Python 字典(Dictionary)笔记
2018-01-07 15:52
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tuple1 = ("green","red","blue")
tuple2 = tuple([7,1,2,23,4,5])
print (len(tuple2)) # 6
print (max(tuple2)) # 23
print (min(tuple2)) # 1
print (sum(tuple2)) # 42
print (tuple2[0]) # 7
tuple3 = 2 * tuple1
print (tuple3) # ('green', 'red', 'blue', 'green', 'red', 'blue')
print (tuple2[2:4]) # (2, 23)
print (tuple1[-1]) # blue
for v in tuple1:
print (v,end=' ') # green red blue
print ()
print (tuple1==tuple2) # False
字典是另一种可变容器模型,且可存储任意类型对象。
字典的每个键值(key=>value)对用冒号(:)分割,每个对之间用逗号(,)分割,整个字典包括在花括号({})中 ,格式如下所示:
d = {key1 : value1, key2 : value2 }
键必须是唯一的,但值则不必。
值可以取任何数据类型,但键必须是不可变的,如字符串,数字或元组。
一个简单的字典实例:
dict = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'}
也可如此创建字典:
dict1 = { 'abc': 456 };
dict2 = { 'abc': 123, 98.6: 37 };
访问字典里的值
把相应的键放入熟悉的方括弧,如下实例:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'};
print "dict['Name']: ", dict['Name'];
print "dict['Age']: ", dict['Age'];
以上实例输出结果:
dict['Name']: Zara
dict['Age']: 7
如果用字典里没有的键访问数据,会输出错误如下:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'};
print "dict['Alice']: ", dict['Alice'];
以上实例输出结果:
dict['Alice']:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 5, in <module>
print "dict['Alice']: ", dict['Alice'];
KeyError: 'Alice'
参考 http://blog.csdn.net/lemonwyc/article/details/40190111
http://www.runoob.com/python/python-dictionary.html
tuple2 = tuple([7,1,2,23,4,5])
print (len(tuple2)) # 6
print (max(tuple2)) # 23
print (min(tuple2)) # 1
print (sum(tuple2)) # 42
print (tuple2[0]) # 7
tuple3 = 2 * tuple1
print (tuple3) # ('green', 'red', 'blue', 'green', 'red', 'blue')
print (tuple2[2:4]) # (2, 23)
print (tuple1[-1]) # blue
for v in tuple1:
print (v,end=' ') # green red blue
print ()
print (tuple1==tuple2) # False
s1 = {1,2,4} s1.add(6) print (s1) # {1,2,4,6} print (len(s1)) # 4 print (max(s1)) # 6 print (min(s1)) # 1 print (sum(s1)) # 13 print (3 in s1) # False s1.remove(4) print (s1) # {1,2,6} s1 = {1,2,4} s2 = {1,4,5,2,6} print (s1.issubset(s2)) # True print (s2.issuperset(s1)) # True print (s1==s2) # False print (s1<=s2) # True print (s1.union(s2)) # {1,2,4,5,6} print (s1|s2) # {1,2,4,5,6} print (s1.intersection(s2))# {1,2,4} print (s1&s2) # {1,2,4} print (s1.difference(s2)) # set() print (s1-s2) # set() print (s1.symmetric_difference(s2)) # {5,6} print (s1^s2) # {5,6}
students = {"111-58-5858":"John", "132-59-5959":"Peter"} # add students["234-56-9010"] = "Susan" # modify students["111-58-5858"] = "Smith" # 检索 print (students["111-58-5858"]) # Smith # 删除 del students["234-56-9010"] # 循环 for key in students: print (key + ":" + students[key]) # 111-58-5858:Smith 132-59-5959:Peter # len print (len(students)) # 2 # in, not in print ("111-58-5858" in students) # True print ("111" not in students) # True # ==, != d1 = {"red":22, "blue":2} d2 = {"blue":2, "red":22} print (d1==d2) # True print (d1!=d2) # False #keys() print (tuple(students.keys())) # ('111-58-5858', '132-59-5959') print (tuple(students.values())) # ('Smith', 'Peter') print (tuple(students.items())) # (('111-58-5858', 'Smith'), ('132-59-5959', 'Peter')) print (students.get("111-58-5858")) # Smith print (students.pop("111-58-5858")) # Smith print (students.popitem()) # ('132-59-5959', 'Peter')
>>> dict = { 1 : 2, 'a' : 'b', 'hello' : 'world' } >>> dict.values() ['b', 2, 'world'] >>> dict.keys() ['a', 1, 'hello'] >>> dict.items() [('a', 'b'), (1, 2), ('hello', 'world')] >>>
字典是另一种可变容器模型,且可存储任意类型对象。
字典的每个键值(key=>value)对用冒号(:)分割,每个对之间用逗号(,)分割,整个字典包括在花括号({})中 ,格式如下所示:
d = {key1 : value1, key2 : value2 }
键必须是唯一的,但值则不必。
值可以取任何数据类型,但键必须是不可变的,如字符串,数字或元组。
一个简单的字典实例:
dict = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'}
也可如此创建字典:
dict1 = { 'abc': 456 };
dict2 = { 'abc': 123, 98.6: 37 };
访问字典里的值
把相应的键放入熟悉的方括弧,如下实例:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'};
print "dict['Name']: ", dict['Name'];
print "dict['Age']: ", dict['Age'];
以上实例输出结果:
dict['Name']: Zara
dict['Age']: 7
如果用字典里没有的键访问数据,会输出错误如下:
实例
#!/usr/bin/python
dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Class': 'First'};
print "dict['Alice']: ", dict['Alice'];
以上实例输出结果:
dict['Alice']:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", line 5, in <module>
print "dict['Alice']: ", dict['Alice'];
KeyError: 'Alice'
参考 http://blog.csdn.net/lemonwyc/article/details/40190111
http://www.runoob.com/python/python-dictionary.html
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