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第四章 选择结构程序设计

2019-02-14 14:50 686 查看

第四章 选择结构程序设计

例4.1解axx+b*x+c=0方程的根

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,p,q;
scanf("%lf%lf%lf",&a,&b,&c);
disc=b*b-4*a*c;
if(disc<0)
printf("this equation hasn't real roots\n");
else
{p=-b/(2.0*a);
q=sqrt(disc)/(2.0*a);
x1=p+q;
x2=p-q;
printf("real roots:\nx1=%7.2f\nx2=%7.2f\n",x1,x2);
}
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.2输入2个实数,按由小到大的顺序输出这两个数

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ float a,b,t;
scanf("%f%f",&a,&b);
if(a>b)
{    t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
printf("%5.2f,%5.2f\n",a,b);
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.3输入3个实数,按由小到大的顺序输出

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ float a,b,c,t;
scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);
if(a>b)
{ t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
if(a>c)
{   t=a;
a=c;
c=t;
}
if(b>c)
{   t=b;
b=c;
c=t;
}
printf("%5.2f,%5.2f,%5.2f\n",a,b,c);
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.4输入一个字符,判别他是否为大写字母,如果是将它转化为小写字母,否则不转换

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
scanf("%c",&ch);
ch=(ch>='A' && ch<='Z')?(ch+32):ch;
printf("%c\n",ch);
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.5 有一阶跃函数 y=-1 (x<0) y=0 (x=0) y=1(x>0)

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{ int x,y;
scanf("%d",&x);
if(x<0)  y=-1;
else
if(x==0)
y=0;
else
y=1;
printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.6要求按照考试成绩的等级输出百分制分数段

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ char grade;
scanf("%c",&grade);
printf("Your score:");
switch(grade)
{ case 'A': printf("85~100\n");break;
case 'B': printf("70~84\n");break;
case 'C': printf("60~69\n");break;
case 'D': printf("<60\n");break;
default:  printf("enter data error!\n");
}
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.7用switch 语句处理菜单命

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
void action1(int,int),action2(int,int);
char ch;
int a=15,b=23;
ch=getchar();
switch(ch)
{case'A':
case'a': action1(a,b);break;
case'B':
case'b': action2(a,b);break;
default:putchar('\a');
}
return 0;
}
void action1(int x,int y)
{printf("x+y=%d\n",x+y);
}
void action2(int x,int y)
{printf("x*y=%d\n",x*y);
}

运行结果如下:

例4.8写一程序判断某一年是否为闰年

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{int year,leap;
printf("enter year:");
scanf("%d",&year);
if((year%4==0 && year%100!=0) || (year%400==0))
leap=1;
else
leap=0;
if (leap)
printf("%d is ",year);
else
printf("%d is not ",year);
printf("a leap year.\n");
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.9求axx+b*x+c=0的解

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
printf("The equation ");
if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
printf("is not a quadratic\n");
else
{
disc=b*b-4*a*c;
if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)
printf("has two equal roots:%8.4f\n", -b/(2*a));
else
if(disc>1e-6)
{
x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
printf("has distinct real roots:%8.4f and %8.4f\n",x1,x2);
}
else
{ realpart=-b/(2*a);
imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);
printf(" has complex roots:\n");
printf("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n" ,realpart,imagpart);
printf("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n", realpart,imagpart);
}
}
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

例4.10 运输公司对用户计算运输费用,路程越远,运费越低。标准如下:S<250 没有折扣

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c,s;
float p,w,d,f;
printf("请输入单价,重量,距离:");
scanf("%f%f%d", &p, &w, &s);
if (s >= 3000)
c = 12;
else
c = s / 250;
switch (c)
{
case 0:d = 0;break;
case 1 :d=2;break;
case 2 :
case 3 :d=5;break;
case 4:
case 5:
case 6:
case 7:d = 8;break;
case 8:
case 9:
case 10:
case 11:d = 10;break;
case 12:d = 15;break;
}
f = p*w*s*(1 - d / 100);
printf("总运费为:%10.2f\n",f);
return 0;
}

运行结果如下:

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