nginx反向代理
1、什么是 nginx Nginx 是高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理的服务器,处理高并发能力是十分强大的,能经受高负 载的考验,有报告表明能支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数。
2、正向代理 (1)需要在客户端配置代理服务器进行指定网站访问
3、反向代理 暴露的是代理服务器地址,隐藏了真实服务器 IP 地址。
事实上ngnix在配置文件中已经自动配置好了反向代理默认的监听端口为80端口
所以当我们安装好nginx后直接访问服务器ip地址就会进入到nginx默认网站
配置文件在nginx的conf目录下有个nginx.conf文件
原始配置文件内容如下
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } 1ddc4 #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
我将原始配置文件的注释全部去掉如下
worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }
配置文件主要分为3个模块
1.全局块,配置全局
worker_processes 处理并发数的配置
2.events 影响nginx服务器与用户的网络连接
worker_connections 1024; 支持的最大连接数为1024
3.http块,包含2部分 http全局块和server块
实际使用过程中都是在server块中实现各种配置,我们可以看到实际上nginx当中已经帮我们实现了一个反向代理
listen 80; //此为nginx服务监听的端口
server_name localhost;//此为nginx服务监听的ip地址
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm; 此为配置转发的html页面
}
这边我对配置文件做了一次的修改,转发到tomcat服务器当中
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 9383; server_name 192.168.0.102; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location /ydyy { proxy_pass http://192.168.0.102:8081; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
监听9383端口,默认还是跳转到index.html页面
然后在tomcat webapp目录下新建一文件夹ydyy在其下面新建一html文件,在http的server块中添加如下配置
location /ydyy { proxy_pass http://192.168.0.102:8081; }
我们再访问tomcat项目中的html页面即可使用nginx服务器地址加上自己配置的9383端口及可访问
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