【Android实战】----基于Retrofit实现多图片/文件、图文上传

本文代码详见：https://github.com/honghailiang/RetrofitUpLoadImage

一、再次膜拜下Retrofit

Retrofit无论从性能还是使用方便性上都很屌！！！，本文不去介绍其运作原理（虽然很想搞明白），后面会出专题文章解析Retrofit的内部原理；本文只是从使用上解析Retrofit实现多图片/文件、图文上传的功能。文件上传相关可参考Multipart/form-data文件上传简介 及Apache FileUpload文件上传功能 。

二、概念介绍

1）注解@Multipart
从字面上理解就是与多媒体文件相关的，没错，图片、文件等的上传都要用到该注解，其中每个部分需要使用@Part来注解。。看其注释/**
* Denotes that the request body is multi-part. Parts should be declared as parameters and
* annotated with {@link Part @Part}.
*/2）注解@PartMap
当然可以理解为使用@PartMap注释，传递多个Part，以实现多文件上传。注释/**
* Denotes name and value parts of a multi-part request.
* <p>
* Values of the map on which this annotation exists will be processed in one of two ways:
* <ul>
* <li>If the type is {@link okhttp3.RequestBody RequestBody} the value will be used
* directly with its content type.</li>
* <li>Other object types will be converted to an appropriate representation by using
* {@linkplain Converter a converter}.</li>
* </ul>
* <p>
* <pre><code>
* @Multipart
* @POST("/upload")
* Call<ResponseBody> upload(
* @Part("file") RequestBody file,
* @PartMap Map<String, RequestBody> params);
* </code></pre>
* <p>
* A {@code null} value for the map, as a key, or as a value is not allowed.
*
* @see Multipart
* @see Part
*/3）RequestBody
从上面注释中就可以看到参数类型是RequestBody，其就是请求体。文件上传就需要参数为RequestBody。官方使用说明如下http://square.github.io/retrofit/Multipart parts use one of Retrofit's converters or they can implement RequestBody to handle their own serialization.

四、基本实现

了解了以上概念，下面就一一实现
1）接口定义public interface IHttpService {
@Multipart
@POST("file/upLoad.do")
Call<BaseBean> upLoadAgree(@PartMap Map<String, RequestBody>params);
}BaseBean是根据服务端返回数据进行定义的，这个使用时可以根据自有Server定义。
2）Retrofit实现
/**
* Created by DELL on 2017/3/16.
* 上传文件用（包含图片）
*/

public class RetrofitHttpUpLoad {
/**
* 超时时间60s
*/
private static final long DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 60;
private volatile static RetrofitHttpUpLoad mInstance;
public Retrofit mRetrofit;
public IHttpService mHttpService;
private static Map<String, RequestBody> params;

private RetrofitHttpUpLoad() {
mRetrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(UrlConfig.ROOT_URL)
.client(genericClient())
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
mHttpService = mRetrofit.create(IHttpService.class);
}

public static RetrofitHttpUpLoad getInstance() {
if (mInstance == null) {
synchronized (RetrofitHttpUpLoad.class) {
if (mInstance == null)
mInstance = new RetrofitHttpUpLoad();
params = new HashMap<String, RequestBody>();
}
}
return mInstance;
}

/**
* 添加统一超时时间,http日志打印
*
* @return
*/
private OkHttpClient genericClient() {
HttpLoggingInterceptor logging = new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
logging.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.addInterceptor(logging)
.connectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
return httpClient;
}

/**
* 将call加入队列并实现回调
*
* @param call 调入的call
* @param retrofitCallBack 回调
* @param method 调用方法标志，回调用
* @param <T> 泛型参数
*/
public <T> void addToEnqueue(Call<T> call, final RetrofitCallBack retrofitCallBack, final int method) {
final Context context = MyApplication.getContext();
call.enqueue(new Callback<T>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<T> call, Response<T> response) {
LogUtil.d("retrofit back code ====" + response.code());
if (null != response.body()) {
if (response.code() == 200) {
LogUtil.d("retrofit back body ====" + new Gson().toJson(response.body()));
retrofitCallBack.onResponse(response, method);
} else {
LogUtil.d("toEnqueue, onResponse Fail:" + response.code());
ToastUtil.makeShortText(context, "网络连接错误" + response.code());
retrofitCallBack.onFailure(response, method);
}
} else {
LogUtil.d("toEnqueue, onResponse Fail m:" + response.message());
ToastUtil.makeShortText(context, "网络连接错误" + response.message());
retrofitCallBack.onFailure(response, method);
}
}

