CentOS6 mininial 安装KVM 详细教程

原文链接摘要： CentOS6 最小化安装初始化后 安装KVM，并创建第一台kvm-1

CentOS6 mininial 安装KVM 详细教程

初始化设置

## 关闭防火墙和SELINUX

/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop
/etc/rc.d/init.d/ip6tables stop
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig ip6tables off

sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0

## 关闭不必要的服务

/etc/rc.d/init.d/netfs stop
chkconfig netfs off

## 更新系统

yum -y install yum-plugin-fastestmirror
yum -y update

## 添加EPEL源

rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm 
## 定时任务设置

yum -y install cronie-noanacron
# yum remove cronie-anacron -y

## 配置vim

yum -y install vim-enhanced lrzsz
#echo " alias vi='vim' " >>  /etc/profile
echo "alias vi='vim' " >> ~/.bashrc
#source /etc/profile
source ~/.bashrc

## 添加用户

useradd yunwei
echo anwg123. | passwd --stdin yunwei

安装依赖包

[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm libvirt python-virtinst bridge-utils
[root@kvm-1 ~]# lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel              54285  0
kvm                   333172  1 kvm_intel
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/libvirtd start
Starting libvirtd daemon: [ OK ]
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/messagebus start
Starting system message bus: [ OK ]
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# chkconfig libvirtd on
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# chkconfig messagebus on

配置桥接网络

# 网桥网卡配置
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em1 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0
HWADDR=14:18:77:40:29:D3
TYPE=Bridge
UUID=9e8e7f89-cfe9-40c6-b547-a08ee6da0864
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.1.125
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=114.114.114.114
# em1网卡配置
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-em1
# create new
DEVICE=em1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0
[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/network restart

查看网桥配置状态

[root@sh-kvm-1 ~]# ifconfig
br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:18:77:40:29:D3
inet addr:192.168.1.125  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1618:77ff:fe40:29d3/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:52655 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:20216 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:49670413 (47.3 MiB)  TX bytes:1665453 (1.5 MiB)

em1       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 14:18:77:40:29:D3
inet6 addr: fe80::1618:77ff:fe40:29d3/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:302969 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:96324 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:427674107 (407.8 MiB)  TX bytes:7173701 (6.8 MiB)
Interrupt:41

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
RX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:608 (608.0 b)  TX bytes:608 (608.0 b)

virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:68:65:A2
inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

vnet0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:54:00:08:94:EC
inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe08:94ec/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
RX packets:19 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:3443 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:500
RX bytes:1243 (1.2 KiB)  TX bytes:381667 (372.7 KiB)

创建虚拟机kvm-1

# 创建挂载卷
lvcreate -n kvm-1 -L 20G vg_shkvm1
# 安装虚拟机
virt-install \
--name kvm-1 \
--ram 2048 \
--disk path=/dev/vg_shkvm1/kvm-1 \
--vcpus 2 \
--os-type linux \
--os-variant rhel6 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics none \
--console pty,target_type=serial \
--location 'http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/' \
--extra-args 'console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial'

图形安装教程

选择安装语言设置网络配置，使用静态IP配置静态ip，忘记截图，按照上面网桥ip，设置相同局域网ip即可静态ip配置成功，如下图会加载安装镜像：选择使用文本方式安装，即命令行模式Re-initialize all 初始化磁盘这里选择初始化全部硬盘，还有一种情况是如果在重装虚拟机的时候，当前lvm卷上面已经存在系统，可以选择替换当前系统的方式安装，这样会保留原来lvm卷上系统的完整信息。选择时区，上海设置root密码安装系统安装位置初始化磁盘开始安装系统包文件等待系统安装包安装完成，重启系统。参考虚拟机kvm-1的安装，安装kvm-2

安装过程中报错解决

配置桥接时报错：can't create bridge with the same name，#本次安装故障原因是br0网卡配置是name没有改，导致重启时重启创建em1报错

# 使用brctl 解决

原文链接