CCNP实验---Eigrp Stub 区域

拓扑：



[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]RA:ip route
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:01:26, Serial2/1
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.0 [90/2809856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:37, Serial2/1
23.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 23.1.1.0 [90/2681856] via 12.1.1.2, 00:01:26, Serial2/1
12.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2/1[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]RB:ip route
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 1.1.1.0 [90/2297856] via 12.1.1.1, 00:02:30, Serial2/1
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 3.3.3.0 [90/2297856] via 23.1.1.1, 00:01:41, Serial2/2
23.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2/2
12.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2/1[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]RC:ip route
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 1.1.1.0 [90/2809856] via 23.1.1.2, 00:02:06, Serial2/2
2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 2.2.2.0 [90/2297856] via 23.1.1.2, 00:02:06, Serial2/2
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
23.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial2/2
12.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 12.1.1.0 [90/2681856] via 23.1.1.2, 00:02:06, Serial2/2[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]说明网络正常收敛，现在没有设置stub，把RB上的环回口关掉，用debug来查看RB查询：
RB#debug eigrp packets query
EIGRP Packets debugging is on
(QUERY)
RB#
RB#conf ter
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
RB(config)#
RB(config)#int loopback 0
RB(config-if)#shu
*Mar 1 00:11:38.587: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/1 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 6-6
*Mar 1 00:11:38.591: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/1 nbr 12.1.1.1 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 6-6
*Mar 1 00:11:38.599: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial2/1 nbr 12.1.1.1 //向RA发送查询
*Mar 1 00:11:38.603: AS 10, Flags 0x0, Seq 10/3 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 6-6
*Mar 1 00:11:38.607: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/2 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 6-6
*Mar 1 00:11:38.611: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/2 nbr 23.1.1.1 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 6-6
*Mar 1 00:11:38.619: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial2/2 nbr 23.1.1.1 //向RB发送查查询
*Mar 1 00:11:38.623: AS 10, Flags 0x0, Seq 11/3 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 6-6[/align]
[align=left]
把RB上的loopback 0 打开，让网络回到正常的收敛
当把RC设置成STUB区域时
RC(config)#router ei 100
RC(config-router)#eigrp stub receive-only[/align]
[align=left]此时关掉RB上的loopback 0
再来看RB的查询情况：[/align]
[align=left]*Mar 1 00:18:13.139: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/2 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 9-9
*Mar 1 00:18:13.143: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/2 nbr 23.1.1.1 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 9-9
*Mar 1 00:18:13.151: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/1 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 serno 9-9
*Mar 1 00:18:13.155: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial2/1 nbr 12.1.1.1 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 9-9
*Mar 1 00:18:13.163: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial2/1 nbr 12.1.1.1 //向RA发送查询
*Mar 1 00:18:13.163: AS 10, Flags 0x0, Seq 19/8 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 9-9
*Mar 1 00:18:13.351: EIGRP: Received QUERY on Serial2/2 nbr 23.1.1.1
RB(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:18:13.355: AS 10, Flags 0x0, Seq 11/21 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0[/align]
[align=left]始终没有发现向RC发送查询。[/align]
[align=left] [/align]
[align=left]总结：
SIA(陷入主动状态)的过程：
1. RB丢失路由.
2. 查EIGRP TOPOLOGY, 查看有没有FS,如有.直接放入路由表
3. 如没有,则发QUERY报文给所有的邻居
4. 有一方不回应.最大的容忍时间:是SIA定时器所定议的时间,超时.关闭此邻接关系.
5. 重新发送更新.重新计算.[/align]
[align=left]
解决SIA的办法
把边界路由器打成STUB区域[/align]
[align=left]
EIGRP STUB
在路由协议的边界.用于控制哪些路由可以发送出去.特别用于不需了解太多路由的网络,
? Eigrp stub receive-only ---只接收.不发送任何路由,注意与DENY ANY 的区别!
? Eigrp stub static ---只发送STATIC路由, 注意STATIC路由应再分布进入EIGRP
? Eigrp stub connected ---只发送直连接口所在的网段, 注意此接口应运行EIGRP
? Eigrp stub summary ---此汇总路由应在EIGRP数据库中.且是汇总到有类边界,接口汇总路由也可以发送
? Eigrp stub ---默认等同于eigrp stub connect summary
注: Show ip eigrp neighbor detail 可以看到自己的邻居是否是一个stub路由器，并且可以看到stub路由器的发送机制到底是什么。
除了receive-only以外，其他的参数可自由组合
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