[TPYBoard - Micropython之会python就能做硬件 3] 制作电子时钟

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一、本次实验所需器材

1、TPYboard V102板 一块

2、DS3231模块 一块

3、NOKIA 5110 LCD 屏 一块

4、杜邦线：若干

===感谢某宝“萝卜城”提供的TPYboard V102豪华版套餐===

二、DS3231模块

1、什么是DS3231

DS3231是低成本、高精度I2C实时时钟(RTC)，具有集成的温补晶振(TCXO)和晶体。该器件包含电池输入端，断开主电源时仍可保持精确的计时。集成晶振提高了器件的长期精确度，并减少了生产线的元件数量。DS3231提供商用级和工业级温度范围，采用16引脚300mil的SO封装。RTC保存秒、分、时、星期、日期、月和年信息。少于31天的月份，将自动调整月末的日期，包括闰年的修正。时钟的工作格式可以是24小时或带/AM/PM指示的12小时格式。提供两个可设置的日历闹钟和一个可设置的方波输出。地址与数据通过I2C双向总线串行传输。

2、DS3231与TPYBoardv102的连接（IIC连接）

DS3231与TPYBoard V102使用IIC连接方法，使用DS3231的SCL,SDA,VCC,GND四个针脚即可设定读出当前时间，对应如下表：

DS3231	TPYboard V102
GND	GND
SCL	X9
SDA	X10
VCC	3.3V

这里IIC常用命令如下：

》 i2c.deinit()，解除I2C定义
》 i2c.init(mode, *, addr=0x12, baudrate=400000, gencall=False)，初始化
. mode，只能是 I2C.MASTER 或 I2C.SLAVE
.addr，7位I2C地址
.baudrate，时钟频率
.gencall，通用调用模式
》 i2c.is_ready(addr)，检测I2C设备是否响应，只对主模式有效
》 i2c.mem_read(data, addr, memaddr, *, timeout=5000, addr_size=8)，读取数据
.data，整数或者缓存
.addr，设备地址
. memaddr，内存地址
. timeout，读取等待超时时间
.addr_size，memaddr的大小。8位或16位
》 i2c.mem_write(data, addr, memaddr, *, timeout=5000, addr_size=8)，写入数据，参数含义同上
》 i2c.recv(recv, addr=0x00, *, timeout=5000)，从总线读取数据
. recv，需要读取数据数量，或者缓冲区
. addr，I2C地址
. timeout，超时时间
》 i2c.send(send, addr=0x00, *, timeout=5000)
. send，整数或者缓冲区
. addr，I2C地址
. timeout，超时时间
》 i2c.scan()，搜索I2C总线上设备。

三、调试DS3231模块

1、TPYBoard V102的调试

如何能够时时对TPYBoard V102的输出进行调试和查看呢？这里需要用到putty工具。

第一步：将TPYBoard V102与pc通过usb线进行连接，然后通过设备管理器查看其对应的端口号。



第二步：打开putty,如下图进行填写。



第三步：点击确定，进入调试窗口，此时屏幕上显示"hello world"，是因为main.py程序做了修改，否则不显示。

#main.py

# main.py -- put your code here!
import pyb
print "hello world！！"

第四步：这时就可以在命令行进行调试，常用的几个组合键如下：

Ctrl + C:终止程序

Ctrl + D:重新运行。

2、连接DS3231进行调试

DS3231的连接方法见上文。

第一步：DS3231时间设定，以设定2017年1月25日为例。在TPYBoard V102里添加DS3231.py文件，修改main.py，具体代码如下：

#DS3231.py

import pyb
from pyb import I2C

DS3231_ADDR       = const(0x68)
DS3231_REG_SEC    = const(0x00)
DS3231_REG_MIN    = const(0x01)
DS3231_REG_HOUR   = const(0x02)
DS3231_REG_WEEKDAY= const(0x03)
DS3231_REG_DAY    = const(0x04)
DS3231_REG_MONTH  = const(0x05)
DS3231_REG_YEAR   = const(0x06)
DS3231_REG_A1SEC  = const(0x07)
DS3231_REG_A1MIN  = const(0x08)
DS3231_REG_A1HOUR = const(0x09)
DS3231_REG_A1DAY  = const(0x0A)
DS3231_REG_A2MIN  = const(0x0B)
DS3231_REG_A2HOUR = const(0x0C)
DS3231_REG_A2DAY  = const(0x0D)
DS3231_REG_CTRL   = const(0x0E)
DS3231_REG_STA    = const(0x0F)
DS3231_REG_OFF    = const(0x10)
DS3231_REG_TEMP   = const(0x11)

