【原创】Selenium学习系列之（四）—Selenium 调试和语言转换

调试

在录制 Selenium脚本完成后，回放时不一定能顺利执行完成，总会遇到这样或那样的问题，但一般80%的问题都是由于element找不到导致的，这时就需要我们耐心来调试。

以下图为例，脚本执行到verifyText这一步时报错了（报错的步骤会以红色背景色显示），点选【Log】标签，查看log显示 ‘[error] Element //td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/font/b not found’， 提示的原因是由于在页面没有找到这个特定元素。一般来说，如果verifyText失败有两种可能，一种是 Locator可能写错了，一种是之前的步骤有错误导致根本没有到达这个页面，所以找不到。





先来验证第一种。我们手动操作login 系统，然后选中这条verifyText命令，点选【find】按钮，若 提示[error] locator not found: //td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/table/tbody/tr/td/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[2]/font/b， 那么说明我们locator写的不正确，需要改正。否则，命令执行成功并且element以高亮显示，则说明locator没有问题。

排除了第一种可能，开始验证第二种可能。这样的话就需要一步步仔细排查了，首先检查上一个页面是否正确。通过查看我们发现 定义变量时 变量名称为LoginName，而使用时 变量名称误写为Loginname（注意 要区分大小写），这样脚本执行时 LoginID输入的就是空值，导致登录失败，所以element肯定找不到了。

语言转换

Selenium是可以支持多种语言的，包括C#，Java，Python和Ruby等。一般我们录制的是以html形式存储的，但是为了显示直观一般以Table形式显示在UI，但selenium给我们提供了选项可以将其转为C#/Java/Python/Ruby 等。下图所示，是将我们的loginTestCase 转为Java/Junit4脚本，关于Java/Junit4 ，我们在后面的章节讲webdriver时会讲到的，在这边文章的最后 我会附一个 Java/Junit4 test script，大家可以先看一下。

录制生成的Table样式





录制生成的HTML





转换操作





 

附 Junit4 script:

Java

package common;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

public class Login {

private WebDriver driver;

// login url
private String url = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/login.jsp";

// login successfull page
private String loginUrl = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/siteLogon.eppic";
// The main page
private String mainUrl = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/main.eppic";

// login username and password
/*private String uname = "global";
private String pwd = "global";*/

// The login button
private String loginImgName = "login.gif";

public void loginSuccess(String uname,String pwd){

driver = SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();

// Navigate to login URL.
driver.get(url);

// Input user name and password,then click login.
driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname);
driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd);
driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();

System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());

// Set checkpoint to verify if login successfully
if (driver.getCurrentUrl().trim().contains(loginUrl)) {

System.out.println("##Successful## Login successfully.");
driver.get(mainUrl); // Direct to navigate the main page in order to
// skip the change password page
} else {
System.out.println("##Failed## Loging failed.");
System.out.println("##The logon failed url is"
+ driver.getCurrentUrl());
}

}

public void loginFailed(String uname,String pwd,String errorMsgExpected){

driver = SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();
driver.get(url);

// login with blank user name and blank password
driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname);
driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd);
driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();

// Verify 'Please fill in login and password.' by the junit's assertEquals method.
String errorMsgText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']")).getText();
assertEquals(errorMsgText, errorMsgExpected);

// Verify the 'Please fill in login and password.' by the if else statement.
List<WebElement> errorMsg;
errorMsg = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']"));

if (errorMsg.size() > 0) {
for (WebElement msgText : errorMsg) {
if (msgText.getText().trim().equals(errorMsgExpected)) {
System.out
.println("##TestSuccessful## Login with "+uname+"/"+pwd+ " error msg :"
+ msgText.getText());
} else {
System.out
.println("##TestFailed##Login with "+uname +"/"+pwd+ " error msg :"
+ msgText.getText());
}
}
}
}
}

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

package common;   import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;   import java.util.List;   import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;   public class Login {   private WebDriver driver;   // login url private String url = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/login.jsp";   // login successfull page private String loginUrl = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/siteLogon.eppic"; // The main page private String mainUrl = "http://10.237.89.33:58531/ctwicmanage/main.eppic";   // login username and password /*private String uname = "global"; private String pwd = "global";*/   // The login button private String loginImgName = "login.gif";   public void loginSuccess(String uname,String pwd){   driver = SetUpDriver.getWebDriver();   // Navigate to login URL. driver.get(url);   // Input user name and password,then click login. driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname); driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd); driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();   System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());   // Set checkpoint to verify if login successfully if (driver.getCurrentUrl().trim().contains(loginUrl)) {   System.out.println("##Successful## Login successfully."); driver.get(mainUrl); // Direct to navigate the main page in order to // skip the change password page } else { System.out.println("##Failed## Loging failed."); System.out.println("##The logon failed url is" + driver.getCurrentUrl()); }   }   public void loginFailed(String uname,String pwd,String errorMsgExpected){   driver = SetUpDriver.getWebDriver(); driver.get(url);   // login with blank user name and blank password driver.findElement(By.name("login")).sendKeys(uname); driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys(pwd); driver.findElement(By.name(loginImgName)).click();   // Verify 'Please fill in login and password.' by the junit's assertEquals method. String errorMsgText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']")).getText(); assertEquals(errorMsgText, errorMsgExpected);   // Verify the 'Please fill in login and password.' by the if else statement. List<WebElement> errorMsg; errorMsg = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//font[@class='ebt_error']"));   if (errorMsg.size() > 0) { for (WebElement msgText : errorMsg) { if (msgText.getText().trim().equals(errorMsgExpected)) { System.out .println("##TestSuccessful## Login with "+uname+"/"+pwd+ " error msg :" + msgText.getText()); } else { System.out .println("##TestFailed##Login with "+uname +"/"+pwd+ " error msg :" + msgText.getText()); } } } } }