从外部访问 Template （模板）的控件、获取它的属性值

DataTemplate 和 ControlTemplate 两个类均派生自 FrameWorkTemplate类。这个类有个 FindName方法 供我们查询内部控件。

ControlTemplate 对象： 访问其目标控件 Template . [b]FindName就能拿到。[/b]

DataTemplate 对象： 直接使用低层数据（如果想获得控件长度、宽度 [b]Template . FindName）。[/b]

1、获得[b]ControlTemplate 中的控件。[/b]

效果：






<Window x:Class="AutomaticConfigurationAPP.Window5"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="Window5" Height="300" Width="300">
<Window.Resources>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="cTmp">
<StackPanel Background="Orange">
<TextBox x:Name="textbox1" Margin="6"/>
<TextBox x:Name="textbox2" Margin="6,0"/>
<TextBox x:Name="textbox3" Margin="6"/>
</StackPanel>
</ControlTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<StackPanel Background="Yellow">
<UserControl x:Name="uc" Template="{StaticResource cTmp}" Margin="5"/>
<Button Content="FindName" Click="Button_Click"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>


事件

private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
//Template.FindName
TextBox tb= uc.Template.FindName("textbox1", this.uc) as TextBox;

tb.Text = "textbox1";
StackPanel sp = tb.Parent as StackPanel;
(sp.Children[1] as TextBox).Text = "textbox2";
(sp.Children[2] as TextBox).Text = "textbox3";
}

2、获得DataTemplate 中的控件。

如果获得与用户界面相关的数据（比如控件的宽度、高度）ContentTemplate.FindName("")。

如果获得与业务相关的数据，直接访问底层（WPF采用数据驱动UI逻辑）Content

效果：



[csharp] view plain copy

public class Student

{

public int Id { get; set; }

public string Name { get; set; }

public string Skill { get; set; }

public bool HasJob { get; set; }

}

XAML

<Window x:Class="AutomaticConfigurationAPP.Window6"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AutomaticConfigurationAPP"
Title="Window6" Height="300" Width="300">
<Window.Resources>
<local:Student x:Key="stu" Id="1" Name="姓名" Skill="wpf" HasJob="True"/>

<DataTemplate x:Key="stuDT">
<Border BorderBrush="Orange" BorderThickness="2" CornerRadius="5">
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Id}" Margin="5"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textblockname" Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="5"/>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Skill}" Margin="5"/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<StackPanel>
<ContentPresenter x:Name="cp"
Content="{StaticResource stu}"
ContentTemplate="{StaticResource stuDT}"
Margin="5"/>
<!--Content="{StaticResource 内容数据源}" ContentTemplate="{StaticResource 内容模板}"-->
<Button Content="Find" Margin="5,0" Click="Button_Click"/>
</StackPanel>
</Window>

C#

//内容模板查找控件
TextBlock tb= this.cp.ContentTemplate.FindName("textblockname", this.cp) as TextBlock; //CP就是一个contentpresenter
MessageBox.Show(tb.Text);

//直接使用底层数据
Student stu = this.cp.Content as Student;
MessageBox.Show(stu.Name);

实例：访问业务逻辑数据、访问界面逻辑数据

界面：



XAML

<Window x:Class="AutomaticConfigurationAPP.Window2"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:c="clr-namespace:System.Collections;assembly=mscorlib"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AutomaticConfigurationAPP"
Title="Window2" Height="300" Width="300">
<Window.Resources>
<c:ArrayList x:Key="stuList">
<local:Student Id="1" Name="a" Skill="wpf" HasJob="True"/>
<local:Student Id="2" Name="b" Skill="MVC" HasJob="True"/>
<local:Student Id="3" Name="c" Skill="c#" HasJob="True"/>
</c:ArrayList>
<DataTemplate x:Key="nameDT">
<TextBox x:Name="textboxname" Text="{Binding Name}" GotFocus="textboxname_GotFocus"/>
</DataTemplate>
<DataTemplate x:Key="skillDT">
<TextBox x:Name="textboxskill" Text="{Binding Skill}"/>
</DataTemplate>
<DataTemplate x:Key="hasjobDT">
<CheckBox x:Name="checkboxJob" IsChecked="{Binding HasJob}"/>
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid Margin="5">
<ListView x:Name="listviewStudent" ItemsSource="{StaticResource stuList}">
<ListView.View>

<!--ListView的View属性是GridView-->
<GridView>
<GridViewColumn Header="ID" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Id}"/>
<!--CellTemplate是TextBox-->
<GridViewColumn Header="姓名" CellTemplate="{StaticResource nameDT}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="技能" CellTemplate="{StaticResource skillDT}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="已工作" CellTemplate="{StaticResource hasjobDT}"/>
</GridView>

</ListView.View>
</ListView>

</Grid>
</Window>

c#

private void textboxname_GotFocus(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
//访问业务逻辑数据
TextBox tb = e.OriginalSource as TextBox;//获得事件的源头（TextBox）
//沿UI元素树上溯到DataTemplate的目标控件（ContentPresenter），并获取它内容，它内容一定是个Student
ContentPresenter cp = tb.TemplatedParent as ContentPresenter;
Student stu = cp.Content as Student;//一行
//MessageBox.Show(stu.HasJob.ToString());
this.listviewStudent.SelectedItem = stu;

//访问界面逻辑数据
//查找包含的ListViewItem
ListViewItem lvi = this.listviewStudent.ItemContainerGenerator.ContainerFromItem(stu) as ListViewItem;
CheckBox chb = this.FindVisualChild<CheckBox>(lvi);
MessageBox.Show(chb.Name);

}

private ChildType FindVisualChild<ChildType>(DependencyObject obj)
where ChildType:DependencyObject
{
//可视化对象包含的子集个数
for (int i = 0; i < VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(obj); i++)
{
//返回指定父可视对象中位于指定集合索引位置的子可视对象
DependencyObject child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(obj, i);
if (child != null && child is ChildType)
{
return child as ChildType;
}
else
{
ChildType childofChild = FindVisualChild<ChildType>(child);
if (childofChild != null)
return childofChild;
}
}
return null;
}