Centos7.2/Linux下搭建LAMP环境的搭建&配置虚拟主机

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LAMP环境：Linux+Apahce+Mysql+PHP的web服务器环境。

(一).准备工作

1.下载并安装CentOS7.2，配置好网络环境，确保centos能上网，可以获取到yum源(阿里云服务器已配置好,不需要自己动手)

2.配置防火墙，开启21、80、3306端口。CentOS 7.0默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙，这里改为iptables防火墙。

#停止firewall服务 输入命令

systemctl stop firewalld.service

#禁止firewall开机启动 输入命令

systemctl disable firewalld.service

#安装iptables防火墙 输入命令:

yum install iptables-services

#编辑防火墙配置文件 输入命令

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

#打开后,在 -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT 下方添加:

-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

#保存退出

#最后重启防火墙使配置生效

systemctl restart iptables.service

#设置防火墙开机启动

systemctl enable iptables.service

3. 关闭seinux(阿里云已配置好)

#修改配置文件

vi /etc/selinux/config

 

#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉

#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉

SELINUX=disabled #增加

:wq! #保存退出

#使配置立即生效

setenforce 0

(二).安装Lamp环境

1.安装apahce

yum install httpd

设置apache开机启动

systemctl enable httpd.service

重启apache服务

systemctl restart httpd.service

ps:可能会用到的：

systemctl start httpd.service #启动apache

systemctl stop httpd.service #停止apache

systemctl restart httpd.service #重启apache

systemctl enable httpd.service #设置apache开机启动

2.安装mysql(可不安装)

#由于yum源上没有mysql-server。所以必须去官网下载，这里 我们用wget命令，直接获取。依次输入下方三条命令:　　　　

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

yum install mysql-community-server

        

#安装完成后重启mysql,输入命令:

systemctl restart mysqld.service

#此时mysql的root用户没有密码：　　　　

[root@linuxidc-web linuxidc]# mysql -u root

#设置msyql密码为 123456

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('123456');

#远程连接设置，所有以root账号连接的远程用户，设其密码为 123456

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%'identified by '123456';

#更新权限

mysql>flush privileges;

#退出,mysql

exit 回车

3.安装php 输入命令:

yum install php

#安装PHP组件，使PHP支持mysql 输入命令:

yum install php-mysql php-gd libjpeg* php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-bcmath php-mhash

#重启对应服务

systemctl restart mysqld.service

systemctl restart httpd.service

(三.)配置虚拟主机

1.创建自定义网站根目录

mkdir /home/webroot

2.打开httpd主配置文件

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

3.找到以下代码

<Directory "/var/www">

    AllowOverride None

    # Allow open access:

    Require all granted

</Directory>

将其改为:

<Directory "/home/webroot">

    AllowOverride All

    # Allow open access:

    Require all granted

</Directory>

4.找到以下代码

<Directory "/var/www/html">

    #

    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",

    # or any combination of:

    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

    #

    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"

    # doesn't give it to you.

    #

    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see

    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.

    #

    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #

    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:

    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

    #

    AllowOverride None

    #

    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.

    #

    Require all granted

</Directory>

改为[Options -Indexes为禁止访问目录列表]:

<Directory "/home/webroot">

    #

    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",

    # or any combination of:

    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews

    #

    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"

    # doesn't give it to you.

    #

    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see

    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.

    #

    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    Options -Indexes

    #

    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.

    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:

    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit

    #

    AllowOverride None

    #

    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.

    #

    Require all granted

</Directory>

5.追加自动压缩网页代码功能,在主配置文件继续加入

# Gzip

<IfModule deflate_module>

    SetOutputFilter DEFLATE

    SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:gif|jpe?g|png)$ no-gzip dont-vary

    SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:exe|t?gz|zip|bz2|sit|rar)$ no-gzip dont-vary

    SetEnvIfNoCase Request_URI .(?:pdf|mov|avi|mp3|mp4|rm)$ no-gzip dont-vary

    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/*

    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/ms* application/vnd* application/postscript application/javascript appliction/x-javascript

    AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-httpd-php application/x-httpd-fastphp

</IfModule>

6.建立一个项目目录

mkdir /home/webroot/demo

7.进入apache子配置文件夹,建立对应的项目配置文件

cd /etc/httpd/conf.d

vim demo.conf

8.在打开的配置文件中,输入以下代码

<VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot "/home/webroot/demo"

    ServerName 你的公网IP

</VirtualHost>

ps:如果已经申请下域名,则输入以下代码(上方作废),允许r-collar.com www.r-collar.com两种方式的域名访问,并禁止直接访问服务器IP的方式访问项目

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName 你的公网IP

    <Location />

        Order Allow,Deny

        Deny from all

   </Location>

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot "/home/webroot/demo"

    ServerName r-collar.com

</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot "/home/webroot/demo"

    ServerName www.r-collar.com

</VirtualHost>

9.重启apache

systemctl restart httpd.service

注:此方式是基于端口实现的虚拟主机,如要添加新端口来访问新项目,还需要注意去主配置文件httpd.conf给新端口添加监听,并在防火墙中允许新端口的访问.

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