@Override
public void onFailure(Call<T> call, Throwable t) {
LogUtil.d("toEnqueue, onResponse Fail unKnown:" + t.getMessage());
t.printStackTrace();
ToastUtil.makeShortText(context, "网络连接错误" + t.getMessage());
retrofitCallBack.onFailure(null, method);
}
});
}

/**
* 添加参数
* 根据传进来的Object对象来判断是String还是File类型的参数
*/
public RetrofitHttpUpLoad addParameter(String key, Object o) {

if (o instanceof String) {
RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"), (String) o);
params.put(key, body);
} else if (o instanceof File) {
RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data;charset=UTF-8"), (File) o);
params.put(key + "\"; filename=\"" + ((File) o).getName() + "", body);
}
return this;
}

/**
* 构建RequestBody
*/
public Map<String, RequestBody> bulider() {

return params;
}

public void clear(){
params.clear();
}
}

其中定义了Retrofit实例、还用拦截器定义了统一的超时时间和日志打印；将call加入队列并实现回调。最重要的就是添加参数：

/**
* 添加参数
* 根据传进来的Object对象来判断是String还是File类型的参数
*/
public RetrofitHttpUpLoad addParameter(String key, Object o) {

if (o instanceof String) {
RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"), (String) o);
params.put(key, body);
} else if (o instanceof File) {
RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("multipart/form-data;charset=UTF-8"), (File) o);
params.put(key + "\"; filename=\"" + ((File) o).getName() + "", body);
}
return this;
}
这里就是根据传入的参数，返回不同的RequestBody, 注意文件的key值。

3）使用
private void upLoadAgree() {
showWaitDialog();
RetrofitHttpUpLoad retrofitHttpUpLoad = RetrofitHttpUpLoad.getInstance();
retrofitHttpUpLoad.clear();
if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(pathImage[0])){
retrofitHttpUpLoad = retrofitHttpUpLoad.addParameter("pic1",new File(pathImage[0]));
}
if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(pathImage[1])){
retrofitHttpUpLoad = retrofitHttpUpLoad.addParameter("pic2", new File(pathImage[1]));
}
if (!StringUtil.isEmpty(pathImage[2])){
retrofitHttpUpLoad = retrofitHttpUpLoad.addParameter("zip", new File(pathImage[2]));
}

Map<String, RequestBody> params = retrofitHttpUpLoad
.addParameter("status", "4")
.addParameter("pickupId", tv_orderquality_pid.getText().toString())
.addParameter("cause", reason)
.addParameter("connectname", et_orderquality_lxrname.getText().toString())
.addParameter("connectphone", et_orderquality_lxrphone.getText().toString())
.addParameter("details", et_orderquality_xqms.getText().toString())
.bulider();
retrofitHttpUpLoad.addToEnqueue(retrofitHttpUpLoad.mHttpService.upLoadAgree(params),
this, HttpStaticApi.HTTP_UPLOADAGREE);
}

需要注意的是要对图片及文件路径进行判空操作，否则会报异常W/System.err: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /: open failed: EISDIR (Is a directory)

