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SpringMVC简单项目配置

2017-04-03 15:24 260 查看

SpringMVC简单项目配置

标签： spring
mvcjdbcTemplate c3p0 xml
2015-07-25 13:39 4685人阅读评论(1) 收藏举报

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Spring（3）

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。

一、首先，SpringMVC框架使用分层开发，分层是为了实现“高内聚，低耦合”。采用“分而治之”的思想，把问题划分开来各个解决，易于控制，延展和分配资源，最重要的是有利于后期项目维护。MVC是指Model(模型)、View(视图)、Controller(控制器)，在SpringMVC的编程中一般具有四层，分别是：

表示层：(jsp、html)主要就是界面的展示

控制层：(Contoller、Action)控制界面跳转

业务层：(Service)调用DAO层，实现解耦合目的，虽然不要它也可以运行项目，但是会使项目后期的延展和维护变得困难

持久层：(DAO)也叫数据访问层，实现对数据库的访问

二、然后，注解的使用，在SpringMVC中经常用到注解，使用注解可以极大的节省开发者的时间，下面是几个最重要的注解介绍：

@Repository：标注数据访问层，可以告诉SpringMVC这是一个数据访问层，并将其申明为一个bean，例如UserDao接口的实现类UserDaoImpl,在类上加注解@Repository("userDao")，bean的名称为userDao

@Service:标注业务层，例如UserService接口的实现类，在类上加@Service("userService")，bean的名称为userService

@Controller:控制层，在控制层类上加@Controller即可，确认其是一个控制层类

@Component:当不确定是属于哪层是用这个注解

三、说的再多，不如做一遍，下面是一个简单的跳转并实现登录功能的SpringMVC项目的介绍

1.项目环境搭建，在eclipse下点击左上角File→New→Dynamic Web Projiect，创建项目MySpringMVC,新建项目结构如下

在lib下导入jar包，在这里，需要的jar包有哪些就不介绍了，反正是能多不能少，多了不会报错，不明白就都弄进去吧。在WEB-INF下新建web.xml文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">





<filter>

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>

org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter

</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>encoding</param-name>

<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>





<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

在WebContent下建一个index.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>welcome</title>

</head>

<body>

This is MySpringMVC!

</body>

</html>

用tomcat运行项目，最好做每一步都运行下，看能通过不，不然后面很难发现错误

接下来实现页面的跳转在index.jsp里加入

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<a href="toLogin.do">登录</a>

在WEB-INF下新建文件夹webPage，然后建立Login.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>登录界面</title>

</head>

<body>

<form action="userLogin.do" method="post">

<input type="hidden" name="categoryId" value="1" />

<div class="login">

<div class="loginleft">

<p class="logotext">MySpringMVC登录界面</p>

</div>

<div class="loginright">

<p class="loginrighttit">用户登录</p>

<ul>

<li><p>用  户  名:</p> <input name="userName" id="userName" type="text"/>

</li>

<li><p>密       码:</p> <input name="loginPassword" id="loginPassword" type="password"/>

</li>

</ul>

<p><input name="" type="submit" value="登  录" class="loginrightbutton" /></p>

</div>

</div>

</form>

</body>

</html>

在WEB-INF下建立文件夹xmlConfig,创建webConfig.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">


<bean id="viewResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

<property name="viewClass"

value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

<property name="prefix">

<value>/WEB-INF/webPage/</value>

</property>

<property name="suffix">

<value>.jsp</value>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

在web.xml中添加配置文件

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<servlet>

<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/xmlConfig/webConfig.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>



<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

在src中建立com.user.action包，创建UserAction类

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package com.user.action;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller

//标明这是一个控制层类

public class UserAction {

@RequestMapping(value = "/toLogin.do")

//响应index.jsp的登录请求

public String login(ModelMap map){

return "/Login";

}

}

在webConfig里添加

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<context:component-scan base-package="com.user.action"></context:component-scan>

运行项目，结果如下

点击登录，界面跳转

2.以上是SpringMVC一个简单环境的配置，接下来是数据库的连接，需要在lib下导入MySQL的jar包，下面是做一个简单的登录功能，采用mysql数据库，建立如下包结构，有利于分层开发

在WEB-INF下建立文件夹properties，建立db.properties，保存数据库配置信息，配置的信息一定不要错了，这里是我事先建好的一个test数据库，在里面建了个user表，id,name,password三个字段

