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Python+Django+channels实现websocket

2018-03-06 14:26 453 查看
        目前网络上多数基于django实现websocket都是老版本,而django和channels都升级到2.0+版本,导致在搭建过程中填坑无数,好在看了诸多官网文章总算搞定,都是英文,着实好了一点时间,底部附上源码,欢迎大家一起交流。
项目版本:
Python 3.6
Django 2.0.2
Channels 2.0.2
channels_redis 2.0.2
Daphne 2.0.4
asgi_redis 1.4.3
asgiref 2.1.6
pypiwin32 2.2.3 注意事项:
1,安装channels之前,先把剩下的几个库全部安装,用PIP即可,若安装过程出现UnicodeDecodeError:‘utf-8’ codec can not decode byte 0xd6 in position 2:invalid continuation byte错误则将D:\Python36-32\Lib\site-packages\pip\compat\_init_.py中return s.decode('utf-8')修改为return s.decode('gbk')。
2,项目基于redis,各位自行安装并运行redis,运行channels时,保证redis已启动Redis启动命令,cmd进入redis安装目录(c:\\redis),Redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf  回车,正常会显示no error。默认redis已经做成服务并开机自启动,所以只需启动一次即可。
配置过程:
settings.py文件
redis_host = os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', 'localhost')

# Channel layer definitions
# http://channels.readthedocs.io/en/latest/topics/channel_layers.html CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
"default": {
# This example app uses the Redis channel layer implementation channels_redis
"BACKEND": "channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer",
"CONFIG": {
"hosts": [(redis_host, 6379)],
},
},
}

ASGI_APPLICATION = "NetWorkMonitor.routing.application"INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'channels',
'AppMain',
'WebSocket',

]添加asgi.py文件,内容如下:
import os
import django
from channels.routing import get_default_application

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "NetWorkMonitor.settings")
django.setup()
application = get_default_application()修改wsgi.py文件,内容如下:
import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "NetWorkMonitor.settings")

application = get_wsgi_application()修改routing.py文件,EchoConsumer是websocket的响应类,内容如下:
from django.urls import path
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from WebSocket.consumers import EchoConsumer
application = ProtocolTypeRouter({

"websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(
URLRouter([
# URLRouter just takes standard Django path() or url() entries.
path("websockettest/", EchoConsumer),
]),
),
})
url文件增加websockettest.html访问处理,在该页面js中发起websocket连接,内容如下:
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/',
9447
admin.site.urls),
path('',AppMain_views.login),
path('loginfunc/', AppMain_views.loginfunc, name='loginfunc'),
path('websockettest/',AppMain_views.websockettest),
path(r'^favicon\.ico$', RedirectView.as_view(url='/static/devifile_psp.ico')),
url(r'^crossdomain.xml$',allow_domains,{'domains': ['172.20.0.42']}),
]
js中发起websocket连接,很简单:
socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:9873/websockettest/");
socket.onmessage = function(e) {
if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN)
{
alert("success... content="+e.data);
}
else
{
alert("failed");
}
consoe.log(e.data);
}
socket.onopen = function() {
socket.send("hello world");
}
最后还有一个响应类,实现websocket通信,注意json数据一定要使用json.dumps,这个也是版本更新所致:
class EchoConsumer(JsonWebsocketConsumer):

def websocket_connect(self, event):
self.accept()

def websocket_receive(self, event):
self.send(json.dumps({
"type": "websocket.send supcon",
"text": event["text"],
}))

def websocket_message(self, event):
self.send(json.dumps({
"type": "websocket.send jackie",
"text": event["text"],
}))

def websocket_disconnect(self, event):
self.send(json.dumps({
"type": "websocket.send",
"text": event["text"],
}))
到此,基本上是配置完成,服务运行即可时间最新版本的websocket。
    源代码链接
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