maven打包的几种方式

一、单个独立的jar，且不依赖其他的jar包

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

运行：mvn clean package，在target中找到打包出来的，命令后运行java -jar xxx.jar即可，但是如果程序有依赖其他包，比如程序依赖jdbc去查询db，这时候再执行就会出现找不到jdbc依赖，因为我们并没有将依赖包打进去

二、打包一个可执行jar（将项目中需要的所有class打包在一个jar里面，包括依赖的jar里面的class）

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<configuration>
<appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>assembly</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

三、打包成一个可执行jar（包含资源文件）

<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer
implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>
</transformer>
<!--<transformer-->
<!--implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">-->
<!--<resource>applicationContext.xml</resource>-->
<!--</transformer>-->
</transformers>
<shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
<shadedClassifierName>executable</shadedClassifierName>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

四、打成一个zip包，发布项目的时候，将zip包copy到服务器上，直接unzip xxx.zip，里面包含要运行到jar以及依赖的lib，还有配置的config文件，即可直接启动服务

<build>
<resources>
<!-- 控制资源文件的拷贝 -->
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<!-- 设置源文件编码方式 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- The configuration of maven-jar-plugin -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<!-- The configuration of the plugin -->
<configuration>
<!-- Configuration of the archiver -->
<archive>

<!--
生成的jar中，不要包含pom.xml和pom.properties这两个文件
-->
<addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>

<!-- Manifest specific configuration -->
<manifest>
<!--
是否要把第三方jar放到manifest的classpath中
-->
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<!--
生成的manifest中classpath的前缀，因为要把第三方jar放到lib目录下，所以classpath的前缀是lib/
-->
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<!--
应用的main class
-->
<mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<!--
过滤掉不希望包含在jar中的文件
-->
<!--<excludes>-->
<!--<exclude>${project.basedir}/xml/*</exclude>-->
<!--</excludes>-->
</configuration>
</plugin>

<!-- The configuration of maven-assembly-plugin -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
<!-- The configuration of the plugin -->
<configuration>
<!-- Specifies the configuration file of the assembly plugin -->
<descriptors>
<descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>
</descriptors>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>make-assembly</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>single</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

另外，还有一个重要的文件，名字可以随便起，我上面用的是 src/main/assembly/assembly.xml

<assembly>
<id>bin</id>
<includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
<!-- 最终打包成一个用于发布的zip文件 -->
<formats>
<format>zip</format>
</formats>

<!-- Adds dependencies to zip package under lib directory -->
<dependencySets>
<dependencySet>
<!--
不使用项目的artifact，第三方jar不要解压，打包进zip文件的lib目录
-->
<useProjectArtifact>false</useProjectArtifact>
<!--<outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>-->
<unpack>fal
112d6
se</unpack>
</dependencySet>
</dependencySets>

<fileSets>
<!-- 把项目相关的说明文件，打包进zip文件的根目录 -->
<!--<fileSet>-->
<!--<directory>${project.basedir}</directory>-->
<!--<outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>-->
<!--</fileSet>-->

<!-- 把项目的配置文件，打包进zip文件的config目录 -->
<fileSet>
<directory>${deploy.dir}/classes/</directory>
<outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>*.xml</include>
<include>*.properties</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
<!-- 把项目自己编译出来的jar文件，打包进zip文件的根目录 -->
<fileSet>
<directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
<outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
<includes>
<include>*.jar</include>
</includes>
</fileSet>
</fileSets>
</assembly>

五、其实可以用另外一个插件来完成打资源包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>myTestJar</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>myTestJar</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
<deploy.dir>./target/</deploy.dir>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.9</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.32</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
<finalName>myTest</finalName>
<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<resources>
<!-- 控制资源文件的拷贝 -->
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<targetPath>${project.build.directory}</targetPath>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<!-- 设置源文件编码方式 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
<mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 拷贝依赖的jar包到lib目录 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<!-- ${project.build.directory}是maven变量，内置的，表示target目录,如果不写，将在跟目录下创建/lib -->
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
<!-- excludeTransitive:是否不包含间接依赖包，比如我们依赖A，但是A又依赖了B，我们是否也要把B打进去 默认不打-->
<excludeTransitive>true</excludeTransitive>
<!-- 复制的jar文件去掉版本信息 -->
<stripVersion>true</stripVersion>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!-- 解决资源文件的编码问题 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- 打包source文件为jar文件 -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<configuration>
<attach>true</attach>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>compile</phase>
<goals>
<goal>jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

</project>