class ds3231(object):
def __init__(self, i2c_num):
self.i2c = I2C(i2c_num, I2C.MASTER, baudrate = 100000)

def DATE(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.year())
t.append(self.month())
t.append(self.day())
return t
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2])

def TIME(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.hour())
t.append(self.min())
t.append(self.sec())
return t
else:
self.hour(dat[0])
self.min(dat[1])
self.sec(dat[2])

def DateTime(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
return self.DATE() + self.TIME()
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2])
self.hour(dat[3])
self.min(dat[4])
self.sec(dat[5])

def dec2hex(self, dat):
return (int(dat/10)<<4) + (dat%10)

def setREG(self, dat, reg):
buf = bytearray(2)
buf[0] = reg
buf[1] = dat
self.i2c.send(buf, DS3231_ADDR)

def getREG_DEC(self, reg):
self.i2c.send(reg, DS3231_ADDR)
t = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
return (t>>4)*10 + (t%16)

def sec(self, sec=''):
if sec == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_SEC)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(sec), DS3231_REG_SEC)

def min(self, min=''):
if min == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MIN)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(min), DS3231_REG_MIN)

def hour(self, hour=''):
if hour=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_HOUR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(hour), DS3231_REG_HOUR)

def day(self, day=''):
if day=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_DAY)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(day), DS3231_REG_DAY)

def month(self, month=''):
if month=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MONTH)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(month), DS3231_REG_MONTH)

def year(self, year=''):
if year=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_YEAR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(year), DS3231_REG_YEAR)

def TEMP(self):
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP, DS3231_ADDR)
t1 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP+1, DS3231_ADDR)
t2 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
if t1>0x7F:
return t1 - t2/256 -256
else:
return t1 + t2/256

#main.py

# main.py -- put your code here!
from ds3231 import ds3231
ds=ds3231(1)
ds.DATE([17,01,25])
ds.TIME([10,26,30])
while True:
ds.TEMP()
print('Tem:',ds.TEMP())
print('Time:',ds.DateTime())
pyb.delay(1000)

第二步：按一下RST键，此时DS3231的时间已经设定为2017年1月25日，具体见图：

四、利用DS3231和5110制作电子时钟

5110的使用方法请见：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi/p/6347336.html

1、连接方法

（注意与上面不同，用的是TPYBoard的第二个I2C口）

TPYboard	5110LCD	DS3231
GND	GND
X4	BL
3.3V	Vcc
X6	CLK
X8	DIN
X3	DC
X2	CE
X1	RST
GND		GND
3.3V		VCC
Y9		SCL
Y10		SDA

2、程序原代码

该程序涉及文件5个，分别为boot.py、main.py、、chinese.py、font.py、DS3231.py、upcd8544.py,具体代码如下：

#boot.py

//转载请注明：@小五义http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi QQ群：64770604

# boot.py -- run on boot-up
# can run arbitrary Python, but best to keep it minimal

import machine
import pyb
pyb.main('main.py') # main script to run after this one
#pyb.usb_mode('CDC+MSC') # act as a serial and a storage device
#pyb.usb_mode('CDC+HID') # act as a serial device and a mouse

#main.py

# main.py -- put your code here!
import pyb
import upcd8544
from machine import SPI,Pin
from DS3231 import DS3231

ds=DS3231(1) #定义DS3231，用DS3231(2)的话就要选择IIC2

# 用于设定时间和日期
def setDateTime(year,month,day,time,minutes,seconds):
ds.DATE([year,month,day])
ds.TIME([time,minutes,seconds])

