调用麦克风列阵进行录音

定义音频捕捉设备（SoundRecord类）

public const int cNotifyNum = 16;       // 缓冲队列的数目
private int mNextCaptureOffset = 0;      // 该次录音缓冲区的起始点
private int mSampleCount = 0;            // 录制的样本数目
private int mNotifySize = 0;             // 每次通知大小
private int mBufferSize = 0;             // 缓冲队列大小
private string mFileName = string.Empty;     // 文件名
private FileStream mWaveFile = null;         // 文件流
private BinaryWriter mWriter = null;         // 写文件
private Capture mCapDev = null;              // 音频捕捉设备
private CaptureBuffer mRecBuffer = null;     // 缓冲区对象
private Notify mNotify = null;               // 消息通知对象
private WaveFormat mWavFormat;                       // 录音的格式
private Thread mNotifyThread = null;                 // 处理缓冲区消息的线程
private AutoResetEvent mNotificationEvent = null;    // 通知事件

public SoundRecord()
{
InitializeComponent();
// 初始化音频捕捉设备
InitCaptureDevice();
// 设定录音格式
mWavFormat = CreateWaveFormat();
}
///
/// 设定录音结束后保存的文件,包括路径
///
/// 保存wav文件的路径名
public void SetFileName(string filename)
{
mFileName = filename;
}
///
/// 开始录音
///
public void RecStart()
{
// 创建录音文件
CreateSoundFile();
// 创建一个录音缓冲区，并开始录音
CreateCaptureBuffer();
// 建立通知消息,当缓冲区满的时候处理方法
InitNotifications();
mRecBuffer.Start(true);
}
///
/// 停止录音
///
public void RecStop()
{
// 关闭通知消息
if (null != mNotificationEvent)
mNotificationEvent.Set();
// 停止录音
mRecBuffer.Stop();
// 写入缓冲区最后的数据
RecordCapturedData();
// 回写长度信息
mWriter.Seek(4, SeekOrigin.Begin);
mWriter.Write((int)(mSampleCount + 36));   // 写文件长度
mWriter.Seek(40, SeekOrigin.Begin);
mWriter.Write(mSampleCount);                // 写数据长度
mWriter.Close();
mWaveFile.Close();
mWriter = null;
mWaveFile = null;
}
///
/// 初始化录音设备,此处使用主录音设备.
///
/// 调用成功返回true,否则返回false
private bool InitCaptureDevice()
{
// 获取默认音频捕捉设备
CaptureDevicesCollection devices = new CaptureDevicesCollection(); // 枚举音频捕捉设备
Guid deviceGuid = Guid.Empty;                                       // 音频捕捉设备的ID
if (devices.Count > 0)
deviceGuid = devices[0].DriverGuid;
else
{
MessageBox.Show("系统中没有音频捕捉设备");
return false;
}
// 用指定的捕捉设备创建Capture对象
try
{
mCapDev = new Capture(deviceGuid);
}
catch (DirectXException e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
return false;
}
return true;
}
///
/// 创建录音格式,此处使用16bit,16KHz,Mono的录音格式
///
/// WaveFormat结构体
private WaveFormat CreateWaveFormat()
{
WaveFormat format = new WaveFormat();
format.FormatTag = WaveFormatTag.Pcm;   // PCM
format.SamplesPerSecond = 16000;        // 16KHz
format.BitsPerSample = 16;              // 16Bit
format.Channels = 1;                    // Mono
format.BlockAlign = (short)(format.Channels * (format.BitsPerSample / 8));
format.AverageBytesPerSecond = format.BlockAlign * format.SamplesPerSecond;
return format;
}
///
/// 创建录音使用的缓冲区
///
private void CreateCaptureBuffer()
{
// 缓冲区的描述对象
CaptureBufferDescription bufferdescription = new CaptureBufferDescription();
if (null != mNotify)
{
mNotify.Dispose();
mNotify = null;
}
if (null != mRecBuffer)
{
mRecBuffer.Dispose();
mRecBuffer = null;
}
// 设定通知的大小,默认为1s钟
mNotifySize = (1024 > mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond / 8) ? 1024 : (mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond / 8);
mNotifySize -= mNotifySize % mWavFormat.BlockAlign;
// 设定缓冲区大小
mBufferSize = mNotifySize * cNotifyNum;
// 创建缓冲区描述
bufferdescription.BufferBytes = mBufferSize;
bufferdescription.Format = mWavFormat;           // 录音格式
// 创建缓冲区
mRecBuffer = new CaptureBuffer(bufferdescription, mCapDev);
mNextCaptureOffset = 0;
}
///
/// 初始化通知事件,将原缓冲区分成16个缓冲队列,在每个缓冲队列的结束点设定通知点.
///
/// 是否成功
private bool InitNotifications()
{
if (null == mRecBuffer)
{
MessageBox.Show("未创建录音缓冲区");
return false;
}
// 创建一个通知事件,当缓冲队列满了就激发该事件.
mNotificationEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);
// 创建一个线程管理缓冲区事件
if (null == mNotifyThread)
{
mNotifyThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WaitThread));
mNotifyThread.Start();
}
// 设定通知的位置
BufferPositionNotify[] PositionNotify = new BufferPositionNotify[cNotifyNum + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < cNotifyNum; i++)
{
PositionNotify[i].Offset = (mNotifySize * i) + mNotifySize - 1;
PositionNotify[i].EventNotifyHandle = mNotificationEvent.Handle;
}
mNotify = new Notify(mRecBuffer);
mNotify.SetNotificationPositions(PositionNotify, cNotifyNum);
return true;
}
///
/// 将录制的数据写入wav文件
///
private void RecordCapturedData()
{
byte[] CaptureData = null;
int ReadPos;
int CapturePos;
int LockSize;
mRecBuffer.GetCurrentPosition(out CapturePos, out ReadPos);
LockSize = ReadPos - mNextCaptureOffset;
if (LockSize < 0)
LockSize += mBufferSize;
// 对齐缓冲区边界,实际上由于开始设定完整,这个操作是多余的.
LockSize -= (LockSize % mNotifySize);
if (0 == LockSize)
return;
// 读取缓冲区内的数据
CaptureData = (byte[])mRecBuffer.Read(mNextCaptureOffset, typeof(byte), LockFlag.None, LockSize);
// 写入Wav文件
mWriter.Write(CaptureData, 0, CaptureData.Length);
// 更新已经录制的数据长度.
mSampleCount += CaptureData.Length;
// 移动录制数据的起始点,通知消息只负责指示产生消息的位置,并不记录上次录制的位置
mNextCaptureOffset += CaptureData.Length;
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tCaptureOffset %= mBufferSize; // Circular buffer
}
///
/// 接收缓冲区满消息的处理线程
///
private void WaitThread()
{
while (true)
{
// 等待缓冲区的通知消息
mNotificationEvent.WaitOne(Timeout.Infinite, true);
// 录制数据
RecordCapturedData();
}
}
///
/// 创建保存的波形文件,并写入必要的文件头.
///
private void CreateSoundFile()
{
// Open up the wave file for writing.
mWaveFile = new FileStream(mFileName, FileMode.Create);
mWriter = new BinaryWriter(mWaveFile);
// Set up file with RIFF chunk info.
char[] ChunkRiff = { 'R', 'I', 'F', 'F' };
char[] ChunkType = { 'W', 'A', 'V', 'E' };
char[] ChunkFmt = { 'f', 'm', 't', ' ' };
char[] ChunkData = { 'd', 'a', 't', 'a' };
short shPad = 1;                // File padding
int nFormatChunkLength = 0x10; // Format chunk length.
int nLength = 0;                // File length, minus first 8 bytes of RIFF description. This will be filled in later.
short shBytesPerSample = 0;     // Bytes per sample.
// 一个样本点的字节数目
if (8 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 1 == mWavFormat.Channels)
shBytesPerSample = 1;
else if ((8 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 2 == mWavFormat.Channels) || (16 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 1 == mWavFormat.Channels))
shBytesPerSample = 2;
else if (16 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 2 == mWavFormat.Channels)
shBytesPerSample = 4;
// RIFF 块
mWriter.Write(ChunkRiff);
mWriter.Write(nLength);
mWriter.Write(ChunkType);
// WAVE块
mWriter.Write(ChunkFmt);
mWriter.Write(nFormatChunkLength);
mWriter.Write(shPad);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.Channels);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.SamplesPerSecond);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond);
mWriter.Write(shBytesPerSample);
mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.BitsPerSample);
// 数据块
mWriter.Write(ChunkData);
mWriter.Write((int)0);   // The sample length will be written in later.
}

外部窗体调用方式

声明部分：

private SoundRecord recorder = null;    // 录音

窗体构造函数：

recorder = new SoundRecord();

启动录音按钮：
string wavfile = null;

wavfile = "test.wav";

recorder.SetFileName(wavfile);

recorder.RecStart();

中止录音按钮：
recorder.RecStop();

recorder = null;

需要添加的外部引用文件

在系统的System32目录下添加以下两个引用文件，如果没有，在DirectX的开发包内可以找到。

Microsoft.DirectX.dll

Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.dll