linux驱动开发之交叉开发环境搭建详细流程及linux-3.0.8内核移植

开发板型号s5pv210

操作系统win7和ubuntu

一、linux驱动开发之交叉开发环境搭建

1，先用下面的Linux内核镜像在zImage和文件系统在开发板中搭建交叉开发环境

1》 将Linux内核镜像：zImage拷贝到/tftpboot（zImage下载路径是链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1jJBKXQe 密码：dfv4）

2》 将文件系统：rootfs_fs210.tgz拷贝到/opt。并解压tar -xvf rootfs_fs210.tgz

（rootfs_fs210.tgz下载路径是链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1eSZZzfc 密码：cjfq）

并配置：

1) 打开配置文件

sudo vim /etc/exports

2) 添加下面一行

/opt/rootfs *(subtree_check,rw,no_root_squash,async)

3) 重启nfs服务

sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

sudo exportfs -a

3》打开开发板-配置uboot参数

FS210 # set serverip 192.168.7.115 //服务器(ubuntu)的IP

FS210 # set ipaddr 192.168.7.175 //开发板IP

FS210 # set gatewayip 192.168.7.1

FS210 # set netmask 255.255.255.0

FS210 # set ethaddr 11:22:33:44:5e:aa

FS210 # set bootcmd tftp 0x40008000 zImage308 \; bootm 0x40008000 //设置uboot下载的内核:zImage

//设置uboot引导内核启动后，传给内核的参数:bootargs

FS210 # set bootargs console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.7.115:/opt/rootfs ip=192.168.7.175

FS210 # save //保存设置

Saving Environment to SMDK bootable device…

Erasing Nand…

Writing to Nand…

Saved enviroment variables

4》重启开发板电源

VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant c rev 2

dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link down

IP-Config: Guessing netmask 255.255.255.0

dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x45E1

IP-Config: Complete:

device=eth0, addr=192.168.7.5, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=255.255.255.255,

host=192.168.7.5, domain=, nis-domain=(none),

bootserver=255.255.255.255, rootserver=192.168.7.8, rootpath=

VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem) on device 0:11.

Freeing init memory: 136K

===========^_^ fs start==========

===========@_@ fs end==========

Please press Enter to activate this console.
[root@ubuntu /]#
5》交叉编译器配置

2，编译Linux内核源码，生成镜像zImage —– Linux内核的移植

1》获取Linux内核源码

1) 从官网下载

www.kernel.org

2) 这里直接给出

linux-3.0.8.tar.bz2下载路径是链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1snuRXe9 密码：5ltg

2》在ubuntu中创建相应的目录：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~mkdirs5pv210ubuntu@ubuntu: mkdirs5pv210ubuntu@ubuntu: mkdir s5pv210/kernel //放内核源码

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ mkdir s5pv210/driver //放驱动程序

3》将内核源码拷贝到ubuntu中：/home/ubuntu/s5pv210/kernel ，并解压

tar -xvf linux-3.0.8.tar.bz2

4》配置交叉编译器：

cd linux-3.0.8/

vim Makefile +195

修改：

195 ARCH ?= arm

196 CROSS_COMPILE ?= arm-none-linux-gnueabi-



这里注意： ?= arm-none-linux-gnueabi-后面不能有空格

5》选择(指定)平台-SOC ： s5pv210

方法一：

cp arch/arm/configs/s5pv210_defconfig .config

方法二： 推荐方法

make s5pv210_defconfig

（检测 ls -a .config

显示出.config表示make成功）

6》与平台(开发板)无关的配置

make menuconfig

1) 选择串口：COM1（固定，不需要修改，我曾以为修改而出错）

System Type —>

(0) S3C UART to use for low-level messages

2) 选择支持基本的网络协议

[*] Networking support —>

Networking options —>

<*> Packet socket

<*> Unix domain sockets

[*] TCP/IP networking

[*] IP: kernel level autoconfiguration

3) 选择支持网络文件系统：nfs

File systems —>

[*] Network File Systems (NEW) —>

<*> NFS client support

[*] NFS client support for NFS version 3

[*] NFS client support for the NFSv3 ACL protocol extension

[*] Root file system on NFS

注意：

如果图形界面无法打开，则下载库ncurses5：sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

7》编译内核：

make -j2（双线程，增加编译速度）

8》将编译好的内核镜像zImage拷贝到/tftpboot

cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /tftpboot/

9》修改uboot，重启开发板

FS210 # set bootcmd tftp 0x40008000 zImage \; bootm 0x40008000

FS210 # sa

重启开发板之后，会出现下面的错误：

TCP cubic registered

NET: Registered protocol family 17

VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant c rev 2

VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.

