JPA多条件复杂SQL动态分页查询功能
2020-03-11 17:51
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概述
ORM映射为我们带来便利的同时，也失去了较大灵活性，如果SQL较复杂，要进行动态查询，那必定是一件头疼的事情（也可能是lz还没发现好的方法），记录下自己用的三种复杂查询方式。
环境
springBoot
IDEA2017.3.4
JDK8
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.xmlxy</groupId>
<artifactId>seasgame</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>seasgame</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--数据库连接-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 热启动等 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--Java bean 实体-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--swagger2 API 测试工具 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!--安全框架认证-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
<artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
<classifier>jdk15</classifier>
</dependency>
<!--汉字转拼音-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
<artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
<version>2.5.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- thymeleaf模板 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
移除嵌入式tomcat插件
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<finalName>seasgame</finalName>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
@Query
当一个SQL较为复杂时，第一个想到的就是原生的SQL语句。如果只是简单的查询，那情况还没这么糟糕
@Query(value = " SELECT IFNULL(sum(right_num),0) sumRight FROM t_record WHERE record_owner_id = ?1 AND responder_no = ?2 ",nativeQuery = true) Map<String,Object> sumRightNum(int studentId,int responderNo);
但如果需要进行动态查询，或更改，那这个value就变得复杂了。
package com.xmlxy.seasgame.dao;
import com.xmlxy.seasgame.entity.ScoreEntity;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
/**
*
* Description:
* @author hwc
* @date 2019/9/5
* @return
*/
public interface ScoreDao extends CrudRepository<ScoreEntity,Integer>
{
/**
*
* Description:
*@param scoreEntity
* @author hwc
* @date 2019/9/6
*/
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
@Modifying
@Query(value = "UPDATE t_score t SET " +
"t.responder_no = CASE WHEN :#{#scoreEntity.responderNo} IS NULL THEN t.responder_no ELSE :#{#scoreEntity.responderNo} END," +
"t.max_level = CASE WHEN :#{#scoreEntity.maxLevel} IS NULL THEN t.max_level ELSE :#{#scoreEntity.maxLevel} END," +
"t.right_num = CASE WHEN :#{#scoreEntity.rightNum} IS NULL THEN t.right_num ELSE :#{#scoreEntity.rightNum} END," +
"t.use_time = CASE WHEN :#{#scoreEntity.userTime} IS NULL THEN t.use_time ELSE :#{#scoreEntity.userTime} END WHERE student_id = :#{#scoreEntity.getStudentId()}",nativeQuery = true)
void updateScore(@Param("scoreEntity") ScoreEntity scoreEntity);
}
JPQL
如果Java代码内发出JPQL查询，就需要利用到EntityManager的响应方法了。一般执行以下流程
获取一个EntityManager实例
调用实例的方法createQuery，创建一个Query实例，如果有需要可以指定检索的最大数量和起始位置
使用Query方法getResultList执行查询，当然更新和删除操作得使用executeUpdate执行
进行一个复杂的动态SQL查询
public Page<RankEntity> getScoreByRank(int gradeId,int classId,Pageable pageable)
{
StringBuilder countSelectSql = new StringBuilder("");
countSelectSql.append(" SELECT COUNT(*) ");
countSelectSql.append(" FROM ");
countSelectSql.append(" t_score s, ");
countSelectSql.append(" t_student st ");
countSelectSql.append(" WHERE ");
countSelectSql.append(" s.student_id = st.student_id ");
StringBuilder selectSql = new StringBuilder();
selectSql.append(" SELECT s.student_id,st.real_name,st.student_class,s.max_level,s.use_time,s.right_num ");
selectSql.append(" FROM t_score s ");
selectSql.append(" JOIN t_student st ON s.student_id = st.student_id ");
selectSql.append(" WHERE 1 = 1 ");
Map<String,Object> params = new HashMap<>();
StringBuilder whereSql = new StringBuilder();
if (gradeId != -1)
{
whereSql.append(" AND st.student_grade = :student_grade ");
params.put("student_grade",gradeId);
}
/**班级ID*/
if (classId != -1)
{
whereSql.append(" AND st.student_class = :classId ");
params.put("classId",classId);
}
String orderSql = " ORDER BY s.max_level DESC,s.use_time,s.right_num ASC ";
