.NET Unity IOC框架使用实例

1.IOC简介

IOC(Inversion of Control)， 控制反转

DI (Dependency Injection)，依赖注入

IOC的基本概念是：不创建对象，但是描述创建它们的方式。在代码中不直接与对象和服务连接，但在配置文件中描述哪一个组件需要哪一项服务。容器负责将这些联系在一起。

2.Unity引入

3.创建单例模式容器类

using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace UnityIocTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Unity IOC单例模式
/// </summary>
public class UnitySingleton
{
//单例
private static UnitySingleton instance;

//ioc容器
public IUnityContainer container;

//获取单例
public static UnitySingleton getInstance()
{
if (instance == null || instance.container == null)
{
string configFile = "Unity.config";
var fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap { ExeConfigFilename = configFile };
//从config文件中读取配置信息
Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
//获取指定名称的配置节
UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection("unity");
instance = new UnitySingleton()
{
//container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration((UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity"), "MyContainer")
container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration(section, "MyContainer")
//container = new UnityContainer()
};
//instance.container.RegisterType<IExampleClass, ExampleClass>();
}
return instance;
}

//IOC注入实体
public static T GetInstanceDAL<T>()
{
return getInstance().container.Resolve<T>();
}
}
}此处是将Unity config配置单独成一个文件，方便管理。

4.添加IOC相关类

接口类

public interface IExampleClass
{
void DoHelloWord();
}具体实现类
public class ExampleClass : IExampleClass
{
public void DoHelloWord()
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello Word!");
}
}

实现类扩展

public class DIExampleClass
{
//属性注入
[Dependency]
public IExampleClass example { get; set; }

private IExampleClass testInject;

public void DoWork()
{
example.DoHelloWord();
testInject.DoHelloWo
4000
rd();
}

//方法注入
[InjectionMethod]
public void Initialize(IExampleClass instance)
{
testInject = instance;
}
}

5.添加配置文件Unity.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection,Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" />
</configSections>
<unity>
<!--定义类型别名-->
<aliases>
<add alias="IExampleClass" type="UnityIocTest.IExampleClass,UnityIocTest" />
<add alias="ExampleClass" type="UnityIocTest.ExampleClass,UnityIocTest" />
</aliases>
<!--容器-->
<container name="MyContainer">
<!--映射关系-->
<!--<register type="IExampleClass" mapTo="ExampleClass"></register>-->
<register type="UnityIocTest.IExampleClass,UnityIocTest" mapTo="UnityIocTest.ExampleClass,UnityIocTest"></register>
</container>
</unity>
</configuration>

6.函数调用

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//var dao = UnitySingleton.GetInstanceDAL<IExampleClass>();
var dao = UnitySingleton.GetInstanceDAL<DIExampleClass>();
dao.DoWork();
Console.ReadLine();
}
}

7.结果显示

Hello Word!

Hello Word!