python调用zabbix api接口实时展示数据

python调用zabbix api接口实时展示数据

准备自已做一个运维管理平台，其中的监控部分，打算调用zabbix api接口来进行展示。

经过思考之后，计划获取如下内容：

    1、  获得认证密钥

    2、  获取zabbix所有的主机组

    3、  获取单个组下的所有主机

    4、  获取某个主机下的所有监控项

    5、  获取某个监控项的历史数据

    6、  获取某个监控项的最新数据

 

计划最后展示框架如下内容（这只是值方面，其它的会再加）：

主机组1 ----主机名1---监控项1----当前值

                  ---监控项2----当前值

       ----主机名2----监控项1----当前值

                 ----监控项2----当前值

主机组2 ----主机名3---监控项1----当前值

                  ---监控项2----当前值

       ----主机名4----监控项1----当前值

                  ----监控项2----当前值

 

进入正题

1.     user.login方法获取zabbix server的认证结果

官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.2/manual/api/reference/user/login

# vim auth.py内容如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python2.7

#coding=utf-8

import json

import urllib2

from urllib2 import URLError

# based url and required header

url = "http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

# auth user and password

data = json.dumps(

{

   "jsonrpc": "2.0",

   "method": "user.login",

   "params": {

   "user": "Admin",

   "password": "zabbix"

},

"id": 0

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(url,data)

for key in header:

   request.add_header(key,header[key])

# auth and get authid

try:

   result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

except URLError as e:

   print "Auth Failed, Please Check Your Name AndPassword:",e.code

else:

   response = json.loads(result.read())

   result.close()

print"Auth Successful. The Auth ID Is:",response['result']

 

python脚本运行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# python auth.py


Auth Successful. The Auth ID Is: 0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9

 


 

curl命令:

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":

"2.0","method":"user.login","params":{"user":"Admin","password":"zabbix"},"auth":

null,"id":0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
 

curl命令运行结果：

{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":"9f08062e9315803e94dbd6a5f1828a45","id":0}

 

 

2.     hostgroup.get方法获取所有主机组ID

把认证密钥放到脚本中，每次获取数据时都需要认证。此处是获取zabbix server上的所有主机组名称与ID号。

官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.2/manual/api/reference/hostgroup/get

python脚本：

[root@Xururu ~]# vim get_hostgroup_list.py

内容如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python2.7

#coding=utf-8

import json

import urllib2

from urllib2 import URLError

# based url and required header

url = "http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

# request json

data = json.dumps(

{

   "jsonrpc":"2.0",

   "method":"hostgroup.get",

   "par
4000
ams":{

       "output":["groupid","name"],

   },

   "auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string

   "id":1,

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(url,data)

for key in header:

   request.add_header(key,header[key])

# get host list

try:

   result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

except URLError as e:

   if hasattr(e, 'reason'):

       print 'We failed to reach a server.'

       print 'Reason: ', e.reason

   elif hasattr(e, 'code'):

       print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'

       print 'Error code: ', e.code

else:

   response = json.loads(result.read())

   result.close()

   print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result'])

   #print response

   for group in response['result']:

       print "Group ID:",group['groupid'],"\tGroupName:",group['name']

 

python脚本执行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# python get_hostgroup_list.py

Number Of Hosts:  6

Group ID: 5 GroupName: Discovered hosts

Group ID: 7 GroupName: Hypervisors

Group ID: 2 GroupName: Linux servers

Group ID: 1 GroupName: Templates

Group ID: 6 GroupName: Virtual machines

Group ID: 4 GroupName: Zabbix servers

 


 

curl命令：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc": "2.0","method":"hostgroup.get","params":{"output":["groupid","name"]},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id": 0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
curl命令运行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc": "2.0","method":"hostgroup.get","params":{"output":["groupid","name"]},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id": 0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2017 01:54:39 GMT

Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) OpenSSL/1.0.1e-fips PHP/5.4.16

X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.16

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *

Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type

Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST

Access-Control-Max-Age: 1000

Content-Length: 270

Content-Type: application/json

 

{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[{"groupid":"5","name":"Discovered hosts"},{"groupid":"7","name":"Hypervisors"},{"groupid":"2","name":"Linux servers"},{"groupid":"1","name":"Templates"},{"groupid":"6","name":"Virtual machines"},{"groupid":"4","name":"Zabbix
servers"}],"id":0}

 

 

3.     host.get方法获取单个主机组下所有的主机ID。

根据标题2中获取到的主机组id，把主机组id填入到下边脚本中，就可以获得该主机组下所有的主机id。

官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.2/manual/api/reference/host/get

 

python脚本：

[root@Xururu ~]# vim get_group_one.py

 

#!/usr/bin/env python2.7

#coding=utf-8

import json

import urllib2

from urllib2 import URLError

# based url and required header

url = "http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

# request json

data = json.dumps(

{

   "jsonrpc":"2.0",

   "method":"host.get",

   "params":{

       "output":["hostid","name"],

       "groupids":"14", ###修改此处

   },

   "auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string

   "id":1,

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(url,data)

for key in header:

   request.add_header(key,header[key])