# 在LCD5110 显示时间或日期，separator 中间的分割符
# x，y 在LCD5110 显示的位置
def showTimeOrDate(why,x,y,separator=':'):
# [HH,MM,SS] >> HH:MM:SS
why = why.replace('[','')
why = why.replace(']','')
why = why.replace(',',separator)
print(why)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_string(why,x,y)

def main():
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('萝',14,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('卜',30,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('智',46,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese('能',62,0)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_string('TEM:',14,2)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_string(str(ds.TEMP()),44,2)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("当",14,3)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("前",30,3)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("时",46,3)
lcd_5110.lcd_write_chinese("间",62,3)
showTimeOrDate(str(ds.TIME()),14,5)
print(str(ds.TIME()))
pyb.delay(1000)

if __name__ == '__main__':
#setDateTime(2016,12,27,13,17,00)#设置时间
ds.DATE()
SPI = pyb.SPI(1) #DIN=>X8-MOSI/CLK=>X6-SCK
#DIN =>SPI(1).MOSI 'X8' data flow (Master out, Slave in)
#CLK =>SPI(1).SCK  'X6' SPI clock
RST    = pyb.Pin('X1')
CE     = pyb.Pin('X2')
DC     = pyb.Pin('X3')
LIGHT  = pyb.Pin('X4')
lcd_5110 = upcd8544.PCD8544(SPI, RST, CE, DC, LIGHT)
while(1):
main()

#font.py

//转载请注明：@小五义http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi QQ群：64770604

class FONT6_8:
"""docstring for FONT6_8"""
FONTTYPE6_8 = [
[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] # 20
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x5f, 0x00, 0x00] # 21 !
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00] # 22 "
,[0x00, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14] # 23 #
,[0x00, 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12] # 24 $
,[0x00, 0x23, 0x13, 0x08, 0x64, 0x62] # 25 %
,[0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50] # 26 &
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00] # 27 '
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00] # 28 (
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00] # 29 )
,[0x00, 0x14, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x14] # 2a *
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x3e, 0x08, 0x08] # 2b +
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00] # 2c ,
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08] # 2d -
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00] # 2e .
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02] # 2f /
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3e] # 30 0
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x42, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00] # 31 1
,[0x00, 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46] # 32 2
,[0x00, 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4b, 0x31] # 33 3
,[0x00, 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7f, 0x10] # 34 4
,[0x00, 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39] # 35 5
,[0x00, 0x3c, 0x4a, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30] # 36 6
,[0x00, 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03] # 37 7
,[0x00, 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36] # 38 8
,[0x00, 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1e] # 39 9
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00] # 3a :
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00] # 3b ;
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00] # 3c <
,[0x00, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14] # 3d =
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08] # 3e >
,[0x00, 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06] # 3f ?
,[0x00, 0x32, 0x49, 0x79, 0x41, 0x3e] # 40 @
,[0x00, 0x7e, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7e] # 41 A
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36] # 42 B
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22] # 43 C
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c] # 44 D
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41] # 45 E
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01] # 46 F
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7a] # 47 G
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7f] # 48 H
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x00] # 49 I
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3f, 0x01] # 4a J
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41] # 4b K
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40] # 4c L
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x02, 0x7f] # 4d M
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7f] # 4e N
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3e] # 4f O
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06] # 50 P
,[0x00, 0x3e, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5e] # 51 Q
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46] # 52 R
,[0x00, 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31] # 53 S
,[0x00, 0x01, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x01] # 54 T
,[0x00, 0x3f, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3f] # 55 U
,[0x00, 0x1f, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1f] # 56 V
,[0x00, 0x3f, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3f] # 57 W
,[0x00, 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63] # 58 X
,[0x00, 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07] # 59 Y
,[0x00, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43] # 5a Z
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00] # 5b [
,[0x00, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20] # 5c \ #
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x00] # 5d ]
,[0x00, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04] # 5e ^
,[0x00, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40] # 5f _
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00] # 60 `
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78] # 61 a
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38] # 62 b
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20] # 63 c
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7f] # 64 d
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18] # 65 e
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x7e, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02] # 66 f
,[0x00, 0x0c, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x3e] # 67 g
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78] # 68 h
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x44, 0x7d, 0x40, 0x00] # 69 i
,[0x00, 0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3d, 0x00] # 6a j
,[0x00, 0x7f, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00] # 6b k
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x7f, 0x40, 0x00] # 6c l
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78] # 6d m
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78] # 6e n
,[0x00, 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38] # 6f o
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08] # 70 p
,[0x00, 0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7c] # 71 q
,[0x00, 0x7c, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08] # 72 r
,[0x00, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20] # 73 s
,[0x00, 0x04, 0x3f, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20] # 74 t
,[0x00, 0x3c, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7c] # 75 u
,[0x00, 0x1c, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1c] # 76 v
,[0x00, 0x3c, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3c] # 77 w
,[0x00, 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44] # 78 x
,[0x00, 0x0c, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3c] # 79 y
,[0x00, 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4c, 0x44] # 7a z
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x36, 0x41, 0x00] # 7b [
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00] # 7c |
,[0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x36, 0x08, 0x00] # 7d ]
,[0x00, 0x10, 0x08, 0x08, 0x10, 0x08] # 7e ~
,[0x00, 0x78, 0x46, 0x41, 0x46, 0x78] # 7f (delete)
]

def get_font6_8(self, data):
return self.FONTTYPE6_8[bytearray(data)[0] - 0x20]

