android studio 单元测试问题记录

问题1：在Build Variants窗口中没有Test Artifact来选择测试器

如图：






解决方案是在Menu中依次打开： File ->
Settings ->
Build, Execution, Deployment ->
Build Tools -> Gradle ->
Experimental

将Enable all test artifacts (Unit
Test and Instrumentation Test) in Android projects 取消勾选，点击OK后效果如下图

问题2：Error:Conflict with dependency 'com.android.support:support-annotations'. Resolved versions for app (23.3.0) and test app (23.0.1) differ. See http://g.co/androidstudio/app-test-app-conflict for details.

在配置支持UI测试的时候首先添加

defaultConfig {
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}

其次添加

dependencies {
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4'
// Set this dependency to use JUnit 4 rules
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4'
// Set this dependency to build and run Espresso tests
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
// Set this dependency to build and run UI Automator tests
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.2'
}

然后提示问题2，在dependencies中添加

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:23.3.0'

总共添加的代码如下

dependencies {
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4'
// Set this dependency to use JUnit 4 rules
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4'
// Set this dependency to build and run Espresso tests
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
// Set this dependency to build and run UI Automator tests
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.2'
// Solves "versions for app (23.3.0) and test app (23.1.1) differ"
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:23.3.0'
}

问题2解决