python文件常用操作

python （glob os.path）常用文件操作：

python excel 操作

python批量重命名目录下（单个或者多个）文件

目录以及文件名的一些操作(获取文件名不要扩展名without extension)

text 文件的读取

例如：



前面测试图片识别的时候需要将测试结果写到excel中



像这样批量重命名文件的话在linux中有很多常用的命令具体看我的bolg

直接上代码了

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
from os import listdir
from os.path import isfile, join
import glob
import os
import errno
from xlwt import *
import time

def make_dir_not_exists(path):
try:
os.makedirs(path)
except OSError as exception:
if exception.errno != errno.EEXIST:
raise

def get_line_lst(filename):
"""
return list of every line in file
:param filename the file to be readed
like '../dataset/dataset.txt':
:return like [['line1 1'], ['line2 2']]:
"""
lst = []
with open(filename) as fp:
for line in fp:
lst.append(line)

return lst

def write_list_excel(file_name, title_lst, row_lst):
# excel operator handler
excel_handler = Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
excel_sheet_name = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
excel_sheet = excel_handler.add_sheet(excel_sheet_name)

# write title
col_idx = 0
for item in title_lst:
excel_sheet.write(0, col_idx, item)
col_idx += 1

# write row contents, index->row
row_idx = 1
for row in row_lst:
col_idx = 0
for item in row:
excel_sheet.write(row_idx, col_idx, item)
col_idx += 1
row_idx += 1

# write/save excel to file
excel_handler.save(file_name)

def test_write_list_excel():
file = 'F:/test.xlsx'
title_lst = ['姓名', '性别', '年龄', ]
row_lst = [['熊大', '男', 10], ['熊2', '男', '15'], ['强哥', '男', 25]]
write_list_excel(file, title_lst, row_lst)

def batch_rename_files_in_dir():
"""
signal level dir
:return:
"""
base_dir = 'F:/ad_samples/img_voice_test/tencent_img/violence_samples/'
file_list = glob.glob(base_dir + "*.jpg")
i = 0
for f in file_list:
os.rename(f, os.path.join(base_dir, str(i) + '.jpg'))
i += 1

def batch_rename():
"""
two-level dir
added 2017/8/17, rename dir hello.jpg
:return:
"""
# base_dir = 'F:/ad_samples/test_samples/'
sub_dir_list = glob.glob(base_dir + '*')
# print sub_dir_list ['F:/dir1', 'F:/dir2']
for dir_item in sub_dir_list:
files = glob.glob(dir_item + '/*.jpg')
i = 0
if len(files) == 0:
continue
for f in files:
# fname = 'xx' + str(i)
os.rename(f, os.path.join(dir_item, str(i) + '.jpg'))
i += 1

def get_file_name():
file_path = 'E:/img/10.jpg'
print os.path.basename(file_path)
# 10.jpg

head, tail = os.path.split(file_path)
print head, tail
# E:/img 10.jpg

print os.path.splitext(file_path)
# ('E:/img/10', '.jpg')
print os.path.splitext(file_path)[0]
# E:/img/10

base = os.path.basename(file_path)
# 10.jpg
print os.path.splitext(base)
# ('10', '.jpg')
print os.path.splitext(base)[0]
# 10

def all_subdir_join():
"""
more details of sub dir search visits https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2186525/use-a-glob-to-find-files-recursively-in-python :return:
"""
base_dir = 'F:/ad_samples/train_samples/others/'
sub_dir_lst = glob.glob(base_dir + "*")
# ['F:/dir1', 'F:/dir2']
new_sub_dir = [os.path.join(base_dir, item + '_flip') for item in os.listdir(base_dir)]
# ['F:/dir1_flip', 'F:/dir2_flip']
# find all the .c files in the dir of src
glob.glob(os.path.join('src', '*.c'))

# find all the .c files in the one level subdir of src
glob.glob(os.path.join('src', '*', '*.c'))
# print os.listdir(base_dir)
# ['dir1', 'dir2']
# print glob.glob(base_dir + "*")
# ['F:/dir1', 'F:/dir2']

def get_all_files_name_in_dir(dir):
files = [f for f in listdir(dir)]
# like ['1.jpg', '10.jpg', '2.jpg', 'dir']

files = [f for f in listdir(dir) if isfile(join(dir, f))]
# doesn't contain directory
# like ['1.jpg', '10.jpg', '2.jpg']
files = [join(dir, f) for f in listdir(dir) if isfile(join(dir, f))]
# like ['E:/img\\1.jpg', 'E:/img\\10.jpg', 'E:/img\\2.jpg']

files = [f for f in listdir(dir) if f.endswith('.jpg')]
# like ['1.jpg', '10.jpg', '2.jpg']

files = glob.glob(dir + '/*.jpg')
# like ['E:/img\\1.jpg', 'E:/img\\10.jpg', 'E:/img\\2.jpg']
os.chdir(dir)
files = glob.glob('*.jpg')
# like ['1.jpg', '10.jpg', '2.jpg']
return files

if __name__ == '__main__':
# batch_rename()
batch_rename_files_in_dir()
test_write_list_excel()
# get_file_name()
# print get_all_files_name_in_dir('E:/rectimg')