# get host list

try:

   result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

except URLError as e:

   if hasattr(e, 'reason'):

       print 'We failed to reach a server.'

       print 'Reason: ', e.reason

   elif hasattr(e, 'code'):

       print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'

       print 'Error code: ', e.code

else:

   response = json.loads(result.read())

   result.close()

   print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result'])

   for host in response['result']:

       print "Host ID:",host['hostid'],"HostName:",host['name']

       

python脚本执行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# python get_group_one.py

Number Of Hosts:  0

 

 

curl命令：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"host.get","params":{"output":["hostid","name"],"groupids":"14"},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id":
0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
 

curl命令执行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"host.get","params":{"output":["hostid","name"],"groupids":"14"},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id": 0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2017 02:14:19 GMT

Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) OpenSSL/1.0.1e-fips PHP/5.4.16

X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.16

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *

Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type

Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST

Access-Control-Max-Age: 1000

Content-Length: 36

Content-Type: application/json

 

{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[],"id":0}

 

 

 

4.     itemsid.get方法获取单个主机下所有的监控项ID

根据标题3中获取到的所有主机id与名称，找到你想要获取的主机id，获取它下面的所有items。

官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.2/manual/api/reference/item

 

python脚本：

[root@Xururu ~]# vim get_items.py

 

#!/usr/bin/env python2.7

#coding=utf-8

import json

import urllib2

from urllib2 import URLError

# based url and required header

url = "http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

# request json

data = json.dumps(

{

   "jsonrpc":"2.0",

   "method":"item.get",

   "params":{

       "output":["itemids","key_"],

       "hostids":"10146",###修改此处

   },

   "auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string

   "id":1,

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(url,data)

for key in header:

   request.add_header(key,header[key])

# get host list

try:

   result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

except URLError as e:

   if hasattr(e, 'reason'):

    
c0a6
   print 'We failed to reach a server.'

       print 'Reason: ', e.reason

   elif hasattr(e, 'code'):

       print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'

       print 'Error code: ', e.code

else:

   response = json.loads(result.read())

   result.close()

   print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result'])

   for host in response['result']:

       print host

       #print "Host ID:",host['hostid'],"HostName:",host['name']

 

 

python脚本运行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# python get_items.py

Number Of Hosts:  0

 

 

curl命令：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"item.get","params":{"output":"itemids","hostids":"10146","search":{"key_":"net.if.out[eth2]"}},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id":
0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
 

curl命令执行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"item.get","params":{"output":"itemids","hostids":"10146","search":{"key_":"net.if.out[eth2]"}},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id":
0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2017 02:25:37 GMT

Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) OpenSSL/1.0.1e-fips PHP/5.4.16

X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.16

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *

Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type

Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST

Access-Control-Max-Age: 1000

Content-Length: 36

Content-Type: application/json

 

{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[],"id":0}  ### 执行结果

 

 

 

5.     history.get方法获取单个监控项的历史数据

根据第4项的获取到的所有items id的值，找到想要监控的那项，获取它的历史数据。

官方地址：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.2/manual/api/reference/history/get

python脚本：

[root@Xururu ~]# vim get_items_history.py

 

#!/usr/bin/env python2.7

#coding=utf-8

import json

import urllib2

from urllib2 import URLError

# based url and required header

url = "http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

# request json

data = json.dumps(

{

   "jsonrpc":"2.0",

   "method":"history.get",

   "params":{

       "output":"extend",

       "history":3,

       "itemids":"25159",

       "limit":10

   },

   "auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9", # theauth id is what auth script returns, remeber it is string

   "id":1,

})

# create request object

request = urllib2.Request(url,data)

for key in header:

   request.add_header(key,header[key])

# get host list

try:

   result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

except URLError as e:

   if hasattr(e, 'reason'):

       print 'We failed to reach a server.'

       print 'Reason: ', e.reason

   elif hasattr(e, 'code'):

       print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'

       print 'Error code: ', e.code

else:

   response = json.loads(result.read())

   result.close()

   print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(response['result'])

   for host in response['result']:

       print host

       #print "Host ID:",host['hostid'],"HostName:",host['name']

 

 

Python脚本执行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# python get_items_history.py

Number Of Hosts:  0

 

 

curl命令：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"history.get","params":{"history":3,"itemids":"25154","output":"extend","limit":10},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id":
0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
 

curl命令执行结果：

[root@Xururu ~]# curl -i -X POST -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"history.get","params":{"history":3,"itemids":"25154","output":"extend","limit":10},"auth":"0c29d9efcee2ce856c41431d0dcd60d9","id":
0}' http://127.0.0.1/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2017 02:34:44 GMT

Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) OpenSSL/1.0.1e-fips PHP/5.4.16

X-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.16

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *

Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type

Access-Control-Allow-Methods: POST

Access-Control-Max-Age: 1000

Content-Length: 36

Content-Type: application/json

 

{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[],"id":0}

 

 

 

6.     history.get方法获取单个监控项最后的值

只需把上个脚本中或curl中的limit参数改为1就可。

 

 

此时监控项的数据已拿到了，接下来的把它传给前台展示就行了。