String countSql = new StringBuilder().append(countSelectSql).append(whereSql).toString();
Query countQuery = entityManager.createNativeQuery(countSql);
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> entry : params.entrySet())
{
countQuery.setParameter(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
BigInteger totalCount = (BigInteger)countQuery.getSingleResult();
String querySql = new StringBuilder().append(selectSql).append(whereSql).append(orderSql).toString();
Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery(querySql,RankEntity.class);
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> entry:params.entrySet())
{
query.setParameter(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
query.setFirstResult((int) pageable.getOffset());
query.setMaxResults(pageable.getPageSize());
List<RankEntity> rankEntities = query.getResultList();
Page<RankEntity> page = new PageImpl<>(rankEntities,pageable,totalCount.longValue());
return page;
}
注意：如果没有重新定义Pageable那么pageNumber必须减1，因为是从0开始的。
Criteria
这是一种规范查询是以元模型的概念为基础的，这个元模型可以是实体累，嵌入类，或者映射的父类，简单介绍几个里面用到接口。
CriteraQuery是一个特定的顶层查询对象，里面包含select，from，where，order by等各个部分，然而他只对实体类或嵌入类的标准查询起作用。
Root标准查询的根对象，根定义了实体类型，是你想要查询要获得的结果，也可以添加查询条件，结合实体管理对象得到查询的对象。
CriteriaBuilder接口用来构建CritiaQuery的构建器
StudentEntity类
package com.xmlxy.seasgame.entity;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.print.attribute.standard.MediaSize;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
*
* Description:学生对象
* @param
* @author hwc
* @date 2019/8/8
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_base_student")
@ApiModel
@Data
public class StudentEntity implements Serializable
{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 546L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
@Column(name = "student_id")
private Integer studentId;
@Column(name = "student_grade")
private Integer studentGrade;
@Column(name = "student_class")
private Integer studentClass;
@Column(name = "address")
private String address;
@Column(name = "telephone")
private Integer telephone;
@Column(name = "real_name")
private String realName;
@Column(name = "id_number")
private String idNumber;
@Column(name = "study_id")
private String studyId;
@Column(name = "is_delete")
private int isDelete;
@Column(name = "uuid")
private String uuid;
}
dao层
public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<StudentEntity,Integer>,JpaSpecificationExecutor
{
}
动态查询
public Page<StudentEntity> getTeacherClassStudent(int pageNumber,int pageSize,int gradeId, int classId,String keyword)
{
pageNumber = pageNumber < 0 ? 0 : pageNumber;
pageSize = pageSize < 0 ? 10 : pageSize;
Specification<StudentEntity> specification = new Specification<StudentEntity>()
{
@Override
public Predicate toPredicate(Root<StudentEntity> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder)
{
//page : 0 开始, limit : 默认为 10
List<Predicate> predicates = new ArrayList<>();
predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("studentGrade"),gradeId));
predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.equal(root.get("studentClass"),classId));
if (!Constant.isEmptyString(keyword))
{
predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("realName").as(String.class),"%" + keyword + "%"));
}
return criteriaBuilder.and(predicates.toArray(new Predicate[predicates.size()]));
}
};
/*studentId必须是实体类属性与数据库对应，否则报ropertyReferenceException异常*/
PageRequest page = new PageRequest(pageNumber,pageSize,Sort.Direction.ASC,"studentId");
Page<StudentEntity> pages = studentDao.findAll(specification,page);
return pages;
}
因为这个项目应用比较简单，所以条件只有一个，如果条件较多，甚至可以定义一个专门的类去接收拼接参数，然后判
断，成立就add进去。
总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的JPA多条件复杂SQL动态分页查询功能，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持！
如果你觉得本文对你有帮助，欢迎转载，烦请注明出处，谢谢！
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