dom4j的简单使用案例

package com.ming.xmlParse;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.DocumentResult;
import org.dom4j.io.DocumentSource;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

/*
* xml文档内容：
*
*          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
*          <!DOCTYPE catalog SYSTEM "file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd">
*          <catalog>
*              <!--An XML Catalog-->
*              <?target instruction?>
*              <journal title="XML Zone" publisher="IBM developerWorks">
*                  <article level="Intermediate" date="December-2001">
*                      <title>Java configuration with XML Schema</title>
*                      <author>
*                          <firstname>Marcello</firstname>
*                          <lastname>Vitaletti</lastname>
*                      </author>
*                  </article>
*              </journal>
*          </catalog>
*/

/**
* @author Alexia
*
*         Dom4j 解析XML文档
*/
public class Dom4jDemo implements XmlDocument {

/**
* 简单使用dom4j解析，不使用xpath
*/
public void parserXml(String fileName) {
try {
File file = new File(fileName);
Document document = parse(file);

// 获取根元素
Element root = document.getRootElement();

// 遍历元素的子元素（只有一层）
for (Iterator<Element> i = root.elementIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
Element element = i.next();
for (Iterator<Element> j = element.elementIterator(); j.hasNext();) {
Element element1 = j.next();
String name = element1.getName();
String text = element1.getTextTrim();
System.err.println("--" + name + ":" + text + "--");
}
}

// 遍历元素的子元素（指定元素名称）（只有一层）
for (Iterator<Element> i = root.elementIterator("journal"); i.hasNext();) {
Element element = i.next();
String name = element.getName();
String text = element.getTextTrim();
System.err.println("--" + name + ":" + text + "--");
}

// 遍历元素的属性
for (Iterator<Attribute> i = root.attributeIterator(); i.hasNext();) {
Attribute attribute = i.next();
String name = attribute.getName();
String value = attribute.getValue();
System.err.println("--" + name + ":" + value + "--");
}

// 递归遍历根元素下的所有子节点，并进行行相应的操作
treeWalk(root);

} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

/**
*
* @Title: treeWalk
* @Description: TODO(递归遍历元素下的所有子节点，并进行行相应的操作)
* @return void 返回类型
* @param element
*/
public void treeWalk(Element element) {
for (int i = 0, size = element.nodeCount(); i < size; i++) {
Node node = element.node(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
treeWalk((Element) node);
} else {

}
}
}

/**
*
* @Title: createDoc
* @Description: TODO(使用dom4j创建一个document)
* @return void 返回类型
*/
@Test
public Document createDoc() {
// 创建文档
Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();

// 添加子元素
Element catalogElement = document.addElement("catalog");
// 添加注释
catalogElement.addComment("An XML catalog");
// 添加处理指令
catalogElement.addProcessingInstruction("target", "text");

Element journalElement = catalogElement.addElement("journal");
// 添加属性
journalElement.addAttribute("title", "XML Zone");
journalElement.addAttribute("publisher", "IBM developerWorks");

Element articleElement = journalElement.addElement("article");
articleElement.addAttribute("level", "Intermediate
180d1
");
articleElement.addAttribute("date", "December-2001");

Element titleElement = articleElement.addElement("title");
// 设置文本
titleElement.setText("Java configuration with XML Schema");

Element authorElement = articleElement.addElement("author");

Element firstnameElement = authorElement.addElement("firstname");
firstnameElement.setText("Marcello");
Element lastnameElement = authorElement.addElement("lastname");
lastnameElement.setText("Vitaletti");

// 添加文档类型说明
document.addDocType("catalog", null, "file://c:/Dtds/catalog.dtd");
return document;
}

/**
*
* @Title: parse
* @Description: TODO(用SAXReader解析为document)
* @return Document 返回类型
* @param url
* @return
* @throws DocumentException
* @throws SAXException
*/
public Document parse(URL url) throws DocumentException, SAXException {
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
// 忽略<!DOCTYPE>等元素中的dtd校验（如果校验不成功会直接抛出异常）
saxReader.setValidation(false);
saxReader.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/nonvalidating/load-external-dtd", false);
Document document = saxReader.read(url);
return document;
}

/**
*
* @Title: parse
* @Description: TODO(用SAXReader解析为document)
* @return Document 返回类型
* @param url
* @return
* @throws SAXException
* @throws DocumentException
*/
public Document parse(File file) throws SAXException, DocumentException {
SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
// 忽略<!DOCTYPE>等元素中的dtd校验（如果校验不成功会直接抛出异常）
saxReader.setValidation(false);
saxReader.setFeature("http://apache.org/xml/features/nonvalidating/load-external-dtd", false);
Document document = saxReader.read(file);
return document;
}

