PAT - 甲级 - 1110. Complete Binary Tree (25) (判断完全二叉树+建树)
2017-03-29 22:04
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题目描述:
Given a tree, you are supposed to tell if it is a complete binary tree.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (<=20) which is the total number of nodes in the tree -- and hence the nodes are numbered from 0 to N-1. Then N lines follow, each corresponds to a node, and
gives the indices of the left and right children of the node. If the child does not exist, a "-" will be put at the position. Any pair of children are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each case, print in one line "YES" and the index of the last node if the tree is a complete binary tree, or "NO" and the index of the root if not. There must be exactly one space separating the word and the number.
Sample Input 1:
Sample Output 1:
Sample Input 2:
Sample Output 2:
题目思路:
大概意思:题目给出了n个,并分别给出了n个结点的左右孩子。题目要求判断该树是否是完全二叉树。如果是,输出YES和最后一个结点的编号,否则输出NO并且输出根节点的编号。
用结构体v[i].l和v[i].r分别表示i结点的左孩子和右孩子,并且对孩子结点标记。dfs搜索所有的结点一遍,没有被标记的结点便是根节点。
找到根节点后,我们可以层次遍历整棵树,如果搜索到孩子结点为-1的情况,则比较当前位置的编号和n的关系。如果相等,则是完全二叉树,否则不是。
题目代码:
Given a tree, you are supposed to tell if it is a complete binary tree.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (<=20) which is the total number of nodes in the tree -- and hence the nodes are numbered from 0 to N-1. Then N lines follow, each corresponds to a node, and
gives the indices of the left and right children of the node. If the child does not exist, a "-" will be put at the position. Any pair of children are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each case, print in one line "YES" and the index of the last node if the tree is a complete binary tree, or "NO" and the index of the root if not. There must be exactly one space separating the word and the number.
Sample Input 1:
9 7 8 - - - - - - 0 1 2 3 4 5 - - - -
Sample Output 1:
YES 8
Sample Input 2:
8 - - 4 5 0 6 - - 2 3 - 7 - - - -
Sample Output 2:
NO 1
题目思路:
大概意思:题目给出了n个,并分别给出了n个结点的左右孩子。题目要求判断该树是否是完全二叉树。如果是,输出YES和最后一个结点的编号,否则输出NO并且输出根节点的编号。
用结构体v[i].l和v[i].r分别表示i结点的左孩子和右孩子,并且对孩子结点标记。dfs搜索所有的结点一遍,没有被标记的结点便是根节点。
找到根节点后,我们可以层次遍历整棵树,如果搜索到孩子结点为-1的情况,则比较当前位置的编号和n的关系。如果相等,则是完全二叉树,否则不是。
题目代码:
#include <cstdio> #include <vector> #include <iostream> #include <queue> using namespace std; int n, temp, cnt, lastnode, root; string s1, s2; // 树 struct Tree{ int l,r; }; int main(){ cin>>n; vector<Tree>v(n); // 用来存放树 vector<int>m(n); for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){ cin>>s1>>s2; if(s1[0] != '-'){ temp = s1[0] - '0'; if(s1.length() == 2){ temp = s1[1] - '0' + temp * 10; } v[i].l = temp; // lc }else{ v[i].l = -1; } if(s2[0] != '-'){ temp = s2[0] - '0'; if(s2.length() == 2){ temp = s2[1] - '0' + temp * 10; } v[i].r = temp; // rc }else{ v[i].r = -1; } // m[i] i不能是负数 否则会异常退出 if(v[i].l != -1) m[v[i].l] = 1; if(v[i].r != -1) m[v[i].r] = 1; } // 寻找根节点 for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){ if(m[i] == 0){ root = i; break; } } // 层次遍历 queue<int>q; cnt = 0; lastnode = 0; q.push(root); while(!q.empty()){ int node = q.front(); if(node != -1){ cnt++; lastnode = node; }else{ if(cnt == n) printf("YES %d\n",lastnode); else printf("NO %d\n",root); break; } q.push(v[node].l); q.push(v[node].r); q.pop(); } return 0; }
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