您的位置:首页 > 编程语言 > Python开发

LeetCode 84 Largest Rectangle in Histogram (Python详解及实现)

2017-08-09 15:34 666 查看
【题目】

Given n non-negative integers representingthe histogram's bar height where the width of each bar is 1, find the area oflargest rectangle in the histogram.

Above is a histogram where width of eachbar is 1, given height = [2,1,5,6,2,3].

The largest rectangle is shown in theshaded area, which has area = 10 unit.

 

For example,

Given heights = [2,1,5,6,2,3],

return 10.

 

【思路】

用栈来模拟,遍历heights数组,并比较与栈顶元素stack[-1]的大小:

l  大于栈顶元素,就push进去;

l  等于栈顶元素,则忽略

l  小于栈顶元素,持续弹栈,并记录这个高度的最大面积,直至栈为空。然后将弹出的数全部替换为降序点的值,即做到了整体依然是有序非降的。

整个过程中,即把所有的局部最大矩阵计算过了,又在宽度范围内保留了全部的场景。

宽度=当前索引-前索引

例,2,1,5,6,3的模拟过程。

先加入一个0,方便最后可以全部弹栈出来。变成:2,1,5,6,2,3.

u  2进栈,stack = [2],maxArea = 0;

u  1比栈顶元素stack[-1]小,2出栈,maxArea = 2*1 =2;2被替换为1进栈,1继续进栈,stack = [1,1] ,maxArea =2;

u  5比栈顶元素stack[-1]大,5进栈,栈为stack = [1,1,5] ,maxArea =2;

u  6比栈顶元素stack[-1]大,6进栈,栈为stack = [1,1,5,6] ,maxArea =2;

u  2比栈顶元素stack[-1]小,是一个降序点;此时栈长为4,开始弹栈,6出栈,maxArea =6*1=6(当前height*1(4-数字6在栈中的下标));接着判断,2比栈顶元素5小,5出栈maxArea =5*2=6(当前height = 5,width =4-2=2(4-数字5在栈中的下标));下一个1比,2小,不需出栈。然后将弹出5、6的空位压栈为2,2继续入栈,stack = [1,1,2,2,2],maxArea = 10;

u  3比栈顶元素2大,入栈,stack = [1,1,2,2,2,3],maxArea = 10;

u  最后判断每个点作为起始点的最大面积,max(height[i]*(size-i))=max{3*1, 2*2, 2*3, 2*4, 1*5, 1*6}= 8 < 10。遍历结束。整个过程中max的area为10.

 

【Python实现】

方法一:暴力算法,全部遍历(TLE)

class Solution:

   """:type heights: List[int]

       :rtype: int

       """

   def largestRectangleArea(self, height):

       maxArea=0

       for i in range(len(height)):

           min = height[i]

           for j in range(i, len(height)):

                if height[j] < min:

                    min = height[j]

                if min*(j-i+1) > maxArea:

                    maxArea = min*(j-i+1)

       return maxArea

if __name__ == '__main__':

    S= Solution()

   heights = [2,1,5,6,2,3]

   maxarea = S.largestRectangleArea(heights)

   print(maxarea)

 

方法二:栈模拟                           

class Solution:

   """:type heights: List[int]

       :rtype: int

       """

   def largestRectangleArea(self, heights):

       maxArea = 0

       stack = []

       i = 0

       while i < len(heights):

           if len(stack) == 0 or stack[-1] <= heights[i]:

                stack.append(heights[i])

           else:

                count = 0

                while len(stack) > 0 andstack[-1] > heights[i]:#height[i]小于栈顶元素

                    count += 1

                    maxArea = max(maxArea,stack[-1]*count)

                    stack.pop()#栈顶元素出栈

                while count > 0:#将当前height入栈

                    count -= 1

                    stack.append(heights[i])

                stack.append(heights[i])

           i += 1

       count = 1

       while len(stack) != 0:

           maxArea = max(maxArea, stack[-1]*count)

           stack.pop()

           count += 1

       return maxArea

               

 

if __name__ == '__main__':

    S= Solution()

   heights = [2,1,5,6,2,3]

   maxarea = S.largestRectangleArea(heights)

   print(maxarea)

 

 

       

 
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签:  LeetCode Python