.Net整合Json实现REST服务客户端的方法详解

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一. 准备工作

　　1. 点击官网 或 本地 下载支持.Net4.0 的Json插件 Newtonsoft.Json

　　2. 找到 %压缩包%\Bin\net40\Newtonsoft.Json.dll ，在工程中引用

二. 相关代码介绍

1. HttpClientUtil.cs　　封装REST方法

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
namespace psi.Common
{
public class HttpClientUtil
{
// REST @GET 方法，根据泛型自动转换成实体，支持List<T>
public static T doGetMethodToObj<T>(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "get";
request.ContentType = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
HttpWebResponse response = null;
try
{
response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
}
catch (WebException e)
{
response = (HttpWebResponse)e.Response;
return default(T);
}
string json = getResponseString(response);
return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(json);
}
// 将 HttpWebResponse 返回结果转换成 string
private static string getResponseString(HttpWebResponse response)
{
string json = null;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8")))
{
json = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
return json;
}
// 获取异常信息
private static string getRestErrorMessage(HttpWebResponse errorResponse)
{
string errorhtml = getResponseString(errorResponse);
string errorkey = "UnhandledException:";
errorhtml = errorhtml.Substring(errorhtml.IndexOf(errorkey) + errorkey.Length);
errorhtml = errorhtml.Substring(0, errorhtml.IndexOf("\n"));
return errorhtml;
}
// REST @POST 方法
public static T doPostMethodToObj<T>(string url, string jsonBody)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "post";
request.ContentType = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
var stream = request.GetRequestStream();
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
{
writer.Write(jsonBody);
writer.Flush();
}
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
string json = getResponseString(response);
return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(json);
}
// REST @PUT 方法
public static string doPutMethod(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "put";
request.ContentType = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8")))
{
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
// REST @PUT 方法，带发送内容主体
public static T doPutMethodToObj<T>(string url, string jsonBody)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "put";
request.ContentType = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
request.Timeout = 30 * 1000;
var stream = request.GetRequestStream();
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
{
writer.Write(jsonBody);
writer.Flush();
}
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
string json = getResponseString(response);
return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<T>(json);
}
// REST @DELETE 方法
public static bool doDeleteMethod(string url)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "delete";
request.ContentType = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8")))
{
string responseString = reader.ReadToEnd();
if (responseString.Equals("1"))
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
}
}

2. 调用REST服务端方法，以Json作为数据格式

/// <summary>
/// 取得升级服务端的url地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private String getServerUrl()
{
String result = "";
UpgraderClient upgraderClient = getUpgraderClient();
if (upgraderClient != null)
{
result += "http://" + upgraderClient.serverIP +
":" + upgraderClient.serverPort +
"/upgraderServer/service/upgrade.do";
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 测试与升级服务端的连接
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool testConnect()
{
FileRequest fileReq = new FileRequest();
fileReq.type = (int)RequestType.TEST_CONNECT;
string jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(fileReq);
FileResponse rep = null;
try
{
rep = HttpClientUtil.doPostMethodToObj<FileResponse>(getServerUrl(), jsonData);
} catch
{
throw new Exception("连接远程服务端失败！");
}
return rep.status == 200;
}

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