linux系统安装mysql数据库
2019-07-31 19:43
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1、查看自己虚拟机有没有mysql的安装包 ，命令：rpm -qa | grep mysql 或者rpm -qa | grep mysqlyum list installed
2、卸载mysql数据库
[root@bogon ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 [root@bogon ~]# sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 [root@bogon ~]# sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch [root@bogon ~]# sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 [root@bogon ~]# sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 [root@bogon ~]# sudo rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64
3、卸载完成之后再查看一下，确保卸载干净
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysqlyum list installed grep: list: 没有那个文件或目录 grep: installed: 没有那个文件或目录 [root@localhost ~]#
4、下载 mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 的 YUM 源
[root@bogon ~]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm --2019-07-29 21:45:24-- http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 正在解析主机 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.44.160.128 正在连接 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.44.160.128|:80... 已连接。 已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK 长度：9116 (8.9K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] 正在保存至: “mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm” 100%[=============================================>] 9,116 --.-K/s 用时 0s 2019-07-29 21:45:26 (56.8 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm” [9116/9116]) [root@bogon ~]#
5、安装 mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
[root@bogon ~]# rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 警告：mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql57-community-release-el7-8 ################################# [100%] [root@bogon ~]#
6、安装 MySQL，出现提示的话，一路 Y 到底
[root@bogon ~]# yum install mysql-server 已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks Determining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/7): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 205 kB 00:00:00 (2/7): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 166 kB 00:00:01 (3/7): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 44 kB 00:00:02 (4/7): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 61 kB 00:00:02 (5/7): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 184 kB 00:00:07 (6/7): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.5 MB 00:00:52 (7/7): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:01:36 正在解决依赖关系 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 安装 --> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.27-1.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5 8000 .7.27-1.el7 将被 安装 --> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 需要 ---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 安装 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.60-1.el7_5 将被 取代 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要 --> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 需要 ---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 舍弃 --> 正在检查事务 ---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 舍弃 --> 解决依赖关系完成 依赖关系解决 ======================================================================================= Package 架构 版本 源 大小 ======================================================================================= 正在安装: mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 M 替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M 替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 165 M 为依赖而安装: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 275 k 事务概要 ======================================================================================= 安装 3 软件包 (+2 依赖软件包) 总下载量：194 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: 警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装 (1/5): mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 275 kB 00:00:11 (2/5): mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:01:20 (3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:55 (4/5): mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:03:20 mysql-community-server-5.7.27- FAILED :18 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') 正在尝试其它镜像。 mysql-community-server-5.7.27- FAILED :27 ETA http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') 正在尝试其它镜像。 (5/5): mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 165 MB 00:02:39 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 总计 58 kB/s | 194 MB 57:10 从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥 导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5: 用户ID : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>" 指纹 : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 软件包 : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch (installed) 来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 是否继续？[y/N]：y Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction 警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。 正在安装 : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 正在安装 : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 正在安装 : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 6/6 验证中 : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 1/6 验证中 : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 2/6 验证中 : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 3/6 验证中 : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 4/6 验证中 : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 5/6 验证中 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64 6/6 已安装: mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 作为依赖被安装: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 替代: mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5 完毕！ [root@bogon ~]#
7、安装完毕后，启动mysql
[root@bogon ~]# systemctl start mysqld [root@bogon ~]#
8、在 /var/log/mysqld.log 文件中会自动生成一个随机的密码，我们需要先取得这个随机密码，以用于登录 MySQL 服务端，末尾字符串就是密码，把它复制下来。" >pPujeOTT3tu "
[root@bogon ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password 2019-07-29T14:52:09.966977Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >pPujeOTT3tu [root@bogon ~]#
9、登录MYSQL，复制随机密码登录。
[root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.27 Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
10、调整MySQL密码验证规则，修改 policy 和 length 的值
⑴ MySQL 5.7 进行如下设置，即可解决问题
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_length=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
⑵ MySQL 8.0 执行代码
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password.length=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
11、修改MYSQL的登录密码：new_mysql1
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('new_mysql1');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
12、刷新mysql权限
mysql>flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
13、设置用户 root 可以在任意 IP 下被访问，注意：命令最后输入的密码为新密码
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to root@"%" identified by "new_mysql1"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
14、设置用户 root 可以在本地被访问，注意：命令最后输入的密码为新密码
mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to root@"localhost" identified by "new_mysql1"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
15、刷新权限使之生效
mysql>flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
16、关闭防火墙
[root@localhost /]# systemctl stop firewalld [root@localhost /]#
17、关闭开机启动防火墙
[root@localhost /]# systemctl disable firewalld Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@localhost /]#
18、第二种方法：Linux 防火墙开放3306端口
[root@bogon /]# /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT [root@bogon /]#
下载安装navicat数据库管理软件，使用navicat软件远程连接linux系统的MYSQL数据库。
1、打开navacat软件，新建连接 - MYSQL -
2、输入连接名称 - 输入主机（linux系统的ip地址） - 输入root密码（linux系统MYSQL的密码）
3、点击测试连接，显示：连接成功 - 确定 - 确定保存
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