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PTA 数据结构与算法题目集(中文)6-5

2018-01-25 23:47 477 查看


6-5 链式表操作集(20 分)

本题要求实现链式表的操作集。


函数接口定义:

Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
List Delete( List L, Position P );

其中
List
结构定义如下:
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
ElementType Data;
PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;

各个操作函数的定义为:
Position
Find( List L, ElementType X )
:返回线性表中首次出现X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;
List
Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P )
:将X插入在位置P指向的结点之前,返回链表的表头。如果参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Insertion”,返回ERROR;
List
Delete( List L, Position P )
:将位置P的元素删除并返回链表的表头。若参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Deletion”并返回ERROR。


裁判测试程序样例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define ERROR NULL
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode; struct LNode { ElementType Data; PtrToLNode Next; }; typedef PtrToLNode Position; typedef PtrToLNode List;
Position Find( List L, ElementType X ); List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ); List Delete( List L, Position P );
int main()
{
List L;
ElementType X;
Position P, tmp;
int N;

L = NULL;
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
L = Insert(L, X, L);
if ( L==ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
}
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
P = Find(L, X);
if ( P == ERROR )
printf("Finding Error: %d is not in.\n", X);
else {
L = Delete(L, P);
printf("%d is found and deleted.\n", X);
if ( L==ERROR )
printf("Wrong Answer or Empty List.\n");
}
}
L = Insert(L, X, NULL);
if ( L==ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
else
printf("%d is inserted as the last element.\n", X);
P = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
tmp = Insert(L, X, P);
if ( tmp!=ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
tmp = Delete(L, P);
if ( tmp!=ERROR ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
for ( P=L; P; P = P->Next ) printf("%d ", P->Data);
return 0;
}

/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */


输入样例:

6
12 2 4 87 10 2
4
2 12 87 5


输出样例:

2 is found and deleted.
12 is found and deleted.
87 is found and deleted.
Finding Error: 5 is not in.
5 is inserted as the last element.
Wrong Position for Insertion
Wrong Position for Deletion
10 4 2 5

解答:

Position Find( List L, ElementType X )
{
    List P=L;
   
9f2e
while(P)
    {
        if(P->Data==X)
            return P;
        P=P->Next;
    }
    return ERROR;
}

List Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P )
{
    Position head=L;
    if(P==L)
    {
        Position Q = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
        Q->Data=X;
        Q->Next=P;
        return Q;
    }
    else
    {
        while(L)  //特别注意
        {
            if(L->Next==P)
                break;
            L=L->Next;
        }
    if(L)
    {
        Position Q = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
        Q->Data=X;
        Q->Next=P;
        L->Next=Q;
        return head;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("Wrong Position for Insertion\n");
        return ERROR;
    }
    }
}

List Delete( List L, Position P )
{
    Position head=L;
    
    if(P==L)
    {
        Position Q = L->Next;
        free(L);
        return Q;
    }
    else
    {
         while(L)  //特别注意
        {
            if(L->Next==P)
                break;
            L=L->Next;
        }
        if(L)
        {
            L->Next=P->Next;
            free(P);
            return head;
        }
        else
        {
            printf("Wrong Position for Deletion\n");
            return ERROR;
        }
    }
}
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