深坑之Webview,解决H5调用android相机拍照和录像

最近在开发过程中遇到一个问题,主要是调用第三方的实名认证,需要拍照和录像;

办过支付宝大宝卡和腾讯的大王卡的都知道这玩意,办卡的时候就需要进行实名认证,人脸识别;

本来第三方平台(xxx流量公司)说的是直接用WebView加载这个H5界面就完事了,我心想这么简单,那不是分分钟的事,放着后面做(公司就我一个安卓,所以开发都是我说的算^_^,独立开发有的时候还是挺爽);

结果到项目快要上线的时候,只想说一句mmp,根本调不了相机,这个时候怎么搞,只有自己去实现了,才发现自己已经进了webview的深坑;

到处找资料,发现webview根本不能让h5自己调用,ios是可以的,项目经理就说是我的锅,真特么又一句mmp(关键是这个H5还特么不能改,不能提供给我调用的方法);

进入正题,首先来了解webview,这里我分享两篇大佬的博客

1,WebView开车指南

2,WebView详解

看完这两篇基本你已经可以随意操作webview了, 但是,当你调用相机的时候你才发现这只是入坑的开始

第一个坑

调用相机之后,文件回调不了,其实根本就是没有回调.这个时候你要去检查你的webview的Settings了关键代码,是否给足了权限;

WebSettings settings = webView.getSettings();
settings.setUseWideViewPort(true);
settings.setLoadWithOverviewMode(true);
settings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);
settings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("UTF-8");
settings.setAllowContentAccess(true); // 是否可访问Content Provider的资源，默认值 true
settings.setAllowFileAccess(true);    // 是否可访问本地文件，默认值 true
// 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取本地文件，默认值 false
settings.setAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs(false);
// 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取全部资源(包括文件,http,https)，默认值 false
settings.setAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs(false);
//开启JavaScript支持
settings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
// 支持缩放
settings.setSupportZoom(true);

其中

settings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);

这个方法当时我没加,血崩了一次;

第二个坑

WebChromeClient的openFileChooser()只调用了一次

首先了解为什么这个方法只调用了一次,看这篇博客就可

Android开发深入理解WebChromeClient之onShowFileChooser或openFileChooser使用说明

看了他基本你就了解怎么回事了

第三个坑

怎么区分是要调用相机是需要拍照还是录视频

这个时候你就要看WebViewClient的 shouldOverrideUrlLoading()方法了

,我是通过拦截url来判断url里面是拍照还是录制视频来加一个flag

这样你调用你的相机的时候就可以分别处理了

第四个坑

android 7.0的FileProvider的坑

看洪阳大佬的这篇博客基本就了解了

Android 7.0 行为变更 通过FileProvider在应用间共享文件吧

最后附上我自己的代码吧

package com.sihaiwanlian.cmccnev.feature.verify.activitys;

import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ClipData;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.RequiresApi;
import android.support.v4.content.FileProvider;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.webkit.ValueCallback;
import android.webkit.WebChromeClient;
import android.webkit.WebSettings;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import com.orhanobut.logger.Logger;
import com.sihaiwanlian.cmccnev.R;
import com.sihaiwanlian.cmccnev.utils.PhotoUtils;

import java.io.File;

import butterknife.BindView;
import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import butterknife.OnClick;

public class Certifica extends AppCompatActivity {
private final static String TAG = "villa";
@BindView(R.id.titleBar_iv_back)
ImageView mTitleBarIvBack;
@BindView(R.id.titleBar_btn_back)
Button mTitleBarBtnBack;
@BindView(R.id.titleBar_centerTV)
TextView mTitleBarCenterTV;
private WebView webView;
private ValueCallback<Uri> mUploadMessage;
private ValueCallback<Uri[]> mUploadCallbackAboveL;
private final static int PHOTO_REQUEST = 100;
private final static int VIDEO_REQUEST = 120;
private final static String url = "your_url";
private boolean videoFlag = false;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_certifica);
ButterKnife.bind(this);
initToolBar();
initWebView();
}

private void initToolBar() {
mTitleBarCenterTV.setText("实名认证");
}

//初始化webView
private void initWebView() {
//从布局文件中扩展webView
webView = (WebView) this.findViewById(R.id.certifi_webview);
initWebViewSetting();
}

//初始化webViewSetting
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
private void initWebViewSetting() {
WebSettings settings = webView.getSettings();
settings.setUseWideViewPort(true);
settings.setLoadWithOverviewMode(true);
settings.setDomStorageEnabled(true);
settings.setDefaultTextEncodingName("UTF-8");
settings.setAllowContentAccess(true); // 是否可访问Content Provider的资源，默认值 true
settings.setAllowFileAccess(true);    // 是否可访问本地文件，默认值 true
// 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取本地文件，默认值 false
settings.setAllowFileAccessFromFileURLs(false);
// 是否允许通过file url加载的Javascript读取全部资源(包括文件,http,https)，默认值 false
settings.setAllowUniversalAccessFromFileURLs(false);
//开启JavaScript支持
settings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
// 支持缩放
settings.setSupportZoom(true);
//辅助WebView设置处理关于页面跳转，页面请求等操作
webView.setWebViewClient(new MyWebViewClient());
//辅助WebView处理图片上传操作
webView.setWebChromeClient(new MyChromeWebClient());
//加载地址
webView.loadUrl(url);
}