#chinese.py

class CN_UTF8:
"""docstring for CN_UTF8"""
#key:values
#key: 使用汉字的UTF-8码
#values: 16*16
#   [0] 8*16 上半部分
#   [1] 8*16 下半部分
UTF8_CHINESE = {
0xe6aca2:[
[0x04,0x24,0x44,0x84,0x64,0x9C,0x40,0x30,0x0F,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,0x00],
[0x10,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x82,0x4C,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00]
],#欢
0xe8bf8e:[
[0x40,0x40,0x42,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x02,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x4F,0x44,0x42,0x40,0x7F,0x42,0x44,0x43,0x40,0x00]
],#迎
0xe4bdbf:[
[0x80,0x60,0xF8,0x07,0x04,0xE4,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFF,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xE4,0x04,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x81,0x45,0x29,0x11,0x2F,0x41,0x41,0x81,0x81,0x80,0x00]
],#使
0xe794a8:[
[0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00],
[0x80,0x60,0x1F,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x7F,0x02,0x02,0x42,0x82,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00]
],#用
0xe78eb0:[
[0x04,0x84,0x84,0xFC,0x84,0x84,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00],
[0x20,0x60,0x20,0x1F,0x10,0x90,0x40,0x23,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x7E,0x80,0x83,0xE0,0x00]
],#现
0xe59ca8:[
[0x08,0x08,0x88,0xC8,0x38,0x0C,0x0B,0x08,0x08,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00],
[0x02,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0x40,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x7F,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x40,0x00]
],#在
0xe697b6:[
[0x00,0xFC,0x84,0x84,0x84,0xFC,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x10,0x10,0x00],
[0x00,0x3F,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00]
],#时
0xe997b4:[
[0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x06,0x00,0xF0,0x12,0x12,0x12,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x1F,0x00,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00]
], #间
0xe68891:[
[0x20,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xFE,0x23,0x22,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x20,0x22,0x2C,0xA0,0x20,0x00],
[0x00,0x08,0x48,0x84,0x7F,0x02,0x41,0x40,0x20,0x13,0x0C,0x14,0x22,0x41,0xF8,0x00]
], #我
0xe8909d:[
[0x02,0x02,0xF2,0x92,0x97,0xF2,0x92,0x92,0x92,0xF2,0x97,0x92,0xF2,0x02,0x02,0x00],
[0x00,0x80,0x88,0x88,0x44,0x4A,0x53,0x22,0x22,0x12,0x0A,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00]
], #萝
0xe58d9c:[
[0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00]
], #卜
0xe699ba:[
[0x10,0x94,0x53,0x32,0x1E,0x32,0x52,0x10,0x00,0x7E,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7E,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00]
], #智
0xe883bd:[
[0x08,0xCC,0x4A,0x49,0x48,0x4A,0xCC,0x18,0x00,0x7F,0x88,0x88,0x84,0x82,0xE0,0x00],
[0x00,0xFF,0x12,0x12,0x52,0x92,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x7E,0x88,0x88,0x84,0x82,0xE0,0x00]
],#能
0xe682a8:[
[0x20,0x10,0x08,0xFC,0x23,0x10,0x88,0x67,0x04,0xF4,0x04,0x24,0x54,0x8C,0x00,0x00],
[0x40,0x30,0x00,0x77,0x80,0x81,0x88,0xB2,0x84,0x83,0x80,0xE0,0x00,0x11,0x60,0x00]
],#您
0xe5bd93:[
[0x00,0x40,0x42,0x44,0x58,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x50,0x48,0xC6,0x00,0x00,0x00],
[0x00,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00]
],#当
0xE5898D:[
[0x08,0x08,0xE8,0x29,0x2E,0x28,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x0C,0x0B,0xE8,0x08,0x08,0x00],
[0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x09,0x49,0x89,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00]
]#前

