Spring MVC 4.1.3 + MyBatis 零基础搭建Web开发框架(注解模式哦)

原文连接

搭建开发环境：

Netbeans8.0.2 + MySql5.6 + JDK1.7 + tomcat8.0.15

本次采用的Spring MVC Jar包如下：

spring-aop-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-beans-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-context-support-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-core-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-expression-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-jdbc-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-oxm-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-tx-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-web-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

spring-webmvc-4.1.3.RELEASE.jar

当然还有其他的依赖jar，如有需要请留下邮箱~！

1.首先创建Web项目

web.mvc

2.引入所有的jar文件

3.配置web.xml

做web开发的都知道,web.xml是项目的入口，我们既然使用spring那么当然要添加Spring的支持啦！

spring默认加载的是applicationContext.xml，由于我们需要集成MyBatis

所以我把Spring的配置文件强制指定名称，并与MyBatis一起配置，减少配置文件数量

先指定spring配置文件名名称与路径

[html] view
plain copy

print?




<!-- Spring 上下文参数 加载Spring配置文件 -->

<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath*:xmlconfig/springmvc-mybatis.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

再执行Spring上下文监听配置

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

添加支持Spring mvc 的配置

说明：添加支持目前有3种方式。

第一种：拦截 /*.do

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

优势：拦截明确，不会和其他的拦截冲突

缺点：URL不美观

第二种：拦截 /*

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

优点：支持rest风格，Url美观

缺点：会拦截静态资源

第三种，也是我推荐的一种：拦截 /

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

优点：支持rest风格，URL美观，不拦截静态资源

我们采用第三种做为我们的拦截方案，将配置添加到web.xml中。

大家都知道，web项目最怕的就是乱码，而spring为我们提供了字符编码的过滤器，我们也给配置到web.xml中

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<!-- 字符编码配置 -->

<filter>

<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>encoding</param-name>

<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

我们采用的是tomcat服务器，为了让静态的资源直接交给tomcat处理，所以我们在web.xml中配置了以下配置

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<!-- 激活Tomcat的defaultServlet来处理静态文件 -->

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

4.配置springmvc-mybatis.xml和springmvc-servlet.xml

相信很多人都在这里卡主了，因为配置实在是太多了，各种方式都有

为了不妨碍大家，我决定直接将完整的配置直接贴出来

springmvc-mybatis.xml

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 数据源定义-->

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource">

<property name="driverClass" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/web" />

<property name="jdbcUrl" value="root" />

<property name="username" value="123456" />

<property name="password" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

</bean>

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:dbmap/*Mapper.xml" />

</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

<bean id="transactionManager"

class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

</bean>

<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource">

<ref bean="dataSource" />

</property>

</bean>

<bean id="defaultLobHandler"

class="org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler"

lazy-init="true"/>

<!-- 查 找 类 路 径 下 的 映 射 器 并 自 动 将 它 们 创 建 成 MapperFactoryBean-->

<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">

<property name="basePackage" value="com.ansitech.web.orm.mapper" />

</bean>

</beans>

spring-servlet.xml

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd">
<description>Spring MVC Configuration</description>

<!-- 对静态资源文件的访问，交给default servlet handler处理 -->

<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

<!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->

<context:annotation-config />

<!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->

<mvc:annotation-driven />

<!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 -->

<context:component-scan base-package="com.ansitech.web"></context:component-scan>

<!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->

<bean class=

"org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>

<!-- JSP视图文件解析配置 -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>

<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

<property name="viewNames" value="jsp/*"/>

<property name="order" value="1"/>

</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">

<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>

<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

<property name="order" value="2"/>

</bean>

<!-- 上传文件拦截，设置最大上传文件大小 10M=10*1024*1024(B)=10485760 bytes -->

<bean id="multipartResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

<!-- one of the properties available; the maximum file size in bytes -->

<property name="maxUploadSize">

<value>5242880</value>

</property>

</bean>

</beans>

web.xml

[html] view
plain copy

print?





<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">

<!-- 程序Session配置 -->

<session-config>

<!-- Session过期时间(单位：分) -->

<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>

</session-config>

<!-- 激活Tomcat的defaultServlet来处理静态文件 -->

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<
4923e
servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<!-- Spring 上下文参数 加载Spring配置文件 -->

<context-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath*:xmlconfig/springmvc-mybatis.xml</param-value>

</context-param>

<listener>

<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

</listener>

<!-- spring mvc 拦截器配置 -->

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath*:/xmlconfig/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<!-- 字符编码配置 -->

<filter>

<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>encoding</param-name>

<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

</init-param>

<init-param>

<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

<param-value>true</param-value>

</init-param>

</filter>

<filter-mapping>

<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>

<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

</filter-mapping>

<!-- 欢迎页 -->

<welcome-file-list>

<welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>

</welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

接下来就是包的结构了

前缀大家可以自己定义自己喜欢的，但是后边的结构，是整个框架的核心，所以请大家按照我的格式去建

前缀com.ansitech

com.ansitech.orm

com.ansitech.orm.base

com.ansitech.orm.mapper

com.ansitech.service

com.ansitech.service.po

com.ansitech.service.impl

com.ansitech.web

com.ansitech.web.controller

大家可能不理解，为什么要这么建呢？

那么我们来以用户管理模块来解释，用户对象为User

那么我们需要建立基础对象：

com.ansitech.orm.base.User.Java

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.orm.base;

