mysql主从复制配置过程及演示

1.设置server-id值并开启binlog功能参数
编辑/data/3306/my.cnf:
[mysqld]
server-id = 6 #主库和从库的server-id不能相同
log_bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin #

重启服务
/data/3306/mysql restart

检查思路1：
[root@db02 data]# egrep "log_bin|server-id" 330*/my.cnf
3306/my.cnf:log_bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
3306/my.cnf:server-id = 6

3307/my.cnf:server-id = 7

检查思路2：
登录：
[root@db02 data]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
查看变量：
mysql> show variables like 'log_bin%';#查看主库的binlog是否存在
+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
| log_bin | ON |
| log_bin_basename | /data/3306/mysql-bin |
| log_bin_index | /data/3306/mysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看原主库数据库中原有库
[root@mysql-db02 data]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 41
Server version: 5.6.34-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cc2 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
查看从库中原有库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cc |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

2、建账号授权【主库】
grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'172.16.1.%' identified by 'cc123';
flush privileges;

3、锁表导出数据
mysql> flush table with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看位置：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 405 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

新开窗口备份：
mysqldump -uroot -p'cc123' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -A -B |gzip >/server/backup/mysql_bak.$(date +%F).sql.gz

原窗口解锁：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 405 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

如下命令可替代3的所有步骤
mysqldump -uroot -p'cc123' --master-data=2 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock -A -B
zcat mysql_bak.2017-05-04.sql.gz >mysql_bak.2017-05-04.sql

4、将数据导入到从库
[root@db02 backup]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock <mysql_bak.2017-05-04.sql

5、让从库从主库锁表时刻记录的binlog位置点开始向下同步
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.52',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='rep',
MASTER_PASSWORD='cc123',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000028',
MASTER_LOG_POS=1728;

#GTID
这时可见master.info已经产生在从库/data 目录下
[root@mysql-db02 data]# cd /data/3307/data/
[root@mysql-db02 data]# ls
auto.cnf cc2 ib_logfile1 mysql mysql-bin.000003 mysql-bin.000006 mysql-bin.000009 mysql-bin.000012 mysql-bin.000015 performance_schema
binlog.sql ibdata1 ib_logfile2 mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000004 mysql-bin.000007 mysql-bin.000010 mysql-bin.000013 mysql-bin.000016 test
cc ib_logfile0 master.info mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.000005 mysql-bin.000008 mysql-bin.000011 mysql-bin.000014 mysql-bin.index
[root@mysql-db02 data]#

6、启动同步开关
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

7、检查
[root@db02 backup]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock -e "show slave st
atus\G"|egrep -i "Yes|Behind_Master"
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

检查3307里是否同步主库
[root@mysql-db02 data]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 47
Server version: 5.6.34-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cc |
| cc2 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
在cc2库下student表中插入内容
这时我们在往3306里插入内容就会发现已经同步过来了

[root@mysql-db02 data]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 42
Server version: 5.6.34-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use cc2;

mysql> insert into student(`id`,`name`) VALUES(8,'bb');

mysql> insert into student(`id`,`name`) VALUES(8,'bb');

mysql> insert into student(`id`,`name`) VALUES(8,'bb');

mysql> select * from student;
+----+------+-----+------+
| id | name | age | dept |
+----+------+-----+------+
| 5 | DD | 0 | NULL |
| 6 | cc | 0 | NULL |
| 7 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
+----+------+-----+------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@mysql-db02 data]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 48
Server version: 5.6.34-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use cc2;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select * from student;
+----+------+-----+------+
| id | name | age | dept |
+----+------+-----+------+
| 5 | DD | 0 | NULL |
| 6 | cc | 0 | NULL |
| 7 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
| 8 | bb | 0 | NULL |
+----+------+-----+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>