五、报文日志

其中图片报文有省略
D/OkHttp: --> POST http://192.168.xxx.xxx:8880/xxx/nocheck/file/agree.do http/1.1
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 300580
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="pic2"; filename="90079.jpg"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: multipart/form-data;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 149456
D/OkHttp: ??????JFIF????H??H????????C??
D/OkHttp: "##! %*5-%'2( .?/279<<<$-BFA:F5;<9????C
D/OkHttp: 9& &99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999?????8"????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????|???/n?s??y?]8ug?7?R??????h?tΘa?T?T<?U???z???+3C?w??tdf??=<??????fN??s??x??hhzd??X~?X??i?{~/?<^??~=zX??\??4?U?ɡ)I???????????????????$??@??? iM?"J?R 2?f?MK5x#w?????r?I?3?Y??l???V?Bj??>{??t?u????]????g>?o??o???dM?U??????J?R??<?+?;??????????OG>????=?5?L?9?&???_/\?yu??~|*,???My?r????????='?d?=?t*??*?Y??(???????????????? YB i?Jlv??d?"l????Y??4??X?7???;??sY?\κ+?N??;?L??&?(?MJ???@w~~???a?qs??m7??y???Ns?\?C?g??>???N%??N??gs?Q??c????Z?t???x??{??^_}s?s??gO?????N?|}?;??y?y?ǎ｜?v??N?l???????????*k5?(?????????1$?B??j?+,?l???hN??U?<sgb?g?x?S??;;c?,??7?0Z?J?I?r??X?9?t?'\?1W+
D/OkHttp: [?? ????=/X???n??T*4?u??<?????s?q??????c???\?6?YV?p????oB%??|?s??????????{??g??k?}?t??d{]^W???v?WB?x???|z9?>V?{ǒ>?o??Y????xk?k7???{w????b?!JQjRQ%RH?%8?H??Q??Ys?{???u??(?`?b\??k?cC:u#???d?C??&??W.CXd?e??N??n????.?%v?,.zW?>??&??+??r??S'?.n?[ V? ?q??oGL?,:?S??????/?o<???,?B???;??????^[?#Lm??7.Q?6sONz??fwN?
D/OkHttp: ???,?\????
D/OkHttp: ???U<???1?Z???=??pn?~q??[-?P??=?j?va?R? ??4X*???nv?H??j?j?p??`h#-???qiA?U?????x?&v?b?R??o?.??H[M5??Y??5?>%Y?j????x?2.m??=??GG???
D/OkHttp: \?D??(?JK9<J???JE?jl??pW
D/OkHttp: ??}??i?6??R??:!J??FT?!e???
D/OkHttp: ????:??5????%??`?|???;z?G??[?P???N=???T??X?-?okNe???Y??f8?`:?P???x?1?I?g ?0?)?fe*P?qU?~?jSY%??gɡR?(?$A?|y?}??s?2?<?/??4?s??@-?,??AZ?az?,??bl?.??WD??????q?X?u}?+G?z?h8=?w[`?j??g&q?c????????<|??|? 1????q^???
D/OkHttp: 5??)x???:*dK??|?KPz5v?4?+?>eO?4??i?P2F?&\9???? -V?esf~&F?Q??S?\???8{??*B?1qVO????-S??!?????????*6??
D/OkHttp: 3?5W?r?x??+?\?r???6??C??Ms,H?AE??=q??????(??f?=,????Z??+????L??<??v_i-?m|????6??L???=?4?Y?{?W??9=??\AW???~??{@!?^ Z6??,?k>|??C
D/OkHttp: aZ??-?ы??R?K???1?6`'??F%/4wZ?Cn????[?]?el??U&[???1db-4????????~er!?4??>ji?]??AV?[v??e??`θo???帏!(??Pk?XCI??Glk-p??p ?B?b???ae???d?]-|"??*??`??l??Tmn`???
D/OkHttp: R?G??h?DETp???i???^????u?E??1?wW%?<????????3e??V???? **m??9V??O?R??f?b?
D/OkHttp: ??j%)^?$??g?\?Qm^`??
D/OkHttp: ? ?[*?\?@/T@,?|@\$F?????v_??uA???:?9>%B????1 =?D]{?"??*^??q1??i??B?bs?L_???? e??W?2??pDR?Q??M?? ?{????7S?????Dzcb\??????0?????u? h???e??7X??)?s{??DIqf???QdM??V?????r??MTk?=??+?>b0?b???i?\?lI??H?P??,?Pn[]??.?`.X?=A?I?P?@?<~??Px??.???9?(??:=??5E?n?!l??? 5???ee_??'[????p?d??1?)g?s<????kop?вd?19m?ft??ab????????j?5/pT?M?xBb??8???z??????wX??V??|~x????????c?Rsx???D???ixH??ud?50??MΘ7???<?^I???i?`?????f?A?????????;?U?H????a~?W臸?@O?'u\-???????CN,????-???@?+"n?:y???G |S??C?F5?????Ix?????)?????b 22???jRj????j?,K?K"￥</?G?w/ *?W????sn??L????n?n????? k????"?*??~?9??<4?,c?d>?EG??iB??0+??i?Y??D???p???????S|.?2???# &??"v?Y??P??O?#EK???,J?6U?>a???;?-rM??@???^b??@??K?????PI??4?qM|??V??h[Ld??R????or?U?M??)_?J?^S?41n}?@n|??
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="cause"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 33
D/OkHttp: 对货物数量、质量有异议
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="details"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 9
D/OkHttp: 哈哈哈
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="status"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 1
D/OkHttp: 4
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="pickupId"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 6
D/OkHttp: 105329
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="connectphone"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 11
D/OkHttp: 13xxxxxxxxx
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108
D/OkHttp: Content-Disposition: form-data; name="connectname"
D/OkHttp: Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
D/OkHttp: Content-Type: text/plain;charset=UTF-8
D/OkHttp: Content-Length: 3
D/OkHttp: 111
D/OkHttp: --f3e7369a-ead9-46e2-9ddd-448442fd5108--
D/OkHttp: --> END POST (300580-byte body)