}
#key 汉字的UTF-8码
#isBottom 确定这次是获取 某个字的 上半部分（0） 还是下半部分（1）
def get_chinese_utf8(self, key,isBottom = 0):
values = self.UTF8_CHINESE[key]
return values[isBottom]

#upcd8544.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
MicroPython PCD8544 driver
(for Nokia 5110 displays)
"""

try:
import pyb as machine
except:
# WiPy
import machine

import sys
import struct
import time
import font
import chinese

class PCD8544:
ADDRESSING_HORIZ = 0x00
ADDRESSING_VERT  = 0x02
INSTR_BASIC = 0x00
INSTR_EXT   = 0x01
POWER_UP   = 0x00
POWER_DOWN = 0x04
DISPLAY_BLANK   = 0x08
DISPLAY_ALL     = 0x09
DISPLAY_NORMAL  = 0x0c
DISPLAY_INVERSE = 0x0d
TEMP_COEFF_0 = 0x04
TEMP_COEFF_1 = 0x05
TEMP_COEFF_2 = 0x06
TEMP_COEFF_3 = 0x07
BIAS_1_4  = 0x17   # 1/4th
BIAS_1_5  = 0x16   # 1/5th
BIAS_1_6  = 0x15   # 1/6th
BIAS_1_7  = 0x14   # 1/7th
BIAS_1_8  = 0x13   # 1/8th
BIAS_1_9  = 0x12   # 1/9th
BIAS_1_10 = 0x11   # 1/10th
BIAS_1_11 = 0x10   # 1/11th

def __init__(self, spi, rst, ce, dc, light, pwr=None):
self.width  = 84
self.height = 48
self.power      = self.POWER_DOWN
self.addressing = self.ADDRESSING_HORIZ
self.instr      = self.INSTR_BASIC
self.display_mode = self.DISPLAY_BLANK
self.temp_coeff = self.TEMP_COEFF_0
self.bias       = self.BIAS_1_11
self.voltage    = 3060

# init the SPI bus and pins
spi.init(spi.MASTER, baudrate=328125, bits=8, polarity=0, phase=1, firstbit=spi.MSB)
if "OUT_PP" in dir(rst):
# pyBoard style
rst.init(rst.OUT_PP, rst.PULL_NONE)  # Reset line
ce.init(ce.OUT_PP, ce.PULL_NONE)     # Chip Enable
dc.init(dc.OUT_PP, dc.PULL_NONE)     # Data(1) / Command(0) mode
light.init(light.OUT_PP, light.PULL_NONE)
if pwr:
pwr.init(pwr.OUT_PP, pwr.PULL_NONE)
else:
# WiPy style
rst.init(rst.OUT, None)
ce.init(ce.OUT, None)
dc.init(dc.OUT, None)
light.init(light.OUT, None)
if pwr:
pwr.init(pwr.OUT, None)

self.spi   = spi
self.rst   = rst
self.ce    = ce
self.dc    = dc
self.light = light
self.pwr   = pwr

self.light_off()
self.power_on()
self.ce.value(1)  # set chip to disable (don't listen to input)
self.reset()
self.set_contrast(0xbf)
self.clear()
self.lcd_font = font.FONT6_8()
self.chinese = chinese.CN_UTF8()

def _set_function(self):
""" Write current power/addressing/instructionset values to lcd. """
value = 0x20 | self.power | self.addressing | self.instr
self.command([value])

def set_power(self, power, set=True):
""" Sets the power mode of the LCD controller """
assert power in [self.POWER_UP, self.POWER_DOWN], "Power must be POWER_UP or POWER_DOWN."
self.power = power
if set:
self._set_function()

def set_adressing(self, addr, set=True):
""" Sets the adressing mode """
assert addr in [self.ADDRESSING_HORIZ, self.ADDRESSING_VERT], "Addressing must be ADDRESSING_HORIZ or ADDRESSING_VERT."
self.addressing = addr
if set:
self._set_function()

def set_instr(self, instr, set=True):
""" Sets instruction set (basic/extended) """
assert instr in [self.INSTR_BASIC, self.INSTR_EXT], "Instr must be INSTR_BASIC or INSTR_EXT."
self.instr = instr
if set:
self._set_function()

