您的位置:首页 > 其它

Netty从没听过到入门 -- 服务器端详解

2017-05-08 18:50 288 查看
本文仅适用与Netty4.0.32版本,其他版本是否适用表示并不清楚...

Netty服务器启动流程:

1、创建线程池

创建处理连接的线程池:bossGroup

创建处理所有事件的线程池:workerGroup
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();


2、设定辅助启动类。ServerBootStrap

传入1中开辟的线程池

指定连接该服务器的channel类型

指定需要执行的childHandler

设置部分参数,如AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator缓存大小

.Option用于设置bossGroup相关参数

.childOption用于设置workerGroup相关参数

2.5、此处可处理一个问题:超长字符串在服务端handler无法被一次接收完

可通过此句进行设置:.childOption(ChannelOption.RCVBUF_ALLOCATOR, new AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator(64, MAX_LENGTH_OF_MSG, 65536))

ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)//设置channel类型
.childOption(ChannelOption.RCVBUF_ALLOCATOR, new AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator(64, MAX_LENGTH_OF_MSG, 65536))
.childHandler(new childChannelHandler());//选择执行handler
此处的MAX_LENGTH_OF_MSG必须为2的次幂,不然肯定不会是你设置的那个值,具体会变成什么,源码还没看,等看了再补充...

2.75、构建Handler处理流程

  样例如下:
public class childChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
//TODO 添加各种功能handler 消息加解密,消息规范检测,构建返回码
ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandler());
}
}


当要添加多个handler时,就必须注意添加的顺序。

  这里的handler分为两种类型:

    一种继承ChannelInboundHandler,用于处理来自客户端的消息,比如对客户端的消息进行解码,读取等等。该类型在pipeline中的执行顺序与添加顺序一致。

    一种继承ChannelOutboundHandler,用于处理即将发往客户端的消息,比如对该消息进行编辑,编码等等。该类型在pipeline中的执行顺序与添加顺序相反。

  而且ChannelOutboundHandler的所有handler,放在ChannelInboundHandler下面是执行不到的。

比如:
public class childChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new OutboundHandler1());  //handler1
ch.pipeline().addLast(new OutboundHandler2());  //handler2
ch.pipeline().addLast(new InboundHandler1());   //handler3
ch.pipeline().addLast(new InboundHandler2());   //handler4
}
}


  以上4个handler的实际执行顺序分别为handler3 -> handler4 -> handler2 ->handler1

  如果在handler4下方加上OutboundHandler3,那么这个handler是不会被执行到的。

3、同步等待绑定指定端口

此处可多次执行bind语句绑定多个端口 ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8080).sync();
channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(8081).sync();
...

4、同步等待服务器关闭信息

 channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

5、最后关闭此前开辟的两个线程池

  bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
  workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();

最后整段服务器代码如下:

package Netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator;

public class NettyServer {
public void startServerInPort(int port) throws Exception{
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try{
//设置启动辅助类
ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
serverBootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)//设置channel类型
.childOption(ChannelOption.RCVBUF_ALLOCATOR, new AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator(64, 2048, 65536))
.childHandler(new childChannelHandler());//选择执行handler

//阻塞等待服务器完全启动
ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(port).sync();

channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}finally{
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
public class childChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{ @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception { //TODO 添加各种功能handler 消息加解密,消息规范检测,构建返回码 ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandler()); } }
}

 客户端的这部分代码和服务器端差不多,就不另开一文啰嗦了。之间贴代码:

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class NettyClient {

public void sendMsgToServer() throws Exception{
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try{
//设置辅助启动类信息
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
bootstrap.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)//选择channel类型
.option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
.handler(new childChannelHandler());

//阻塞等待成功连接服务器
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(localhost,8000).sync();

//阻塞等待来自服务器的处理结果
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}finally{
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}

private class childChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>{
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
//TODO 添加其他功能处理Handler,如消息加解密
ch.pipeline().addLast(new NettyClientHandler());
}
}

}
注:原文请参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/mochenmochen/p/5826062.html
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签:  Netty