六、代码托管

https://github.com/honghailiang/RetrofitUpLoadImage

七、效果图：

八、服务端代码

FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
File directory = null;
List<FileItem> items = new ArrayList<FileItem>();

InputStream is = null;

FileOutputStream fos = null;

try {
items = upload.parseRequest(request);
// 得到所有的文件
Iterator<FileItem> it = items.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
FileItem fItem = (FileItem) it.next();
String fName = "";
Object fValue = null;
if (fItem.isFormField()) { // 普通文本框的值
fName = fItem.getFieldName();
fValue = fItem.getString("UTF-8");

if("pickupId".equals(fName)){
pickupAppeal.setPickupId(fValue.toString());
}else if("cause".equals(fName)){
pickupAppeal.setCause(fValue.toString());
}else if("connectname".equals(fName)){
pickupAppeal.setConnectname(fValue.toString());
}else if("connectphone".equals(fName)){
pickupAppeal.setConnectphone(fValue.toString());
}else if("details".equals(fName)){
pickupAppeal.setDetails(fValue.toString());
}else if("status".equals(fName)){
String status = fValue.toString();
BigDecimal big = new BigDecimal(status);
pickupAppeal.setStatus(big);
}

//map.put(fName, fValue);
} else { // 获取上传文件的值
fName = fItem.getFieldName();
fValue = fItem.getInputStream();
String name = fItem.getName();
if (name != null && !("".equals(name))) {
name = name.substring(name.lastIndexOf(File.separator) + 1);
int lenN =name.indexOf(".");
String suf = name.substring(lenN, name.length());

String day = DateUtil.format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime(),
"yyyy-MM-dd");
String path = PATH+File.separator+day;
directory = new File(path);
if (!directory.exists()) {
directory.mkdirs();
}

String preFile =UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");

String filePath = path + File.separator+preFile+suf;
String serverPath = day+ File.separator+preFile+suf;
map.put(fName, serverPath);
map.put(fName+"m", name);
is = fItem.getInputStream();
fos = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
while ((len = is.read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) {
fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
fos.flush();

}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
pLog.error("接收参数错误：" + e.getMessage());
resultInfo.setStatus(ComStatus.RESULTINFO_STATUS_FAILE);
resultInfo.setMessage(ComStatus.RESULTINFO_MESSAGE_FAILE);

resultInfo.setData(map);
resReslt.setResData(resultInfo);
} finally {
try {
if (null != fos) {
fos.close();
}

if (null != is) {
is.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}