android6.0动态权限申请工具类

一、分析

android6.0后，仅在manifest.xml清单中配置相关权限时，如果将targetSdkVersion设置为23及以上，部分敏感权限需要动态申请后才能使用；如果不想处理6.0以上的适配，请将targetSdkVersion设置为22或以下；

这些敏感权限也是危险权限Dangerous-Permisson，能够获取到用户的隐私;

共9类

CALENDAR    日历
CAMERA      相机
CONTACTS    联系人
LOCATION    定位
MICROPHONE  麦克相关，比如录音
PHONE       手机状态
SENSORS     传感器
SMS         短信
STORAGE     存储权限

详细权限

group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

group:android.permission-group.PHONE
permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL

group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR

group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
permission:android.permission.CAMERA

group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO

group:android.permission-group.SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

二、代码

权限工具类

public class PermissionUtil {
/**
* 是否需要检查权限
*/
private static boolean needCheckPermission() {
return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M;
}

/**
* 获取sd存储卡读写权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getExternalStoragePermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
}

/**
* 获取拍照权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getCameraPermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
}
/**
* 获取麦克风权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getAudioPermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
}
/**
* 获取定位权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getLocationPermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
}
/**
* 获取读取联系人权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getContactsPermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS);
}
/**
* 获取发送短信权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getSendSMSPermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS);
}
/**
* 获取拨打电话权限
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限，没有自动申请
*/
public static boolean getCallPhonePermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
return requestPerssions(activity, requestCode, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE);
}

public static List<String> getDeniedPermissions(@NonNull Activity activity, @NonNull String... permissions) {
if (!needCheckPermission()) {
return null;
}
List<String> deniedPermissions = new ArrayList<>();
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
deniedPermissions.add(permission);
}
}
if (!deniedPermissions.isEmpty()) {
return deniedPermissions;
}

return null;
}

/**
* 是否拥有权限
*/
public static boolean hasPermissons(@NonNull Activity activity, @NonNull String... permissions) {
if (!needCheckPermission()) {
return true;
}
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}

/**
* 是否拒绝了再次申请权限的请求（点击了不再询问）
*/
public static boolean deniedRequestPermissonsAgain(@NonNull Activity activity, @NonNull String... permissions) {
if (!needCheckPermission()) {
return false;
}
List<String> deniedPermissions = getDeniedPermissions(activity, permissions);
for (String permission : deniedPermissions) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {

if (!ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, permission)) {
//当用户之前已经请求过该权限并且拒绝了授权这个方法返回true
return true;
}
}
}

return false;
}

/**
* 打开app详细设置界面<br/>
* <p>
* 在 onActivityResult() 中没有必要对 resultCode 进行判断，因为用户只能通过返回键才能回到我们的 App 中，<br/>
* 所以 resultCode 总是为 RESULT_CANCEL，所以不能根据返回码进行判断。<br/>
* 在 onActivityResult() 中还需要对权限进行判断，因为用户有可能没有授权就返回了！<br/>
*/
public static void startApplicationDetailsSettings(@NonNull Activity activity, int requestCode) {
Toast.makeText(activity, "点击权限，并打开全部权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", activity.getPackag
d0c8
eName(), null);
intent.setData(uri);
activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);

}

/**
* 申请权限<br/>
* 使用onRequestPermissionsResult方法，实现回调结果或者自己普通处理
*
* @return 是否已经获取权限
*/
public static boolean requestPerssions(Activity activity, int requestCode, String... permissions) {

if (!needCheckPermission()) {
return true;
}

if (!hasPermissons(activity, permissions)) {
if (deniedRequestPermissonsAgain(activity, permissions)) {
startApplicationDetailsSettings(activity, requestCode);
//返回结果onActivityResult
} else {
List<String> deniedPermissions = getDeniedPermissions(activity, permissions);
if (deniedPermissions != null) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, deniedPermissions.toArray(new String[deniedPermissions.size()]), requestCode);
//返回结果onRequestPermissionsResult
}
}
return false;
}
return true;
}

/**
* 申请权限返回方法
*/
public static void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
@NonNull int[] grantResults, @NonNull OnRequestPermissionsResultCallbacks callBack) {
// Make a collection of granted and denied permissions from the request.
List<String> granted = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> denied = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
String perm = permissions[i];
if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
granted.add(perm);
} else {
denied.add(perm);
}
}

if (null != callBack) {
if (!granted.isEmpty()) {
callBack.onPermissionsGranted(requestCode, granted, denied.isEmpty());
}
if (!denied.isEmpty()) {
callBack.onPermissionsDenied(requestCode, denied, granted.isEmpty());
}
}

}

/**
* 申请权限返回
*/
//    public interface OnRequestPermissionsResultCallbacks extends ActivityCompat.OnRequestPermissionsResultCallback {
public interface OnRequestPermissionsResultCallbacks {

/**
* @param isAllGranted 是否全部同意
*/
void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> perms, boolean isAllGranted);

/**
* @param isAllDenied 是否全部拒绝
*/
void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> perms, boolean isAllDenied);

}
}

在Activity中使用

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements PermissionUtil.OnRequestPermissionsResultCallbacks {

private final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
private final int REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA = 101;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

}

public void requestCameraPermisson(View view) {
//manifest.xml清单中需配置<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
//manifest.xml清单中需配置<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
//manifest.xml清单中需配置<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
PermissionUtil.requestPerssions(this, REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA, Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
PermissionUtil.getCameraPermissions(this, REQUEST_CODE_CAMERA);
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
PermissionUtil.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
}

@Override
public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> perms, boolean isAllGranted) {
Log.e(TAG,"同意:" + perms.size() + "个权限,isAllGranted=" + isAllGranted);
for (String perm : perms) {
Log.e(TAG,"同意:" + perm);
}
}

@Override
public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> perms, boolean isAllDenied) {
Log.e(TAG,"拒绝:" + perms.size() + "个权限,isAllDenied=" + isAllDenied);
for (String perm : perms) {
Log.e(TAG,"拒绝:" + perm);
}
}

public void goPermissionsSettings(View view) {
PermissionUtil.startApplicationDetailsSettings(this, 123);
}

public void isReadSMSPermissionDenied(View view) {
//manifest.xml清单中需配置<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
boolean isForbidden  = PermissionUtil.deniedRequestPermissonsAgain(this, Manifest.permission.READ_SMS);
Log.e(TAG,"读取短信权限是否禁止询问=" + isForbidden);
}

public void readSMS(View view) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> hashMaps = readAllSMS();
for (HashMap<String, String> hashMap : hashMaps) {
Log.e(TAG,hashMap.get("addr") + "," + hashMap.get("person") + "," + hashMap.get("body"));
}
}
}).run();
}

private Uri SMS_INBOX = Uri.parse("content://sms/");

private ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> readAllSMS() {
Cursor cursor = managedQuery(SMS_INBOX, new String[]{"address", "person", "body"},
null, null, null);
ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int addrIdx = cursor.getColumnIndex("address");
int personIdx = cursor.getColumnIndex("person");
int bodyIdx = cursor.getColumnIndex("body");
do {
String addr = cursor.getString(addrIdx);
String person = cursor.getString(personIdx);
String body = cursor.getString(bodyIdx);

HashMap<String, String> item = new HashMap<String, String>();
item.put("addr", addr);
item.put("person", person);
item.put("body", body);
list.add(item);
} while (cursor.moveToNext());
}
return list;
}

}