VFS: Cannot open root device “nfs” or unknown-block(2,0)

Please append a correct “root=” boot option; here are the available partitions:

Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)

[<80032564>] (unwind_backtrace+0x0/0xf0) from [<8024c978>] (panic+0x70/0x19c)

[<8024c978>] (panic+0x70/0x19c) from [<80008de4>] (mount_block_root+0x15c/0x210)

[<80008de4>] (mount_block_root+0x15c/0x210) from [<80009030>] (mount_root+0xa8/0xc4)

[<80009030>] (mount_root+0xa8/0xc4) from [<800091b0>] (prepare_namespace+0x164/0x1bc)

[<800091b0>] (prepare_namespace+0x164/0x1bc) from [<80008aa0>] (kernel_init+0xe4/0x118)

[<80008aa0>] (kernel_init+0xe4/0x118) from [<8002dee0>] (kernel_thread_exit+0x0/0x8)

在挂载根文件系统时，出错，原因是编译内核时，没有将网络驱动编译到zImage中

10》重新编译内核，将网卡驱动编译进去

1) 修改源码：arch/arm/mach-s5pv210/mach-smdkv210.c （以下是与平台相关）:

vi arch/arm/mach-s5pv210/mach-smdkv210.c

修改结构体数组smdkv210_dm9000_resources为：

static struct resource smdkv210_dm9000_resources[] = {
[0] = {
.start = 0x88000000,
.end = 0x88000000 + 0x3,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,   //地址端口
},
[1] = {
.start = 0x88000000 + 0x4,
.end = 0x88000000 + 0x4 + 0x3,
.flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,   //数据端口
},
[2] = {
.start = IRQ_EINT(10),
.end = IRQ_EINT(10),
.flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ | IORESOURCE_IRQ_HIGHLEVEL,
},
};
static struct dm9000_plat_data smdkv210_dm9000_platdata = {
.flags          = DM9000_PLATF_16BITONLY | DM9000_PLATF_NO_EEPROM,
.dev_addr       = { 0x00, 0x09, 0xc0, 0xff, 0xec, 0xYY}, /* YY为座位号，如果座位号小于10, 则在前面添加0， 比如座位号为6，则可以填06 */
};

修改函数smdkv210_dm9000_init为：

static void __init smdkv210_dm9000_init(void)
{
unsigned int tmp;
gpio_request(S5PV210_MP01(1), "nCS1");
s3c_gpio_cfgpin(S5PV210_MP01(1), S3C_GPIO_SFN(2));
gpio_free(S5PV210_MP01(1));
tmp = (5 << S5P_SROM_BCX__TACC__SHIFT);
__raw_writel(tmp, S5P_SROM_BC1);
tmp = __raw_readl(S5P_SROM_BW);
tmp &= (S5P_SROM_BW__CS_MASK << S5P_SROM_BW__NCS1__SHIFT);
tmp |= (1 << S5P_SROM_BW__NCS1__SHIFT);
__raw_writel(tmp, S5P_SROM_BW);
}
2) make menuconfig
Device Drivers  --->
[*] Network device support  --->
[*]   Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit)  --->
<*>   DM9000 support
(4)     DM9000 maximum debug level (NEW)
3)重新编译内核
make -j2
4) 将编译好的内核镜像zImage拷贝到/tftpboot
cp arch/arm/boot/zImage /tftpboot/
5) 重启开发板：
dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31
eth0: dm9000b at c0818000,c081a004 IRQ 42 MAC: 00:09:c0:ff:ec:aa (platform data)
mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant c rev 2
dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link down
dm9000 dm9000: eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x41E1
IP-Config: Guessing netmask 255.255.255.0
IP-Config: Complete:
device=eth0, addr=192.168.7.5, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=255.255.255.255,
host=192.168.7.5, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
bootserver=255.255.255.255, rootserver=192.168.7.8, rootpath=
VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem) on device 0:10.
Freeing init memory: 124K
===========^_^ fs start==========
===========@_@ fs end==========

Please press Enter to activate this console.
[root@ubuntu /]#

出现以上界面说明网卡驱动移植成功。

此时基本配置成功。

备注：ubuntu中开发板的路径是/opt/rootfs/

ubuntu和window共享文件夹路径是/tftpboot