【Spring实战4】10--搭建SpringMVC环境

1、Eclipse创建maven project

创建完成后报错：The superclass “javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet” was not found on the Java Build Path

解决方法：右键项目–>propertites—>Project facets—Run time里勾选配置好的tomcat，点击oK，错误消失

如果没有安装好tomcat，请自行安装后。

如果工程中没有显示maven Dependency，在本地的classpath文件中增加后就会显示

<classpathentry kind=”con” path=”org.eclipse.m2e.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER”/>

2、增加springmvc 所需jar 包

　　　　两个maven依赖，spring-context；spring-mvc。maven就会自动下载所有关联的jar包，包括

spring-webmvc

spring-beans

spring-core

spring-expression

spring-web

spring-context

spring-aop

aopalliance

commons-logging

所以只需在pom文件里增加如下：

<!-- 配置Spring MVC jar -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.3.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

问题：

maven提示invalid LOC header (bad signature)的解决办法，删除仓库的jar文件，重新update project

在工程中增加3个source folder，分别为src/main/java, src/main/resources,src/test/java. 工程如下所示：



在项目中增加src/main/webapp目录，把source folder中webapp目录下文件copy进去，删除掉自己创建的src。完善webapp目录如下



配置webapp目录为webroot目录，



配置完成后，修改web.xml文件，如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app  version="3.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"> 
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
<!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->
</context-param>

<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
<!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/[servlet名字]-servlet.xml -->
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

在WEB-INF目录下创建applicationContext.xml和servletName-servlet.xml

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> 
</beans>

SpringMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="hello" />
</beans>

增加contorller类

package helloTest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public @ResponseBody String testHello() {
return "Hello,spring mvc";
}

}

在SpringMVC-servlet.xml增加设置使用注解的类所在的jar包

<context:component-scan base-package=”helloTest” />

部署tomcat，执行测试



这时已完成所有环境搭建工作，引用 xingoo 的博客总结如下：

1 两个maven依赖，spring-context；spring-mvc。maven就会自动下载所有关联的jar包，包括

spring-webmvc

spring-beans

spring-core

spring-expression

spring-web

spring-context

spring-aop

aopalliance

commons-logging

2 一个web.xml文件，配置了listener和servlet
3 两个spring相关的文件，applicationContext.xml和servletName-servlet.xml
4 一个controller文件，配置了拦截的url处理代码