python操作mysql数据库系列-安装MySql
2018-08-04 14:37
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1.首先下载mysql我选择的版本是5.7.19 基于64位的windows操作系统。mysql的下载地址传送门：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads 这里面有不同操作系统的安装包大家有需要都可以自行去下载。
具体安装如下：
1、把 mysql-5.7.20-winx64zip 压缩文件解压到 D:\application\mysql 目录下；
2、在 D:\application\mysql目录下新建 my.ini 配置文件；
3、用文本编辑器或其他编辑器打开 my.ini 文件，把以下代码复制粘贴进去，保存退出；
#代码开始
[Client]
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
[mysqld]
#设置3306端口
port = 3306
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\application\mysql
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\application\mysql\data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
#代码结束
4.1、新建系统变量并配置变量值为 D:\application\mysql ；
以管理员身份运行命令提示符cmd（一定要用管理员身份运行，不然权限不够）输入如下命令：
开始mysql服务：net start mysql 关闭mysql服务： net stop mysql
设置 mysql 的 root 密码，运行以下指令:mysql -u root -p 弹出的密码框可以咱时不用输入密码，直接按回车键 enter键 即可出现下面的页面。
然后我们修改一下mysql的登录密码：下面的代码逐一运行。
mysql -u root -p
use mysql;
update user set authentication_string=password('您的密码') where user='root';
flush privileges;
exit
至此，Mysql 8.0 winx64 解压缩版配置安装已经完成！
use （database name）即可
初次使用的时候，可以无法查询数据库中的表，等信息需要先创建一个数据库，在使用。这个报错原因是没有选择数据库！ 首先建立数据库，再在其中建立数据表：
创建的库为ruifeng,但是里面目前还没有表。
下面这些命令mysql常用的命令：
# status 状态 # net start mysql # net stop mysql # mysql -h localhost -u root -p 使用该命令访问mysql # show databases; 查看mysql有哪些库 # use db; 切换数库 # show tables;查看有哪些表 # desc xxx; 查看表中有哪些字段 # show create table user \G: 查看创建表的脚本 信息
1.show databases;查看有哪些库
mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | bjpowernode | | mysql | | performance_schema | | ruifeng | | sys | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2.use mysql 使用mysql库
mysql> use mysql Database changed mysql> show tables;
3.show tables查看mysql库下面有哪些表
mysql> show tables; +---------------------------+ | Tables_in_mysql | +---------------------------+ | columns_priv | | db | | engine_cost | | event | | func | | general_log | | gtid_executed | | help_category | | help_keyword | | help_relation | | help_topic | | innodb_index_stats | | innodb_table_stats | | ndb_binlog_index | | plugin | | proc | | procs_priv | | proxies_priv | | server_cost | | servers | | slave_master_info | | slave_relay_log_info | | slave_worker_info | | slow_log | | tables_priv | | time_zone | | time_zone_leap_second | | time_zone_name | | time_zone_transition | | time_zone_transition_type | | user | +---------------------------+
4.desc 字段；查看表中有哪些字段；
mysql> desc proc;
+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
| db | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
| name | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
| type | enum('FUNCTION','PROCEDURE') | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| specific_name | char(64) | NO | | | |
| language | enum('SQL') | NO | | SQL | |
| sql_data_access | enum('CONTAINS_SQL','NO_SQL','READS_SQL_DATA','MODIFIES_SQL_DATA') | NO | | CONTAINS_SQL | |
| is_deterministic | enum('YES','NO') | NO | | NO | |
| security_type | enum('INVOKER','DEFINER') | NO | | DEFINER | |
| param_list | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| returns | longblob | NO | | NULL | |
| body | longblob | NO | | NULL | |
| definer | char(93) | NO | | | |
| created | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
| modified | timestamp | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | |
| sql_mode | set('REAL_AS_FLOAT','PIPES_AS_CONCAT','ANSI_QUOTES','IGNORE_SPACE','NOT_USED','ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY','NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION','NO_DIR_IN_CREATE','POSTGRESQL','ORACLE','MSSQL','DB2','MAXDB','NO_KEY_OPTIONS','NO_TABLE_OPTIONS','NO_FIELD_OPTIONS','MYSQL323','MYSQL40','ANSI','NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO','NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES','STRICT_TRANS_TABLES','STRICT_ALL_TABLES','NO_ZERO_IN_DATE','NO_ZERO_DATE','INVALID_DATES','ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO','TRADITIONAL','NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER','HIGH_NOT_PRECEDENCE','NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION','PAD_CHAR_TO_FULL_LENGTH') | NO | | | |
| comment | text | NO | | NULL | |
| character_set_client | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| collation_connection | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| db_collation | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
| body_utf8 | longblob | YES | | NULL | |
+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5.show create table user \G: 查看创建表的脚本信息
mysql> show create table user \G:
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: user
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `user` (