@OnClick(R.id.titleBar_btn_back)
public void onViewClicked() {
if (webView.canGoBack()) {
webView.goBack();// 返回前一个页面
} else {
finish();
}
}

//自定义 WebViewClient 辅助WebView设置处理关于页面跳转，页面请求等操作【处理tel协议和视频通讯请求url的拦截转发】
private class MyWebViewClient extends WebViewClient {
@Override
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
Logger.e(url);
if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
videoFlag = url.contains("vedio");
}
if (url.trim().startsWith("tel")) {//特殊情况tel，调用系统的拨号软件拨号【<a href="tel:1111111111">1111111111</a>】
Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
i.setData(Uri.parse(url));
startActivity(i);
} else {
String port = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(":") + 1, url.lastIndexOf("/"));//尝试要拦截的视频通讯url格式(808端口)：【http://xxxx:808/?roomName】
if (port.equals("808")) {//特殊情况【若打开的链接是视频通讯地址格式则调用系统浏览器打开】
Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
i.setData(Uri.parse(url));
startActivity(i);
} else {//其它非特殊情况全部放行
view.loadUrl(url);
}
}
return true;
}
}

private File fileUri = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/" + SystemClock.currentThreadTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
private Uri imageUri;

//自定义 WebChromeClient 辅助WebView处理图片上传操作【<input type=file> 文件上传标签】
public class MyChromeWebClient extends WebChromeClient {
// For Android 3.0-
public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {
Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg)");
mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
if (videoFlag) {
recordVideo();
} else {
takePhoto();
}

}

// For Android 3.0+
public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType) {
Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose( ValueCallback uploadMsg, String acceptType )");
mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
if (videoFlag) {
recordVideo();
} else {
takePhoto();
}
}

//For Android 4.1
public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {
Log.d(TAG, "openFileChoose(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");
mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;
if (videoFlag) {
recordVideo();
} else {
takePhoto();
}
}

// For Android 5.0+
public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallba
1236c
ck, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {
Log.d(TAG, "onShowFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture)");
mUploadCallbackAboveL = filePathCallback;
if (videoFlag) {
recordVideo();
} else {
takePhoto();
}
return true;
}
}

/**
* 拍照
*/
private void takePhoto() {
imageUri = Uri.fromFile(fileUri);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(Certifica.this, getPackageName() + ".fileprovider", fileUri);//通过FileProvider创建一个content类型的Uri

}
PhotoUtils.takePicture(Certifica.this, imageUri, PHOTO_REQUEST);
}

/**
* 录像
*/
private void recordVideo() {
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTURE);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_VIDEO_QUALITY, 1);
//限制时长
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_DURATION_LIMIT, 10);
//开启摄像机
startActivityForResult(intent, VIDEO_REQUEST);
}

@Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
//如果按下的是回退键且历史记录里确实还有页面
if ((keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) && webView.canGoBack()) {
webView.goBack();
return true;
}
return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event);
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
if (requestCode == PHOTO_REQUEST) {
if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;
Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();
if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {
onActivityResultAboveL(requestCode, resultCode, data);
} else if (mUploadMessage != null) {
mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);
mUploadMessage = null;
}
} else if (requestCode == VIDEO_REQUEST) {
if (null == mUploadMessage && null == mUploadCallbackAboveL) return;

Uri result = data == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : data.getData();
if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{result});
mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
} else {
mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{});
mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
}

} else if (mUploadMessage != null) {
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);
mUploadMessage = null;
} else {
mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(Uri.EMPTY);
mUploadMessage = null;
}

}
}
}

@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP)
private void onActivityResultAboveL(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (requestCode != PHOTO_REQUEST || mUploadCallbackAboveL == null) {
return;
}
Uri[] results = null;
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
if (data == null) {
results = new Uri[]{imageUri};
} else {
String dataString = data.getDataString();
ClipData clipData = data.getClipData();
if (clipData != null) {
results = new Uri[clipData.getItemCount()];
for (int i = 0; i < clipData.getItemCount(); i++) {
ClipData.Item item = clipData.getItemAt(i);
results[i] = item.getUri();
}
}

if (dataString != null)
results = new Uri[]{Uri.parse(dataString)};
}
}
mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(results);
mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;
}

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if (webView != null) {
webView.setWebViewClient(null);
webView.setWebChromeClient(null);
webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, "", "text/html", "utf-8", null);
webView.clearHistory();
//            ((ViewGroup) webView.getParent()).removeView(webView);
webView.destroy();
webView = null;
}
}
}

这里面有个photoUtils,已经封装好了各种调用,简单好用

public class PhotoUtils {
private static final String TAG = "PhotoUtils";

