使用paramiko中 not found in known_hosts的错误解决

执行代码如下

$ cat paramiko-demo1.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import paramiko

hostname='192.168.4.71'

username='username'

password='password'

paramiko.util.log_to_file('syslogin.log')

ssh=paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh.load_system_host_keys()

ssh.connect(hostname=hostname,username=username,password=password)

stdin,stdout,stderr=ssh.exec_command('free -m')

print stdout.read()

ssh.close

执行报错

$ python paramiko-demo1.py

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "paramiko-demo1.py", line 10, in <module>

    ssh.connect(hostname=hostname,username=username,password=password)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 361, in connect

    server_key)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 648, in missing_host_key

    raise SSHException('Server %r not found in known_hosts' % hostname)

paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: Server '192.168.4.71' not found in known_hosts

进入python环境,调试代码如下

$ python

Python 2.7.5 (default, Aug  4 2017, 00:39:18)

[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import paramiko

>>> ssh=paramiko.SSHClient()

>>> ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.4.71',username='username',password='password')

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 361, in connect

    server_key)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 648, in missing_host_key

    raise SSHException('Server %r not found in known_hosts' % hostname)

paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: Server '192.168.4.71' not found in known_hosts

>>> ssh.load_system_host_keys()

>>> ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.4.71',username='clusteruser',password='clusteruser6se4')

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 361, in connect

    server_key)

  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 648, in missing_host_key

    raise SSHException('Server %r not found in known_hosts' % hostname)

paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: Server '192.168.4.71' not found in known_hosts

>>> ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

>>> ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.4.71',port=22,username='username',password='password',compress=True)

>>> stdin,stdout,stderr=ssh.exec_command('hostname;uptime')

>>> print stdout.read()

192.168.4.71

 21:49:19 up 15 days, 10:27,  0 users,  load average: 0.01, 0.03, 0.05

>>> ssh.close()

显然加入

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.4.71',port=22,username='username',password='password',compress=True)

这两条代码后，完成了功能。

set_missing_host_key_policy方法，是制定连接远程主机没有本地密钥或HostKeys对象是的策略，有三种策略：

1、AutoAddPolicy,自动添加主机名及主机密钥到本地HostKeys对象，并保存，不依赖load_system_host_keys()的配置，即使~/.ssh/known_hosts不存在也不产生影响。
2、WarningPolicy,用于记录一个未知的主机密钥的python警告，并接受它，功能上与AutoAddPolicy相似，但未知主机会有告警

3、RejectPolicy,自动拒绝不知的主机名和密钥，依赖 load_system_host_keys()的配置