Docker for Windows 中文文档（1）——Explore the application and run examples

检查Docker Engine，Compose和Machine的版本

C:\Users\rHotD>docker --version
Docker version 17.03.1-ce, build c6d412e

C:\Users\rHotD>docker-compose --version
docker-compose version 1.11.2, build f963d76f

C:\Users\rHotD>docker-machine --version
docker-machine version 0.10.0, build 76ed2a6

浏览应用程序并运行示例

C:\Users\rHotD>docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

PS C:\Users\Docker> docker version
Client:
Version:      17.03.0-ce
API version:  1.26
Go version:   go1.7.5
Git commit:   60ccb22
Built:        Thu Feb 23 10:40:59 2017
OS/Arch:      windows/amd64

Server:
Version:      17.03.0-ce
API version:  1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version:   go1.7.5
Git commit:   3a232c8
Built:        Tue Feb 28 07:52:04 2017
OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
Experimental: true

PS C:\Users\Docker> docker info
Containers: 0
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 17.03.0-ce
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: 977c511eda0925a723debdc94d09459af49d082a
runc version: a01dafd48bc1c7cc12bdb01206f9fea7dd6feb70
init version: 949e6fa
Security Options:
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 4.9.12-moby
Operating System: Alpine Linux v3.5
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 1.934 GiB
Name: moby
ID: BM4O:645U:LUS6:OGMD:O6WH:JINS:K7VF:OVDZ:7NE4:ZVJT:PSMQ:5UA6
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): true
File Descriptors: 13
Goroutines: 21
System Time: 2017-03-02T16:59:13.417299Z
EventsListeners: 0
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Experimental: true
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false

#docker run hello-world

C:\Users\rHotD>docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
78445dd45222: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:c5515758d4c5e1e838e9cd307f6c6a0d620b5e07e6f927b07d05f6d12a1ac8d7
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: https://cloud.docker.com/ 
For more examples and ideas, visit: https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/[/code] 
4. 尝试更有野心的东西，并使用此命令运行Ubuntu容器。

docker run -it ubuntu bash


这将下载ubuntu容器图像并启动它。 以下是在powerhell中运行此命令的输出。

C:\Users\rHotD>docker run -it ubuntu bash
Unable to find image 'ubuntu:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
c62795f78da9: Pull complete
d4fceeeb758e: Pull complete
5c9125a401ae: Pull complete
0062f774e994: Pull complete
6b33fd031fac: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:c2bbf50d276508d73dd865cda7b4ee9b5243f2648647d21e3a471dd3cc4209a0
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
root@a8d217b930ac:/#


键入
exit
以停止容器并关闭
powerhell
。

5. 使用此命令启动Dockerized Web服务器：

docker run -d -p 80:80 --name webserver nginx


这将下载
nginx
容器图像并启动它。 以下是在powerhell中运行此命令的输出。

PS C:\Users\jdoe> docker run -d -p 80:80 --name webserver nginx

Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/nginx

fdd5d7827f33: Pull complete
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete
716f7a5f3082: Pull complete
7b10f03a0309: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:f6a001272d5d324c4c9f3f183e1b69e9e0ff12debeb7a092730d638c33e0de3e
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
dfe13c68b3b86f01951af617df02be4897184cbf7a8b4d5caf1c3c5bd3fc267f


6. 将您的Web浏览器指向
http：// localhost
以显示起始页。

（由于您指定了默认HTTP端口，因此无需在URL的末尾追加：80）



7. 当您的网络服务器正在运行时运行
docker ps
，以查看容器上的详细信息。



8. 停止或移除容器和图像。

nginx
网络服务器将继续在该端口上的容器中运行，直到您停止和/或删除该容器。 如果要停止Web服务器，请键入：
docker stop webserver
，并使用
docker start webserver
重新启动它。

要使用单个命令停止并删除正在运行的容器，请键入：
docker rm -f webserver
。 这将删除容器，而不是
nginx
映像。 您可以列出本地图像与  docker 图像。 您可能想要保留一些图像，以便您不必再从
Docker Hub
中拉出。 要删除不再需要的图像，请使用
docker rmi
，然后使用图像ID或图像名称。 例如，
docker rmi nginx
。