用Python做测试——Requests包的基本用法

二、Requests包的基本用法

a、发送GET请求

#coding:utf-8
import requests

'将域名所在的地址赋给变量host'
host = 'https://github.com'

"""
'host + 路由地址，共同构成url'
'params为url参数'
结构为：host+路由地址+'?参数名称1=参数值1&参数名称1=参数值1'
"""

#exmaple:不带参数的get请求
response = requests.get(host+'/timeline.json',params=None)
#打印为text，即字符串
print response.text

 

####################################
host = 'http://httpbin.org'
#exmaple:带参数
#表达方式一
payload = {'key1':'value1','key2':'value2'}

response = requests.get(host+'/get',
params=payload)
print response.text

#表达方式二
params = 'key1=value1&key2=value2'
response = requests.get(host+'/get?'+params)
print response.text

 

####################################返回值

#复合字典类型的应用

{

  "args": {

    "key1": "value1",

    "key2": "value2"

  },

  "headers": {

    "Accept": "*/*",

    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",

    "Host": "httpbin.org",

    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.13.0"

  },

  "origin": "210.177.57.97",

  "url": "http://httpbin.org/get?key1=value1&key2=value2"

}

b、发送POST请求

#coding:utf-8
import requests

'将域名所在的地址赋给变量host'
host = 'http://httpbin.org/post'

# example一：以发送一些编码为表单形式的数据,非常像一个 HTML 表单
payload = {'key1':
'value1', 'key2':
'value2'}

r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post",
data=payload)
print r.text

 

#coding:utf-8
import requests
import json #add import

'将域名所在的地址赋给变量host'
host = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'

# example二：接受编码为 JSON 的 POST数据
payload =  {'some':
'data'}

r = requests.post("https://api.github.com/some/endpoint",
json=payload)
print r.text

c、常用返回方法

'返回响应为字符串类型'
r.text
'返回http状态码'
r.status_code
'返回响应为json类型'
r.json()