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Android与web后台进行数据交互的三种方式

2017-07-28 00:54 513 查看
无论是用哪种方式使Android与web后台进行数据交互,都需要在eclipes中写一个完整的操作流程,在这里,我是写了一个登录。(没有从数据库进行判断,而是直接把用户名和密码定死了),下面就是我的后台web端。你可以根据你的不同需求在jsp界面用你所需要的提交方式来写login,jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- <form action="login.do" method="get">
用户名:<input type="text" name="uname"/><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="upass"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form> -->

<form action="login.do" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="uname"/><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="upass"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
LoginServlet:
package com.lxj.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class Login extends HttpServlet{
//	@Override
//	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//		String uname=req.getParameter("uname");
//		String upass=req.getParameter("upass");
//
//		String a=null;
//		if("admin".equals(uname) && "123".equals(upass)){
//			a="succes";
//			System.out.println(a);
//		}else{
//			a="fail";
//			System.out.println(a);
//		}
//		PrintWriter pw=resp.getWriter();
//		pw.write(a);
//		pw.close();
//	}

@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String uname=req.getParameter("uname");
String upass=req.getParameter("upass");

String a=null;
if("admin".equals(uname) && "123".equals(upass)){
a="succes";
System.out.println(a);
}else{
a="fail";
System.out.println(a);
}
PrintWriter pw=resp.getWriter();
pw.write(a);
pw.close();
}
}
最后,还要记得在web.xml里面配置跳转路径
<servlet>
<servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.lxj.servlet.Login</servlet-class>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>login</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/login.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
第一:GET提交方式:    activity_main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?&
4000
gt;
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.android_getandpost.MainActivity">

<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入用户名"
android:id="@+id/uname"
/>

<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入密码"
android:id="@+id/upass"
/>

<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="登陆(Get)"
android:onClick="LoginGet"
/>