def set_display(self, display_mode):
""" Sets display mode (blank, black, normal, inverse) """
assert display_mode in [self.DISPLAY_BLANK, self.DISPLAY_ALL, self.DISPLAY_NORMAL, self.DISPLAY_INVERSE], "Mode must be one of DISPLAY_BLANK, DISPLAY_ALL, DISPLAY_NORMAL or DISPLAY_INVERSE."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_BASIC, "Please switch to basic instruction set first."
self.display_mode = display_mode
self.command([display_mode])

def set_temp_coeff(self, temp_coeff):
""" Sets temperature coefficient (0-3) """
assert 4 <= temp_coeff < 8, "Temperature coefficient must be one of TEMP_COEFF_0..TEMP_COEFF_3."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_EXT, "Please switch to extended instruction set first."
self.temp_coeff = temp_coeff
self.command([temp_coeff])

def set_bias(self, bias):
""" Sets the LCD bias. """
assert 0x10 <= bias <= 0x17, "Bias must be one of BIAS_1_4..BIAS_1_11."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_EXT, "Please switch to extended instruction set first."
self.bias = bias
self.command([bias])

def set_voltage(self, millivolts):
""" Sets the voltage of the LCD charge pump in millivolts. """
assert 3060 <= millivolts <= 10680, "Voltage must be between 3,060 and 10,680 mV."
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_EXT, "Please switch to extended instruction set first."
self.voltage = millivolts
basevoltage = millivolts - 3060
incrementor = basevoltage // 60
code = 0x80 & incrementor
self.command([code])

def set_contrast(self, value):
""" set LCD voltage, i.e. contrast """
assert 0x80 <= value <= 0xff, "contrast value must be between 0x80 and 0xff"
self.command([0x21, self.TEMP_COEFF_2, self.BIAS_1_7, value, 0x20, self.DISPLAY_NORMAL])
# 0x21 - enter extended instruction set (H=1)
# 0x06 - set temperature coefficient 2
# 0x14 - set BIAS system to n=3 (recomm. mux rate 1:40/1:34)
# value - (80-ff) - set Vop (80 = 3.00V, ff = 10.68V), 8b seems to work (0x3b/d70: 3.00+(70*0.06)=7.2V)
# 0x20 - back to basic instruction set
# 0x0c - normal display mode

def position(self, x, y):
""" set cursor to bank y, column x """
assert 0 <= x < self.width, "x must be between 0 and 83"
assert 0 <= y < self.height // 8, "y must be between 0 and 5"
assert self.instr == self.INSTR_BASIC, "Please switch to basic instruction set first."
self.command([x + 0x80, y + 0x40])

def clear(self):
""" clear screen """
self.position(0, 0)
self.data([0] * (self.height * self.width // 8))
self.position(0, 0)

def sleep_ms(self, mseconds):
try:
time.sleep_ms(mseconds)
except AttributeError:
machine.delay(mseconds)

def sleep_us(self, useconds):
try:
time.sleep_us(useconds)
except AttributeError:
machine.udelay(useconds)

def power_on(self):
if self.pwr:
self.pwr.value(1)
self.reset()

def reset(self):
""" issue reset impulse to reset the display """
self.rst.value(0)  # RST on
self.sleep_us(100) # reset impulse has to be >100 ns and <100 ms
self.rst.value(1)  # RST off
# Defaults after reset:
self.power      = self.POWER_DOWN
self.addressing = self.ADDRESSING_HORIZ
self.instr      = self.INSTR_BASIC
self.display_mode = self.DISPLAY_BLANK
self.temp_coeff = self.TEMP_COEFF_0
self.bias       = self.BIAS_1_11
self.voltage    = 3060

def power_off(self):
self.clear()
self.command([0x20, 0x08])
# 0x20 - basic instruction set
# 0x08 - set display to blank (doesn't delete contents)
self.sleep_ms(10)
if self.pwr:
self.pwr.value(0) # turn off power

def command(self, arr):
""" send bytes in command mode """
self.bitmap(arr, 0)

def data(self, arr):
""" send bytes in data mode """
self.bitmap(arr, 1)

def bitmap(self, arr, dc):
self.dc.value(dc)
buf = struct.pack('B'*len(arr), *arr)
self.ce.value(0) # set chip to listening/enable
try:
self.spi.send(buf)
except AttributeError:
self.spi.write(buf)
self.ce.value(1) # set chip to disable