/**
*
* @Title: updateDoc
* @Description: TODO(测试修改文档，使用SAXReader和xpath) 节点的增、删、改、查
* @return void 返回类型
* @param filename
* @throws DocumentException
* @throws SAXException
*/
public void updateDoc(String filename) throws DocumentException, SAXException {
File file = new File(filename);
// 解析为document
Document document = parse(file);

// xpath选择文档中article元素中获得 level属性值是“Intermediate”的元素节点
List<Element> list = document.selectNodes("//article[@level='Intermediate']");
Iterator<Element> iterator = list.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Element next = iterator.next();
// next.setAttributeValue("level",
// "Introductory");//过时用addAttribute替代
// 修改属性值
next.addAttribute("level", "Introductory");
// 添加color属性
next.addAttribute("color", "red");
}

// 选取所有的lastname元素节点
List<Element> list2 = document.selectNodes("//lastname");
Iterator<Element> iterator2 = list2.iterator();
while (iterator2.hasNext()) {
Element next = iterator2.next();
String textTrim = next.getTextTrim();
if ("Vitaletti".equals(textTrim)) {
// 删除节点
next.getParent().remove(next);
}
}

// 输出到控制台
writeDoc(document);
}

/**
*
* @Title: writeDoc
* @Description: TODO(将document格式化输出到指定的文件中)
* @return void 返回类型
* @param document
* @param filename
*/
public void writeDoc(Document document, String filename) {
OutputStream outputStream = null;
XMLWriter xmlWriter = null;
try {
// 输出流
outputStream = new FileOutputStream(filename);

// 输出格式
// 设置文件编码
OutputFormat xmlFormat = new OutputFormat();
xmlFormat.setEncoding("UTF-8");
// 设置换行
xmlFormat.setNewlines(true);
// 生成缩进
xmlFormat.setIndent(true);
// 使用4个空格进行缩进, 可以兼容文本编辑器
xmlFormat.setIndent("    ");

xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(outputStream, xmlFormat);
xmlWriter.write(document);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
xmlWriter.close();
outputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

/**
*
* @Title: writeDoc
* @Description: TODO(将document格式化输出控制台)
* @return void 返回类型
* @param document
*/
public void writeDoc(Document document) {
XMLWriter xmlWriter = null;
try {
// 输出格式
// 设置文件编码
OutputFormat xmlFormat = new OutputFormat();
xmlFormat.setEncoding("UTF-8");
// 设置换行
xmlFormat.setNewlines(true);
// 生成缩进
xmlFormat.setIndent(true);
// 使用4个空格进行缩进, 可以兼容文本编辑器
xmlFormat.setIndent("    ");

xmlWriter = new XMLWriter(xmlFormat);
xmlWriter.write(document);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
xmlWriter.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

/**
*
* @Title: docToXml
* @Description: TODO(文档转为xml字符串)
* @return String 返回类型
* @param document
* @return
*/
public String docToXml(Document document) {
return document.asXML();
}

/**
*
* @Title: xmlToDocument
* @Description: TODO(xml字符串转为document)
* @return Document 返回类型
* @param xml
* @return
* @throws DocumentException
*/
public Document xmlToDocument(String xml) throws DocumentException {
return DocumentHelper.parseText(xml);
}

/**
*
* @Title: styleDocument
* @Description: TODO(格式转换（未测试，不清楚功能）)
* @return Document    返回类型
* @param document
* @param stylesheet
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Document styleDocument(Document document, String stylesheet) throws Exception {
// load the transformer using JAXP
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(new StreamSource(stylesheet));

// now lets style the given document
DocumentSource source = new DocumentSource(document);
DocumentResult result = new DocumentResult();
transformer.transform(source, result);

// return the transformed document
Document transformedDoc = result.getDocument();
return transformedDoc;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
Dom4jDemo dom4jDemo = new Dom4jDemo();

// 将document写入xml文件中
dom4jDemo.writeDoc(dom4jDemo.createDoc(), "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\catalog.xml");

// 测试增、删、改、查docuemnt中的节点，使用xpath
try {
dom4jDemo.updateDoc("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\catalog.xml");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

// 使用Iterators遍历节点
dom4jDemo.parserXml("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\catalog.xml");
}

}