</LinearLayout>
MainActivity:package com.example.android_getandpost;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.Toast;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private EditText uname;private EditText upass;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);//获取用户名的iduname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);//获取密码的idupass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);}public void LoginGet(View view){//获取用户名的值String name=uname.getText().toString();//获取密码的值String pass=upass.getText().toString();//获取网络上的servlet路径String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";//调用getTask,把获取到的用户名,密码与路径放入方法中new getTask().execute(name,pass,path);}class getTask extends AsyncTask {@Overrideprotected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {//依次获取用户名,密码与路径String name = params[0].toString();String pass = params[1].toString();String path = params[2].toString();try {//获取网络上get方式提交的整个路径URL url = new URL(path + "?uname=" + name + "&upass=" + pass);//打开网络连接HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();//设置提交方式conn.setRequestMethod("GET");//设置网络超时时间conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);//获取结果码int code = conn.getResponseCode();if (code == 200) {//用io流与web后台进行数据交互InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();//字节流转字符流BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));//读出每一行的数据String s = br.readLine();//返回读出的每一行的数据return s;}} catch (MalformedURLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}@Overrideprotected void onPostExecute(Object o) {super.onPostExecute(o);//获取Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值String s= (String) o;//吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}第二:POST提交方式:activity_main2.xml:package com.example.android_getandpost;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.Toast;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private EditText uname;private EditText upass;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);//获取用户名的iduname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);//获取密码的idupass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);}public void LoginGet(View view){//获取用户名的值String name=uname.getText().toString();//获取密码的值String pass=upass.getText().toString();//获取网络上的servlet路径String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";//调用getTask,把获取到的用户名,密码与路径放入方法中new getTask().execute(name,pass,path);}class getTask extends AsyncTask {@Overrideprotected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {//依次获取用户名,密码与路径String name = params[0].toString();String pass = params[1].toString();String path = params[2].toString();try {//获取网络上get方式提交的整个路径URL url = new URL(path + "?uname=" + name + "&upass=" + pass);//打开网络连接HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();//设置提交方式conn.setRequestMethod("GET");//设置网络超时时间conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);//获取结果码int code = conn.getResponseCode();if (code == 200) {//用io流与web后台进行数据交互InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();//字节流转字符流BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));//读出每一行的数据String s = br.readLine();//返回读出的每一行的数据return s;}} catch (MalformedURLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}@Overrideprotected void onPostExecute(Object o) {super.onPostExecute(o);//获取Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值String s= (String) o;//吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}Main2Activity:package com.example.android_getandpost;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.Toast;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {private EditText upass;private EditText uname;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);//获取用户名的iduname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);//获取密码的idupass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);}public void LoginPost(View view){//获取用户名的值String name=uname.getText().toString();//获取密码的值String pass=upass.getText().toString();//获取网络上的servlet路径String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";//调用postTask,把获取到的用户名,密码与路径放入方法中new postTask().execute(name,pass,path);}class postTask extends AsyncTask{@Overrideprotected Object doInBackground(Object[] params) {//依次获取用户名,密码与路径String name=params[0].toString();String pass=params[1].toString();String path=params[2].toString();try {//获取网络上get方式提交的整个路径URL url=new URL(path);//打开网络连接HttpURLConnection conn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();//设置提交方式conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//设置网络超时时间conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);//界面上所有的参数名加上他的值String s="uname="+name+"&upass"+pass;//获取请求头conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",s.length()+"");//键是固定的conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");//键和值是固定的//设置允许对外输出数据conn.setDoOutput(true);//把界面上的所有数据写出去OutputStream os=conn.getOutputStream();os.write(s.getBytes());if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){//用io流与web后台进行数据交互InputStream is=conn.getInputStream();//字节流转字符流BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));//读出每一行的数据String str=br.readLine();//返回读出的每一行的数据return str;}} catch (MalformedURLException e) {e.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}@Overrideprotected void onPostExecute(Object o) {super.onPostExecute(o);//获取Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值String s= (String) o;//吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值Toast.makeText(Main2Activity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}第三:运用第三方(android-async-http-1.4.4.jar):首先,在项目中把jar包导入libs,然后右击选择add as library解压,再在build.gradle中的
compileSdkVersion 25
buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"上面加上这样一句代码:useLibrary 'org.apache.http.legacy',然后编译
以解决HttpClient导致不可以问题
activity_mian3.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.android_getandpost.Main3Activity">

<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入用户名"
android:id="@+id/uname"
/>

<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入密码"
android:id="@+id/upass"
/>

<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="登陆(AsyncHttpClient)"
android:onClick="LoginAsyncHttpClient"
/>

</LinearLayout>
Main3Activity:
package com.example.android_getandpost;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
import com.loopj.android.http.RequestHandle;
import com.loopj.android.http.RequestParams;
import com.loopj.android.http.TextHttpResponseHandler;

import org.apache.http.Header;

public class Main3Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

private EditText upass;
private EditText uname;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);
//获取用户名的id
uname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.uname);
//获取密码的id
upass = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.upass);
}

public void LoginAsyncHttpClient(View view){
//获取用户名的值
String name=uname.getText().toString();
//获取密码的值
String pass=upass.getText().toString();
//获取网络上的servlet路径
String path="http://193.168.3.16:8080/Login/login.do";
//使用第三方
AsyncHttpClient ahc=new AsyncHttpClient();
//请求参数
RequestParams params=new RequestParams();
//给请求参数设键和值(键的名字和web后台保持一致)
params.put("name",name);
params.put("pass",pass);
//设值提交方式
ahc.post(this,path,params,new TextHttpResponseHandler(){
@Override
public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody, Throwable error) {
super.onFailure(statusCode, headers, responseBody, error);
}

@Override
public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody) {
super.onSuccess(statusCode, headers, responseBody);
//吐司Android studio与web后台数据交互获得的值
Toast.makeText(Main3Activity.this, responseBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
//            @Override
//            public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, String responseBody) {
//                super.onSuccess(statusCode, headers, responseBody);
//
94b5
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, responseBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
//            }
//        });
}
}
我在运行的时候总是吐司不出东西,原因是因为我没有连局网

                                            
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