Python贪吃蛇游戏编写代码

最近在学Python，想做点什么来练练手，命令行的贪吃蛇一般是C的练手项目，但是一时之间找不到别的，就先做个贪吃蛇来练练简单的语法。

由于Python监听键盘很麻烦，没有C语言的kbhit()，所以这条贪吃蛇不会自己动，运行效果如下：

要求：用#表示边框，用*表示食物，o表示蛇的身体，O表示蛇头，使用wsad来移动

Python版本：3.6.1

系统环境：Win10

类：

　　board：棋盘，也就是游戏区域

　　snake：贪吃蛇，通过记录身体每个点来记录蛇的状态

　　game：游戏类

　　本来还想要个food类的，但是food只需要一个坐标，和一个新建，所以干脆使用list来保存坐标，新建food放在game里面，从逻辑上也没有太大问题

源码：

# Write By Guobao
# 2017/4//7
#
# 贪吃蛇
# 用#做边界，*做食物，o做身体和头部
# python 3.6.1
import copy
import random
import os
import msvcrt
# the board class, used to put everything
class board:
__points =[]
def __init__(self):
self.__points.clear()
for i in range(22):
line = []
if i == 0 or i == 21:
for j in range(22):
line.append('#')
else:
line.append('#')
for j in range(20):
line.append(' ')
line.append('#')
self.__points.append(line)
def getPoint(self, location):
return self.__points[location[0]][location[1]]
def clear(self):
self.__points.clear()
for i in range(22):
line = []
if i == 0 or i == 21:
for j in range(22):
line.append('#')
else:
line.append('#')
for j in range(20):
line.append(' ')
line.append('#')
self.__points.append(line)
def put_snake(self, snake_locations):
# clear the board
self.clear()
# put the snake points
for x in snake_locations:
self.__points[x[0]][x[1]] = 'o'
# the head
x = snake_locations[len(snake_locations) - 1]
self.__points[x[0]][x[1]] = 'O'
def put_food(self, food_location):
self.__points[food_location[0]][food_location[1]] = '*'
def show(self):
os.system("cls")
for i in range(22):
for j in range(22):
print(self.__points[i][j], end='')
print()
# the snake class
class snake:
__points = []
def __init__(self):
for i in range(1, 6):
self.__points.append([1, i])
def getPoints(self):
return self.__points
# move to the next position
# give the next head
def move(self, next_head):
self.__points.pop(0)
self.__points.append(next_head)
# eat the food
# give the next head
def eat(self, next_head):
self.__points.append(next_head)
# calc the next state
# and return the direction
def next_head(self, direction='default'):
# need to change the value, so copy it
head = copy.deepcopy(self.__points[len(self.__points) - 1])
# calc the "default" direction
if direction == 'default':
neck = self.__points[len(self.__points) - 2]
if neck[0] > head[0]:
direction = 'up'
elif neck[0] < head[0]:
direction = 'down'
elif neck[1] > head[1]:
direction = 'left'
elif neck[1] < head[1]:
direction = 'right'
if direction == 'up':
head[0] = head[0] - 1
elif direction == 'down':
head[0] = head[0] + 1
elif direction == 'left':
head[1] = head[1] - 1
elif direction == 'right':
head[1] = head[1] + 1
return head
# the game
class game:
board = board()
snake = snake()
food = []
count = 0
def __init__(self):
self.new_food()
self.board.clear()
self.board.put_snake(self.snake.getPoints())
self.board.put_food(self.food)
def new_food(self):
while 1:
line = random.randint(1, 20)
column = random.randint(1, 20)
if self.board.getPoint([column, line]) == ' ':
self.food = [column, line]
return
def show(self):
self.board.clear()
self.board.put_snake(self.snake.getPoints())
self.board.put_food(self.food)
self.board.show()
def run(self):
self.board.show()
# the 'w a s d' are the directions
operation_dict = {b'w': 'up', b'W': 'up', b's': 'down', b'S': 'down', b'a': 'left', b'A': 'left', b'd': 'right', b'D': 'right'}
op = msvcrt.getch()
while op != b'q':
if op not in operation_dict:
op = msvcrt.getch()
else:
new_head = self.snake.next_head(operation_dict[op])
# get the food
if self.board.getPoint(new_head) == '*':
self.snake.eat(new_head)
self.count = self.count + 1
if self.count >= 15:
self.show()
print("Good Job")
break
else:
self.new_food()
self.show()
# 反向一Q日神仙
elif new_head == self.snake.getPoints()[len(self.snake.getPoints()) - 2]:
pass
# rush the wall
elif self.board.getPoint(new_head) == '#' or self.board.getPoint(new_head) == 'o':
print('GG')
break
# normal move
else:
self.snake.move(new_head)
self.show()
op = msvcrt.getch()
game().run()

笔记：

　　1.Python 没有Switch case语句，可以利用dirt来实现

　　2.Python的=号是复制，复制引用，深复制需要使用copy的deepcopy()函数来实现

　　3.即使在成员函数内，也需要使用self来访问成员变量，这和C++、JAVA很不一样

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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