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JavaScript 数组添加、删除、排序、转换

2017-11-12 11:13 417 查看
添加

push(元素)，从尾部添加

unshift(元素)，从头部添加

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[1,2,3];

arr.push(4);

alert(arr);

</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[1,2,3];

arr.unshift(4);

alert(arr);

</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


删除

pop()，从尾部弹出

shift()，从头部弹出

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[1,2,3];

arr.pop();

alert(arr);

</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[1,2,3];

arr.shift();

alert(arr);

</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


排序

sort([比较函数])，排序一个数组

排序一个字符串数组

排序一个数字数组

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=['float', 'zindex', 'xy', 'absolute', 'blue', 'leo'];

arr.sort();

alert(arr);//按字母顺序排序
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[96, 8, 12, 72, 33, 118];

arr.sort(function (num1, num2){
return num1-num2;
});

alert(arr);//大小排序
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


转换类

concat(数组2)

连接两个数组

join(分隔符)

用分隔符，组合数组元素，生成字符串

字符串split

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
/*var str1='abc';
var str2='123';

alert(str1+str2);*/

var arr1=[1,2,3];
var arr2=[6,7,8];

alert(arr1.concat(arr2));
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[1,2,3,4];

alert(arr.join(':'));
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var str='12-4-5-8';
var arr=str.split('-');

//'12-4-5'.split('-')   ['12','4','5']

alert(arr[0]+arr[1]);

</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


splice

splice(开始, 长度,元素…)

先删除，后插入

删除

splice(开始,长度)

插入

splice(开始, 0, 元素…)

替换

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<style>
</style>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>无标题文档</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var arr=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8];

//1.中间删除
/*arr.splice(2, 3);
alert(arr);*/

//2.中间插入
/*arr.splice(5, 0, 'a', 'b', 'c');
alert(arr);*/

//3.替换
arr.splice(1, 2, 'a', 'b');
alert(arr);
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>


参考：JavaScript
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