`Host` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`User` char(32) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`Select_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Insert_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Update_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Delete_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Drop_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Reload_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Shutdown_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Process_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`File_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Grant_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`References_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Index_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Alter_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Show_db_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Super_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_tmp_table_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Lock_tables_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Execute_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Repl_slave_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Repl_client_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Show_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Alter_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_user_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Event_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Trigger_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_tablespace_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`ssl_type` enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`ssl_cipher` blob NOT NULL,
`x509_issuer` blob NOT NULL,
`x509_subject` blob NOT NULL,
`max_questions` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`max_updates` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`max_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`max_user_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT 'mysql_native_password',
`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin,
`password_expired` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`password_last_changed` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,
`password_lifetime` smallint(5) unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
`account_locked` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
PRIMARY KEY (`Host`,`User`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='Users and global privileges'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
-> exit;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ':
exit' at line 1
mysql>
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show create table ruifeng \G:
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'mysql.ruifeng' doesn't exist
-> mysql> desc proc;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ':
mysql> desc proc' at line 1
mysql> +----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
-> | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
-> +----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
-> | db | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
-> | name | char(64) | NO | PRI | | |
-> | type | enum('FUNCTION','PROCEDURE') | NO | PRI | NULL | |
-> | specific_name | char(64) | NO | | | |
-> | language | enum('SQL') | NO | | SQL | |
-> | sql_data_access | enum('CONTAINS_SQL','NO_SQL','READS_SQL_DATA','MODIFIES_SQL_DATA') | NO | | CONTAINS_SQL | |
-> | is_deterministic | enum('YES','NO') | NO | | NO | |
-> | security_type | enum('INVOKER','DEFINER') | NO | | DEFINER | |
-> | param_list | blob | NO | | NULL | |
-> | returns | longblob | NO | | NULL | |
-> | body | longblob | NO | | NULL | |
-> | definer | char(93) | NO | | | |
-> | created | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | on update CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
-> | modified | timestamp | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | |
-> | sql_mode | set('REAL_AS_FLOAT','PIPES_AS_CONCAT','ANSI_QUOTES','IGNORE_SPACE','NOT_USED','ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY','NO_UNSIGNED_SUBTRACTION','NO_DIR_IN_CREATE','POSTGRESQL','ORACLE','MSSQL','DB2','MAXDB','NO_KEY_OPTIONS','NO_TABLE_OPTIONS','NO_FIELD_OPTIONS','MYSQL323','MYSQL40','ANSI','NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO','NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES','STRICT_TRANS_TABLES','STRICT_ALL_TABLES','NO_ZERO_IN_DATE','NO_ZERO_DATE','INVALID_DATES','ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO','TRADITIONAL','NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER','HIGH_NOT_PRECEDENCE','NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION','PAD_CHAR_TO_FULL_LENGTH') | NO | | | |
-> | comment | text | NO | | NULL | |
-> | character_set_client | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
-> | collation_connection | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
-> | db_collation | char(32) | YES | | NULL | |
-> | body_utf8 | longblob | YES | | NULL | |
-> +----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+-----------------------------+
-> 20 rows in set (0.00 sec)
->
-> mysql>
mysql的演示我们到此结束了..........
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