[置顶] Android使用MediaRecorder实现录音及播放

现在项目中有使用到音视频相关技术，在参考了网上各种大牛的资料及根据自己项目实际情况（兼容安卓6.0以上版本动态权限管理等），
把声音录制及播放相关代码做个记录。

public class MediaRecorderActivity extends BaseActivity {
private Button start_tv;
private ListView listView;
//线程操作
private ExecutorService mExecutorService;
//录音API
private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
//录音开始时间与结束时间
private long startTime, endTime;
//录音所保存的文件
private File mAudioFile;
//文件列表数据
private List<FileBean> dataList;
//录音文件数据列表适配器
private AudioAdapter mAudioAdapter;
//录音文件保存位置
private String mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/audio/";
//当前是否正在播放
private volatile boolean isPlaying;
//播放音频文件API
private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;
//使用Handler更新UI线程
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
switch (msg.what) {
case Constant.RECORD_SUCCESS:
//录音成功，展示数据
if (null == mAudioAdapter) {
mAudioAdapter = new AudioAdapter(MediaRecorderActivity.this, dataList, R.layout.file_item_layout);
}
listView.setAdapter(mAudioAdapter);
break;
//录音失败
case Constant.RECORD_FAIL:
showToastMsg(getString(R.string.record_fail));
break;
//录音时间太短
case Constant.RECORD_TOO_SHORT:
showToastMsg(getString(R.string.time_too_short));
break;
case Constant.PLAY_COMPLETION:
showToastMsg(getString(R.string.play_over));
break;
case Constant.PLAY_ERROR:
showToastMsg(getString(R.string.play_error));
break;

}
}
};

@Override
protected void setWindowView() {
setContentView(R.layout.activity_record);
//录音及播放要使用单线程操作
mExecutorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
dataList = new ArrayList<>();
}

@Override
protected void initViews() {
this.start_tv = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start_tv);
this.listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
}

@Override
protected void initEvents() {
//类似微信等应用按住说话进行录音，所以用OnTouch事件
this.start_tv.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
switch (motionEvent.getAction()) {
//按下操作
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
//安卓6.0以上录音相应权限处理
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 22) {
permissionForM();
} else {
startRecord();
}
break;
//松开操作
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
stopRecord();
break;
}
//对OnTouch事件做了处理，返回true
return true;
}
});
//点击播放对应的录音文件
this.listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
//使用MediaPlayer播放声音文件
startPlay(dataList.get(i).getFile());
}
});
}

/**
* @description 开始进行录音
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 9:18
*/
private void startRecord() {
start_tv.setText(R.string.stop_by_up);
start_tv.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.bg_gray_round);
//异步任务执行录音操作
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//播放前释放资源
releaseRecorder();
//执行录音操作
recordOperation();
}
});
}

/**
* @description 录音失败处理
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 9:35
*/
private void recordFail() {
mAudioFile = null;
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.RECORD_FAIL);
}

/**
* @description 录音操作
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 9:34
*/
private void recordOperation() {
//创建MediaRecorder对象
mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
//创建录音文件,.m4a为MPEG-4音频标准的文件的扩展名
mAudioFile = new File(mFilePath + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".m4a");
//创建父文件夹
mAudioFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
try {
//创建文件
mAudioFile.createNewFile();
//配置mMediaRecorder相应参数
//从麦克风采集声音数据
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
//设置保存文件格式为MP4
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
//设置采样频率,44100是所有安卓设备都支持的频率,频率越高，音质越好，当然文件越大
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSamplingRate(44100);
//设置声音数据编码格式,音频通用格式是AAC
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);
//设置编码频率
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncodingBitRate(96000);
//设置录音保存的文件
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mAudioFile.getAbsolutePath());
//开始录音
mMediaRecorder.prepare();
mMediaRecorder.start();
//记录开始录音时间
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
recordFail();
}
}

/**
* @description 结束录音操作
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 9:18
*/
private void stopRecord() {
start_tv.setText(R.string.speak_by_press);
start_tv.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.bg_white_round);
//停止录音
mMediaRecorder.stop();
//记录停止时间
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
//录音时间处理，比如只有大于2秒的录音才算成功
int time = (int) ((endTime - startTime) / 1000);
if (time >= 3) {
//录音成功,添加数据
FileBean bean = new FileBean();
bean.setFile(mAudioFile);
bean.setFileLength(time);
dataList.add(bean);
//录音成功,发Message
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.RECORD_SUCCESS);
} else {
mAudioFile = null;
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.RECORD_TOO_SHORT);
}
//录音完成释放资源
releaseRecorder();
}

/**
* @description 翻放录音相关资源
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 9:33
*/
private void releaseRecorder() {
if (null != mMediaRecorder) {
mMediaRecorder.release();
mMediaRecorder = null;
}
}

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {

}

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//页面销毁，线程要关闭
mExecutorService.shutdownNow();
}
/*******6.0以上版本手机权限处理***************************/
/**
* @description 兼容手机6.0权限管理
* @author ldm
* @time 2016/5/24 14:59
*/
private void permissionForM() {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
Constant.PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_FOR_AUDIO);
} else {
startRecord();
}

}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
@NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

if (requestCode == Constant.PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_FOR_AUDIO) {
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
startRecord();
}
return;
}
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}

/**
* @description 播放音频
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 16:54
*/
private void playAudio(final File mFile) {
if (null != mFile && !isPlaying) {
isPlaying = true;
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
startPlay(mFile);
}
});
}
}

/**
* @description 开始播放音频文件
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 16:56
*/
private void startPlay(File mFile) {
try {
//初始化播放器
mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
//设置播放音频数据文件
mediaPlayer.setDataSource(mFile.getAbsolutePath());
//设置播放监听事件
mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {
@Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mediaPlayer) {
//播放完成
playEndOrFail(true);
}
});
//播放发生错误监听事件
mediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(new MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener() {
@Override
public boolean onError(MediaPlayer mediaPlayer, int i, int i1) {
playEndOrFail(false);
return true;
}
});
//播放器音量配置
mediaPlayer.setVolume(1, 1);
//是否循环播放
mediaPlayer.setLooping(false);
//准备及播放
mediaPlayer.prepare();
mediaPlayer.start();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//播放失败正理
playEndOrFail(false);
}

}

/**
* @description 停止播放或播放失败处理
* @author ldm
* @time 2017/2/9 16:58
*/
private void playEndOrFail(boolean isEnd) {
isPlaying = false;
if (isEnd) {
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.PLAY_COMPLETION);
} else {
mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.PLAY_ERROR);
}
if (null != mediaPlayer) {
mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(null);
mediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(null);
mediaPlayer.stop();
mediaPlayer.reset();
mediaPlayer.release();
mediaPlayer = null;
}
}
}

<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">

<Button
android:id="@+id/start_tv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="开始录音"
android:textSize="16sp"
/>

<ListView
android:id="@+id/listview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:divider="#d1d1d1"
android:dividerHeight="1dp"
android:scrollbars="none"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"></ListView>

</LinearLayout>

<resources>
<string name="app_name">mediarecorder</string>
<string name="record_fail">录音失败</string>
<string name="time_too_short">时间太短，请重新录音</string>
<string name="play_over">播放完成</string>
<string name="play_error">抱歉，播放发生异常</string>
<string name="stop_by_up">松开停止录音</string>
<string name="speak_by_press">按住说话</string>
<string name="start_record">开始录音</string>
<string name="stop_record">停止录音</string>
</resources>

<!--SD卡权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<!--录音权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>