def light_on(self):
self.light.value(0)  # pull to GND

def light_off(self):
self.light.value(1)  # set to HIGH

def lcd_write_string(self, string, x, y):
self.position(x,y)
for i in string:
self.data(self.lcd_font.get_font6_8(i))

def lcd_write_chineses(str,x,y,space = 9):
# i,j=0,0
# lsLen = len(str)
# while (j<lsLen)
# self.lcd_write_chinese(str[j],x+(i*space),y)
# i+=1
# j+=1
return 0

def lcd_write_chinese(self,data,x,y):
#获取 字 的UTF8码
code = 0x00 #赋初值
data_code = data.encode("UTF-8")
code |= data_code[0]<<16
code |= data_code[1]<<8
code |= data_code[2]
#获取 字 的UTF8码 END
self.position(x,y)
self.data(self.chinese.get_chinese_utf8(code,0))
self.position(x,y+1)
self.data(self.chinese.get_chinese_utf8(code,1))

　　#DS3231.py

import pyb
from pyb import I2C
DS3231_ADDR       = const(0x68)
DS3231_REG_SEC    = const(0x00)
DS3231_REG_MIN    = const(0x01)
DS3231_REG_HOUR   = const(0x02)
DS3231_REG_WEEKDAY= const(0x03)
DS3231_REG_DAY    = const(0x04)
DS3231_REG_MONTH  = const(0x05)
DS3231_REG_YEAR   = const(0x06)
DS3231_REG_A1SEC  = const(0x07)
DS3231_REG_A1MIN  = const(0x08)
DS3231_REG_A1HOUR = const(0x09)
DS3231_REG_A1DAY  = const(0x0A)
DS3231_REG_A2MIN  = const(0x0B)
DS3231_REG_A2HOUR = const(0x0C)
DS3231_REG_A2DAY  = const(0x0D)
DS3231_REG_CTRL   = const(0x0E)
DS3231_REG_STA    = const(0x0F)
DS3231_REG_OFF    = const(0x10)
DS3231_REG_TEMP   = const(0x11)

class DS3231(object):
def __init__(self, i2c_num):
self.i2c = I2C(i2c_num, I2C.MASTER, baudrate = 100000)

def DATE(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.year())
t.append(self.month())
t.append(self.day())
return t
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2])

def TIME(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
t = []
t.append(self.hour())
t.append(self.min())
t.append(self.sec())
# t = ""
# t+=self.hour()+":"
# t+=self.min()+":"
# t+=self.sec()
return t
else:
self.hour(dat[0])
self.min(dat[1])
self.sec(dat[2])

def DateTime(self, dat=[]):
if dat==[]:
return self.DATE() + self.TIME()
else:
self.year(dat[0])
self.month(dat[1])
self.day(dat[2])
self.hour(dat[3])
self.min(dat[4])
self.sec(dat[5])

def dec2hex(self, dat):
return (int(dat/10)<<4) + (dat%10)

def setREG(self, dat, reg):
buf = bytearray(2)
buf[0] = reg
buf[1] = dat
self.i2c.send(buf, DS3231_ADDR)

def getREG_DEC(self, reg):
self.i2c.send(reg, DS3231_ADDR)
t = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
return (t>>4)*10 + (t%16)

def sec(self, sec=''):
if sec == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_SEC)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(sec), DS3231_REG_SEC)

def min(self, min=''):
if min == '':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MIN)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(min), DS3231_REG_MIN)

def hour(self, hour=''):
if hour=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_HOUR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(hour), DS3231_REG_HOUR)

def day(self, day=''):
if day=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_DAY)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(day), DS3231_REG_DAY)

def month(self, month=''):
if month=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_MONTH)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(month), DS3231_REG_MONTH)

def year(self, year=''):
if year=='':
return self.getREG_DEC(DS3231_REG_YEAR)
else:
self.setREG(self.dec2hex(year), DS3231_REG_YEAR)

def TEMP(self):
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP, DS3231_ADDR)
t1 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
self.i2c.send(DS3231_REG_TEMP+1, DS3231_ADDR)
t2 = self.i2c.recv(1, DS3231_ADDR)[0]
if t1>0x7F:
return t1 - t2/256 -256
else:
return t1 + t2/256

五、实现效果

原程序及putty工具下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bLUhaQ