初探Android热修复——tinker接入

前言

众所周知，Android不仅系统版本众多，机型众多，而且各个应用市场都各有各的政策和审核速度。每次发布一个版本对于开发的同学来说都是一种煎熬。而且很多时候我们也会想到：

修复的 bug 需要等待下个版本发布窗口才能发布？
已经 ready 的需求排队上线，需要等待其他 Feature Team 合入代码？
老版本升级速度慢？频繁上线版本提醒用户升级，影响用户体验？
他山之石，可以攻玉

针对这些问题，Android热更新出现了。

接入步骤（Tinker）


一、新建项目，添加gradle依赖在项目的 build.gradle 中，添加tinker-patch-gradle-plugin的依赖

buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.1.0'
classpath ('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-patch-gradle-plugin:1.7.7')

// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}

allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}

task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}

二、在app的gradle文件，我们需要添加tinker的库依赖以及apply tinker的gradle插件

dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.2.0'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

//可选，用于生成application类
provided('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.7')
//tinker的核心库
compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.7')

compile "com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1"
}

三、顺便加一下签名的配置，放在项目目录。建议在没有任何配置的时候进行签名。



在构建项目的时候可能会遇到下面这个问题（至少我遇到了）：




四、对tinker 进行配置，整个build.gradle文件如下所示。

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
//apply tinker插件
apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'

android {
compileSdkVersion 25
buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"

defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.chenzhi.tinkerdemo"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 25
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}

signingConfigs {
release {
try {
storeFile file("tinkerdemo.jks")
storePassword "tinker"
keyAlias "tinker"
keyPassword "tinker"
} catch (ex) {
throw new InvalidUserDataException(ex.toString())
}
}
}

buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled true
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
debug {
debuggable true
minifyEnabled true
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}

dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.2.0'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'

//可选，用于生成application类
provided('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.7')
//tinker的核心库
compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.7')

compile "com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1"
}

def bakPath = file("${buildDir}/bakApk/")

ext {
tinkerEnabled = true
tinkerOldApkPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0331-11-34-51.apk"
//proguard mapping file to build patch apk
tinkerApplyMappingPath = "${bakPath}/"
//resource R.txt to build patch apk, must input if there is resource changed
tinkerApplyResourcePath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0331-11-34-51-R.txt"
}

def getOldApkPath() {
return ext.tinkerOldApkPath
}
def getApplyMappingPath() {
return ext.tinkerApplyMappingPath
}
def getApplyResourceMappingPath() {
return  ext.tinkerApplyResourcePath
}

if (ext.tinkerEnabled) {
tinkerPatch {
oldApk = getOldApkPath()
ignoreWarning = false
useSign = true

//        packageConfig {
//
//            configField("TINKER_ID", "2.0")
//        }
buildConfig{
tinkerId = "1.0"
applyMapping = getApplyMappingPath()
applyResourceMapping = getApplyResourceMappingPath()
}

lib {

pattern = ["lib/armeabi/*.so"]
}

res {

pattern = ["res/*", "assets/*", "resources.arsc", "AndroidManifest.xml"]

ignoreChange = ["assetsmple_meta.txt"]

largeModSize = 100
}

sevenZip {

zipArtifact = "com.tencent.mm:SevenZip:1.1.10"
}

dex {

dexMode = "jar"

pattern = ["classes*.dex",
"assetscondary-dex-?.jar"]

loader = ["com.tencent.tinker.loader.*",
"com.tencent.tinker.*",
"com.chenzhi.tinkerdemo.MyTinkerApplication"
]
}

}
}

android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
/**
* task type, you want to bak
*/
def taskName = variant.name

tasks.all {
if ("assemble${taskName.capitalize()}".equalsIgnoreCase(it.name)) {
it.doLast {
copy {
def date = new Date().format("MMdd-HH-mm-ss")
from "${buildDir}/outputs/apk/${project.getName()}-${taskName}.apk"
into bakPath
rename { String fileName ->
fileName.replace("${project.getName()}-${taskName}.apk", "${project.getName()}-${taskName}-${date}.apk")
}

from "${buildDir}/outputs/mapping/${taskName}/mapping.txt"
into bakPath
rename { String fileName ->
fileName.replace("mapping.txt", "${project.getName()}-${taskName}-${date}-mapping.txt")
}

from "${buildDir}/intermediates/symbols/${taskName}/R.txt"
into bakPath
rename { String fileName ->
fileName.replace("R.txt", "${project.getName()}-${taskName}-${date}-R.txt")
}
}
}
}
}
}

五、添加你项目的 Application ,使之继承DefaultApplicationLike。（配置application需要仔细）

@SuppressWarnings("unused")
//这里的application是manifest里面的 不需要实际写出类
@DefaultLifeCycle(application = "com.chenzhi.tinkerdemo.MyTinkerApplication",
flags = ShareConstants.TINKER_ENABLE_ALL,
loadVerifyFlag = false)
//更改为继承DefaultApplicationLike
public class MyApplication extends DefaultApplicationLike {

public MyApplication(Application application, int tinkerFlags, boolean tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, long applicationStartElapsedTime, long applicationStartMillisTime, Intent tinkerResultIntent) {
super(application, tinkerFlags, tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, applicationStartElapsedTime, applicationStartMillisTime, tinkerResultIntent);
}

/**
* install multiDex before install tinker
* so we don't need to put the tinker lib classes in the main dex
*
* @param base
*/
//以前application写在oncreate的东西搬到这里来初始化
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH)
@Override
public void onBaseContextAttached(Context base) {
super.onBaseContextAttached(base);
//you must install multiDex whatever tinker is installed!
MultiDex.install(base);

//installTinker after load multiDex
//or you can put com.tencent.tinker.** to main dex
TinkerInstaller.install(this);
}

@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH)
public void registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks callback) {
getApplication().registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(callback);
}
}

六、千万千万千万别忘记配置清单文件AndroidManifest，这里会报红，Build一下就好了，不好也没关系，但是不能有红色下划线。



这里MyTinkerApplication指向的是MyApplication里面声明的



关于application还有一个地方需要注意：



别忘了加权限，因为这个案例是本地环境，我直接将补丁放到了手机sdcard里面，所以需要添加一个读写权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

七、至此，tinker环境已经搭建完成了，现在来进行测试吧。

在activity里新建一下代码：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

TextView mTvBug = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_bug);

mTvBug.setText("现在是报错状态了");

Toast.makeText(this, "现在是报错状态了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

//进行补丁的操作，暂时用本地代替
TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(this,
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/ysb/patch_signed_7zip.apk");
}
}

八、先运行一个 应用出错的程序在手机上作为上线出bug的版本，运行图中的assembleDebug ，会在图一中生成debug文件。根据出错的apk的日期，去设置build.gredle 中 出错包的信息。



image1



             image2

九、修改activity中的代码，当做是你修改好的补丁包：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

TextView mTvBug = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_bug);

mTvBug.setText("tinker已经修复好了");

Toast.makeText(this, "tinker已经修复好了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

//进行补丁的操作，暂时用本地代替
TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(this,
Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+"/ysb/patch_signed_7zip.apk");
}
}

十、运行tinkerPatchDebug，开始生成补丁：




最后，我通过USB将修改后的补丁包放到手机sdcard中（因为我的手机没有root，不可以通过命令adb push来操作）。
最终效果，手机录不了GIF，只能是静态图了。





大功告成了！



最后附上Demo地址：https://github.com/westlifeChen/TinkerDemo