详解dbca建库生成的脚本的运行内容


我们在使用dbca使用general purpose创建数据库的时候，会创建一个scripts的文件夹，文件夹中包含了如下的一堆脚本：

cloneDBCreation.sql

initocpTemp.ora 

lockAccount.sql 

ocp.sql            

postScripts.sql

CloneRmanRestore.sql 

init.ora        

ocp.sh          

postDBCreation.sql 

rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql

今天我们的目的就是研究下这些脚本就是做了哪些事情，或者说，oracle是如何使用这堆脚本来创建数据库的

这对脚本中，首先执行的是：

1、ocp.sh

[code lang="shell"]

#!/bin/sh

OLD_UMASK=`umask`

umask 0027

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/ocp/adump

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/ocp/dpdump

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/ocp/pfile

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ocp

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ocp

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs

mkdir -p /u01/oradata/ocp

umask ${OLD_UMASK}

ORACLE_SID=ocp; export ORACLE_SID

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

echo You should Add this entry in the /etc/oratab: ocp:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db:Y

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/sqlplus /nolog @/home/oracle/scripts/ocp.sql

[/code]

 （1）Oracle首先会创建与数据库相关的所有文件夹 

 （2）设定Oracle的环境变量，SID，PATH

 （3）提示我们需要在/etc/oratab中添加

  ocp:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db:Y

 这步操作的作用是：只有在/etc/oratab中有记录的数据库，后期才能够被dbca这个oui工作所管理。简单来讲，如果你添加这段话，那么后期我们可以通过dbca来删除我们的数据库。

 （4）调用/home/oracle/scripts/ocp.sql脚本

2、ocp.sql脚本

[code lang="sql"]

set verify off

ACCEPT sysPassword CHAR PROMPT 'Enter new password for SYS: ' HIDE

ACCEPT systemPassword CHAR PROMPT 'Enter new password for SYSTEM: ' HIDE

ACCEPT sysmanPassword CHAR PROMPT 'Enter new password for SYSMAN: ' HIDE

ACCEPT dbsnmpPassword CHAR PROMPT 'Enter new password for DBSNMP: ' HIDE

host /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/orapwocp force=y

@/home/oracle/scripts/CloneRmanRestore.sql

@/home/oracle/scripts/cloneDBCreation.sql

[/code]

 （1）设定Oracle的4个特殊用户的密码：sys，system，sysman，dbsnmp

 （2）创建密码文件

 （3）调用CloneRmanRestore.sql脚本

 （4）调用cloneDBCreation.sql

3、CloneRmanRestore.sql

[code lang="sql"]

SET VERIFY OFF

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

spool /home/orac
4000
le/scripts/CloneRmanRestore.log append

startup nomount pfile="/home/oracle/scripts/init.ora";

@/home/oracle/scripts/rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql;

spool off

[/code]

 （1）通过调用init.ora参数文件，将数据库启动nomount状态

 （2）调用rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql脚本

4、rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql

[code lang="sql"]

set verify off;

set echo off;

set serveroutput on;

select TO_CHAR(systimestamp,'YYYYMMDD HH:MI:SS') from dual;

variable devicename varchar2(255);

declare

omfname varchar2(512) := NULL;

  done boolean;

  begin

    dbms_output.put_line(' ');

    dbms_output.put_line(' Allocating device.... ');

    dbms_output.put_line(' Specifying datafiles... ');

       :devicename := dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate;

    dbms_output.put_line(' Specifing datafiles... ');

    dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDataFile;

      dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(1, '/u01/oradata/ocp/system01.dbf', 0, 'SYSTEM');

      dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(2, '/u01/oradata/ocp/sysaux01.dbf', 0, 'SYSAUX');

      dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(3, '/u01/oradata/ocp/undotbs01.dbf', 0, 'UNDOTBS1');

      dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(4, '/u01/oradata/ocp/users01.dbf', 0, 'USERS');

    dbms_output.put_line(' Restoring ... ');

    dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece('/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/assistants/dbca/templates/Seed_Database.dfb', done);

    if done then

        dbms_output.put_line(' Restore done.');

    else

        dbms_output.put_line(' ORA-XXXX: Restore failed ');

    end if;

    dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;

  end;

/

select TO_CHAR(systimestamp,'YYYYMMDD HH:MI:SS') from dual; 

[/code]

 （1）这个脚本就只有一个作用，通过读取/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/assistants/dbca/templates/Seed_Database.dfb这个备份片，使用rman恢复的方式来创建数据库

 （2）需要注意！restore出来的数据库，此时处于mount的状态

5、cloneDBCreation.sql

[code lang="sql"]

SET VERIFY OFF

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

spool /home/oracle/scripts/cloneDBCreation.log append

Create controlfile reuse set database "ocp"

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

Datafile

'/u01/oradata/ocp/system01.dbf',

'/u01/oradata/ocp/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/oradata/ocp/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/oradata/ocp/users01.dbf'

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/oradata/ocp/redo01.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/oradata/ocp/redo02.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/oradata/ocp/redo03.log') SIZE 51200K RESETLOGS;

exec dbms_backup_restore.zerodbid(0);

shutdown immediate;

startup nomount pfile="/home/oracle/scripts/initocpTemp.ora";

Create controlfile reuse set database "ocp"

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

Datafile

'/u01/oradata/ocp/system01.dbf',

'/u01/oradata/ocp/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/oradata/ocp/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/oradata/ocp/users01.dbf'

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/oradata/ocp/redo01.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/oradata/ocp/redo02.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/oradata/ocp/redo03.log') SIZE 51200K RESETLOGS;

alter system enable restricted session;

alter database "ocp" open resetlogs;

exec dbms_service.delete_service('seeddata');

exec dbms_service.delete_service('seeddataXDB');

alter database rename global_name to "ocp";

ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/ocp/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20480K REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='USERS';

alter system disable restricted session;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

@/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/demo/schema/mkplug.sql &&sysPassword change_on_install change_on_install change_on_install change_on_install change_on_install change_on_install example.dmp example01.dfb /u01/oradata/ocp/example01.dbf /home/oracle/scripts/
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/assistants/dbca/templates/ "\'SYS/&&sysPassword as SYSDBA\'";

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

shutdown immediate;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

startup restrict pfile="/home/oracle/scripts/initocpTemp.ora";

select sid, program, serial#, username from v$session;

alter database character set INTERNAL_CONVERT AL32UTF8;

alter database national character set INTERNAL_CONVERT UTF8;

alter user sys account unlock identified by "&&sysPassword";

alter user system account unlock identified by "&&systemPassword";

alter system disable restricted session;

[/code]

 （1）通过Create controlfile语句重新创建控制文件

 （2）通过dbms_backup_restore.zerodbid(0)重新设定dbid

 （3）通过initocpTemp.ora参数文件重启数据库到mount状态

 （4）通过Create controlfile语句重新创建控制文件，并以open resetlogs的方式打开数据库

 （5）删除seeddata，seeddataXDB两个service

 （6）设定数据的global_name

 （7）添加temp表空间

 （8）通过example01.dbf导入sample schema

 （9）根据initocpTemp.ora重启数据库

 （10）修改数据库的字符集与国家字符集

 （11）解锁sys，system用户并重新设定其密码