/**

* 用户对象

*

* @author qsyang

*/

public class User {

private int id;

private String loginName;

private String loginPwd;

/**

* 用户类型 1 管理员 2 普通用户

*/

private int typeId;

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getLoginName() {

return loginName;

}

public void setLoginName(String loginName) {

this.loginName = loginName;

}

public String getLoginPwd() {

return loginPwd;

}

public void setLoginPwd(String loginPwd) {

this.loginPwd = loginPwd;

}

public int getTypeId() {

return typeId;

}

public void setTypeId(int typeId) {

this.typeId = typeId;

}

}

基础对象建好了，我们需要做一个Mapper来实现用户对象的增删改查

com.ansitech.orm.mapper.UserMapper.java

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.orm.mapper;

import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

/**

* 用户数据接口

*

* @author qsyang

*/

public interface UserMapper {

void add(User user);

User get(@Param("id") int id);

void update(User user);

int delete(@Param("id") int id);

}

使用ORM模式，我们需要创建一个抽象的用户对象来解决额外属性查询的问题

com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser.java

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.orm;

import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;

/**

* 抽象用户对象

*

* 提供其他属性获取

*

* @author qsyang

*/

public abstract class AbstractUser extends User{

//获取当前用户所属分类名称

public abstract String findTypeName();

}

有了数据接口了，我们需要对外提供服务

com.ansitech.service.IUserService.java

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.service;

import com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser;

import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;

/**

* 用户服务接口

*

* @author qsyang

*/

public interface IUserService {

//添加系统管理员

void addSystemUser(String loginName, String loginPwd);

//添加普通用户

void addNormalUser(String loginName, String loginPwd);

//根据用户Id查询抽象用户

AbstractUser getAbstractUserById(int userId);

//根据用户Id查询用户

User getUserById(int userId);

//修改用户信息

void updateUser(int userId, String loginName, String loginPwd);

//根据用户Id删除用户

int deleteUser(int userId);

}

有了服务接口，就要有实现接口

com.ansitech.service.impl.UserService.java

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.service.impl;

import com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser;

import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;

import com.ansitech.orm.mapper.UserMapper;

import com.ansitech.service.IUserService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**

* 用户接口实现类

*

* @author qsyang

*/

@Service

public class UserService implements IUserService {

@Autowired

private UserMapper userMapper;

@Override

public void addSystemUser(String loginName, String loginPwd) {

User user = new User();

user.setLoginName(loginName);

user.setLoginPwd(loginPwd);

//用户类型 1 管理员 2 普通用户

user.setTypeId(1);

userMapper.add(null);

}

@Override

public void addNormalUser(String loginName, String loginPwd) {

User user = new User();

user.setLoginName(loginName);

user.setLoginPwd(loginPwd);

//用户类型 1 管理员 2 普通用户

user.setTypeId(2);

userMapper.add(null);

}

@Override

public AbstractUser getAbstractUserById(int userId) {

throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet.");

}

@Override

public User getUserById(int userId) {

return userMapper.get(userId);

}

@Override

public void updateUser(int userId, String loginName, String loginPwd) {

//先根据用户Id查询用户对象

User user = userMapper.get(userId);

if (user != null) {

user.setLoginName(loginName);

user.setLoginPwd(loginPwd);

//修改用户

userMapper.update(user);

}

}

@Override

public int deleteUser(int userId) {

return userMapper.delete(userId);

}

}

细心的便宜，可能已经看到了，getAbstractUserById()这个方法我们还没有实现

因为AbstractUser还有具体的实现类，所以我们来新建实现类

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.service.po;

import com.ansitech.orm.AbstractUser;

import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;

import com.ansitech.service.impl.UserService;

/**

* 用户数据操作对象

*

* @author qsyang

*/

public class UserPO extends AbstractUser {

private final UserService userService;

public UserPO(UserService userService) {

this.userService = userService;

}

public UserPO copyFrom(User obj) {

this.setId(obj.getId());

this.setLoginName(obj.getLoginName());

this.setLoginPwd(obj.getLoginPwd());

this.setTypeId(obj.getTypeId());

return this;

}

@Override

public String findTypeName() {

return userService.findTypeName(this.getTypeId());

}

}

对象已经创建好了，这个时候我们可以修改下service实现类的方法了，并且我们增加了一个方法

增加这个方法，只是因为我们有可能需要继续调用其他的Mapper去查询。

修改的实现方法

[java] view
plain copy

print?





@Override

public AbstractUser getAbstractUserById(int userId) {

User user = userMapper.get(userId);

if (user != null) {

UserPO po = new UserPO(this);

po.copyFrom(user);

return po;

}

return null;

}

新增的方法：

[java] view
plain copy

print?





public String findTypeName(int typeId) {

if (typeId == 1) {

return "系统管理员";

} else {

return "普通用户";

}

}

只有一来，Service架构和orm架构就已经完成了，下面只需要建立控制器就可以了

[java] view
plain copy

print?





package com.ansitech.web.controller.user;

import com.ansitech.orm.base.User;

import com.ansitech.service.impl.UserService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**

* 用户控制器

*

* @author qsyang

*/

@Controller

public class UserController {

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

@RequestMapping("/user/user-index")

public String index() {

User user = userService.getUserById(1);

if (user != null) {

System.out.println("user name = " + user.getLoginName());

}

return "jsp/user/index";

}

}

大家到现在有没有理解这个架构呢？