/**
* @param activity    当前activity
* @param imageUri    拍照后照片存储路径
* @param requestCode 调用系统相机请求码
*/
public static void takePicture(Activity activity, Uri imageUri, int requestCode) {
//调用系统相机
Intent intentCamera = new Intent();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
intentCamera.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION); //添加这一句表示对目标应用临时授权该Uri所代表的文件
}
intentCamera.setAction(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
//将拍照结果保存至photo_file的Uri中，不保留在相册中
intentCamera.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
if (activity!=null){
activity.startActivityForResult(intentCamera, requestCode);
}
}

/**
* @param activity    当前activity
* @param requestCode 打开相册的请求码
*/
public static void openPic(Activity activity, int requestCode) {
Intent photoPickerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
photoPickerIntent.setType("image/*");
activity.startActivityForResult(photoPickerIntent, requestCode);
}

/**
* @param activity    当前activity
* @param orgUri      剪裁原图的Uri
* @param desUri      剪裁后的图片的Uri
* @param aspectX     X方向的比例
* @param aspectY     Y方向的比例
* @param width       剪裁图片的宽度
* @param height      剪裁图片高度
* @param requestCode 剪裁图片的请求码
*/
public static void cropImageUri(Activity activity, Uri orgUri, Uri desUri, int aspectX, int aspectY, int width, int height, int requestCode) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
}
intent.setDataAndType(orgUri, "image/*");
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", aspectX);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", aspectY);
intent.putExtra("outputX", width);
intent.putExtra("outputY", height);
intent.putExtra("scale", true);
//将剪切的图片保存到目标Uri中
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, desUri);
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
}

/**
* 读取uri所在的图片
*
* @param uri      图片对应的Uri
* @param mContext 上下文对象
* @return 获取图像的Bitmap
*/
public static Bitmap getBitmapFromUri(Uri uri, Context mContext) {
try {
//            Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(mContext.getContentResolver(), uri);
Bitmap bitmapFormUri = getBitmapFormUri(mContext, uri);
return bitmapFormUri;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 通过uri获取图片并进行压缩
*
* @param uri
*/
public static Bitmap getBitmapFormUri(Context ac, Uri uri) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
InputStream input = ac.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
BitmapFactory.Options onlyBoundsOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
onlyBoundsOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
onlyBoundsOptions.inDither = true;//optional
onlyBoundsOptions.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;//optional
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, onlyBoundsOptions);
input.close();
int originalWidth = onlyBoundsOptions.outWidth;
int originalHeight = onlyBoundsOptions.outHeight;
if ((originalWidth == -1) || (originalHeight == -1)){
return null;
}
//图片分辨率以480x800为标准
float hh = 800f;//这里设置高度为800f
float ww = 480f;//这里设置宽度为480f
//缩放比。由于是固定比例缩放，只用高或者宽其中一个数据进行计算即可
int be = 1;//be=1表示不缩放
if (originalWidth > originalHeight && originalWidth > ww) {//如果宽度大的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
be = (int) (originalWidth / ww);
} else if (originalWidth < originalHeight && originalHeight > hh) {//如果高度高的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
be = (int) (originalHeight / hh);
}
if (be <= 0){
be = 1;
}
//比例压缩
BitmapFactory.Options bitmapOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
bitmapOptions.inSampleSize = be;//设置缩放比例
bitmapOptions.inDither = true;//optional
bitmapOptions.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;//optional
input = ac.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, bitmapOptions);
input.close();
return compressImage(bitmap);//再进行质量压缩
}

/**
* 质量压缩方法
*
* @param image
* @return
*/
public static Bitmap compressImage(Bitmap image) {
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, baos);//质量压缩方法，这里100表示不压缩，把压缩后的数据存放到baos中
int options = 100;
while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > 100) {  //循环判断如果压缩后图片是否大于100kb,大于继续压缩
baos.reset();//重置baos即清空baos
//第一个参数 ：图片格式 ，第二个参数： 图片质量，100为最高，0为最差  ，第三个参数：保存压缩后的数据的流
image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);//这里压缩options%，把压缩后的数据存放到baos中
options -= 10;//每次都减少10
}
ByteArrayInputStream isBm = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());//把压缩后的数据baos存放到ByteArrayInputStream中
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(isBm, null, null);//把ByteArrayInputStream数据生成图片
return bitmap;
}

/**
* @param context 上下文对象
* @param uri     当前相册照片的Uri
* @return 解析后的Uri对应的String
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) {

final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT;
String pathHead = "file:///";
// DocumentProvider
if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];
if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return pathHead + Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
}
}
// DownloadsProvider
else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) {

final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);

final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));

return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
}
// MediaProvider
else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0];

Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
}

final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};

return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
}
// MediaStore (and general)
else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return pathHead + getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
}
// File
else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return pathHead + uri.getPath();
}
return null;
}

/**
* Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
* MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
*
* @param context       The context.
* @param uri           The Uri to query.
* @param selection     (Optional) Filter used in the query.
* @param selectionArgs (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
* @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
*/
private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

Cursor cursor = null;
final String column = "_data";
final String[] projection = {column};
try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
} finally {
if (cursor != null){
cursor.close();
}
}
return null;
}

/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

/**
* @param uri The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}

}