别名查看、设置和取消

1.1alias查看和设置别名（全局）

查看linux命令的默认别名
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# alias
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='rm -i'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only--read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'

查看具体命令的别名
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# alias rm
alias rm='rm -i'
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# alias | grep rm
alias rm='rm -i'
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]#

临时设置别名
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# alias rm='echo "do notuse rm command"'
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# alias
alias l.='ls -d .* --color=auto'
alias ll='ls -l --color=auto'
alias ls='ls --color=auto'
alias mv='mv -i'
alias rm='echo "do not use rm command"'
alias which='alias | /usr/bin/which --tty-only--read-alias --show-dot --show-tilde'
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# rm -f 1.txt
do not use rm command -f 1.txt
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]#

永久修改别名
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# unalias rm
oot@oldboyedu-36 ~]# rm
rm: 缺少操作数
请尝试执行"rm --help"来获取更多信息。
法一：在/etc/profile系统全局变量的配置文件中或者存放别名、函数的/etc/bashrc中修改
[root@oldboyedu-36 ~]# vim /etc/profile
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`/usr/bin/id-gn`" = "`/usr/bin/id -un`" ]; then
umask 002
else
umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
if [ -r"$i" ]; then
if ["${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
."$i"
else
."$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
fi
fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge
alias rm='rm -i'
aliasrm='echo "do not use rm command"'===最后一行追加上
source /etc/profile
法二：echo追加
echo 'alias rm="echo do not use rmcommand"' >>/etc/profile（/etc/bashrc）
source /etc/profile或者/etc/bashrc

1.2单用户修改

在用户环境变量文件中修改,修改方法同上：~/.bashrc
~/.bash_profile
只对当前用户生效

1.3取消别名

unalias临时取消别名
-bash-4.1# alias rm
alias rm='rm -i'
-bash-4.1# unalias rm
-bash-4.1# alias rm
-bash: alias: rm: not found

永久取消:在/etc/profile或者/etc/bashrc配置文件中修改
方法同上设置别名;

\临时取消
cp /data/a.txt /tmp/(/tmp里面也有a.txt)

命令全路径屏蔽别名
/bin/cp /data/a.txt /tmp/(/tmp里面也有a.txt)

1.4实例:

设置net别名,执行net命令时,显示 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0的内容

[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# cat/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0c:29:32:15:0e
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=c13d35d3-f3e3-44c5-ae8a-39e0bab09185
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=10.0.0.200
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
DNS1=10.0.0.2
USERCTL=no
PEERDNS=yes
IPV6INIT=no
[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# net
-bash: net: command not found
[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# alias net='cat/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0'
[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# alias net
alias net='cat/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0'
[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# net
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0c:29:32:15:0e
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=c13d35d3-f3e3-44c5-ae8a-39e0bab09185
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=10.0.0.200
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.0.0.2
DNS1=10.0.0.2
USERCTL=no
PEERDNS=yes
IPV6INIT=no
取消net别名
[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# unalias net
[root@oldboyedu-36-02 ~]# net
-bash: net: command not found