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#myspring Mysql数据库配置

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test

user=root

password=123456

在WEB-INF/xmlConfig文件夹下建立globalAppliacation.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm http://www.springframework.org/schema/oxm/spring-oxm-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">



<context:component-scan base-package="com.user.service"/>



<context:component-scan base-package="com.user.dao"/>





<context:property-placeholder location="/WEB-INF/properties/*.properties" />









<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"

destroy-method="close">

<property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"></property>

<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property>

<property name="user" value="${user}"></property>

<property name="password" value="${password}"></property>

</bean>



<bean id="film-template" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

</bean>

</beans>

在web.xml中加入如下代码

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<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>



<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>

/WEB-INF/xmlConfig/globalApplication.xml

</param-value>

</context-param>

在com.user.vo中建立类UserVo，这是一个实体类

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package com.user.vo;

public class UserVo {

private int id;

private String name;

private String password;

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

}

然后在com.user.dao中建立接口UserDao

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package com.user.dao;

import com.user.vo.UserVo;

public interface UserDao {

public UserVo login(UserVo u);

}

在com.user.dao.impl中实现这个接口，类UserDaoImpl

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package com.user.dao.impl;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.user.dao.UserDao;

import com.user.vo.UserVo;

@Repository("userDao")

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{

@Autowired

@Qualifier("film-template")//名字跟xml中配置的id要一致

/* 封装一个JdbcTemplate的模板对象 */

private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

/* 通过set方法注入进来即可 */

public JdbcTemplate getJdbcTemplate() {

return jdbcTemplate;

}

public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {

this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;

}

@Override

public UserVo login(UserVo u) {

String sql="select * from user where name=? and password=?";

Object[] param = new Object[]{u.getName(),u.getPassword()};

List<UserVo> la = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,param,new RowMapper<UserVo>() {

public UserVo mapRow(ResultSet rs, int i)

throws SQLException {

UserVo vo = new UserVo();

vo.setId(rs.getInt("id"));

vo.setName(rs.getString("name"));

vo.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));

return vo;

}

});

if(la!=null&&la.size()>0){

return la.get(0);

}else{

return null;

}

}

}

接口类UserService

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package com.user.service;

import com.user.vo.UserVo;

public interface UserService {

public UserVo login(UserVo u);

}

实现类UserServiceImpl

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package com.user.service.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.user.dao.UserDao;

import com.user.service.UserService;

import com.user.vo.UserVo;

@Service("userService")

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

@Autowired

@Qualifier("userDao")

private UserDao userDao;

public UserDao getUserDao() {

return userDao;

}

public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {

this.userDao = userDao;

}

@Override

public UserVo login(UserVo u) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

return userDao.login(u);

}

}

在UserAction中新建一个方法

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package com.user.action;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.user.service.UserService;

import com.user.vo.UserVo;

@Controller

public class UserAction {

@Autowired

@Qualifier("userService")

private UserService userService;

public UserService getUserService() {

return userService;

}

public void setUserService(UserService userService) {

this.userService = userService;

}

UserVo u=new UserVo();

@RequestMapping(value = "/toLogin.do", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST })

public String login(ModelMap map,HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException{

return "/Login";

}

@RequestMapping(value="/userLogin", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST })

public String loginCheck(ModelMap map,HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException{

String name=request.getParameter("userName");//获取Login.jsp传送过来的参数

String password=request.getParameter("loginPassword");

u.setName(name);

u.setPassword(password);

UserVo vo=userService.login(u);//通过业务层实现对数据访问层的访问

if(vo==null)

return "/error";

else

System.out.println(vo.getId());

map.addAttribute("id",vo.getId());//向前台传送一个名字为id的参数，若能成功得到值，证明成功访问数据库

return "/success";

}

}

在webPage下建一个success.jsp，登录成功跳转到该界面

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

成功,用户的ID为${id}

</body>

</html>

再建一个error.jsp，登录失败跳转到该界面

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">

<title>Insert title here</title>

</head>

<body>

失败！

</body>

</html>

下面是数据库user表中的数据信息

输入用户名admin，密码123456.点击登录

获取参数用户ID是2，数据库连接成功，登录相当于一个查询操作，只要数据库能连通，其他删除，修改，添加操作都挺容易的

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