您的位置：首页 > 编程语言 > Java开发

Spring中配置和读取多个Properties文件

2017-01-18 14:45 501 查看

一个系统中通常会存在如下一些以Properties形式存在的配置文件

1.数据库配置文件demo-db.properties：

Properties代码

database.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/smaple

database.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

database.user=root

database.password=123

2.消息服务配置文件demo-mq.properties:

Properties代码

#congfig of ActiveMQ

mq.java.naming.factory.initial=org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory

mq.java.naming.provider.url=failover:(tcp://localhost:61616?soTimeout=30000&connectionTimeout=30000)?jms.useAsyncSend=true&timeout=30000

mq.java.naming.security.principal=

mq.java.naming.security.credentials=

jms.MailNotifyQueue.consumer=5

3.远程调用的配置文件demo-remote.properties：

Properties代码

remote.ip=localhost

remote.port=16800

remote.serviceName=test

一、系统中需要加载多个Properties配置文件

应用场景：Properties配置文件不止一个，需要在系统启动时同时加载多个Properties文件。

配置方式：

Xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">



    

    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

        <property name="locations">

           <list>

              

              <value>classpath:/opt/demo/config/demo-db.properties</value>

              

              <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-mq.properties</value>

              <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties</value>

            </list>

        </property>

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="MQJndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate">

        <property name="environment">

            <props>

                <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">${mq.java.naming.factory.initial}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">${mq.java.naming.provider.url}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>

                <prop key="userName">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>

                <prop key="password">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

我们也可以将配置中的List抽取出来:

Xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">



    

    <bean id="propertyResources" class="java.util.ArrayList">

        <constructor-arg>

            <list>

              

              <value>classpath:/opt/demo/config/demo-db.properties</value>

              

              <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-mq.properties</value>

              <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties</value>

            </list>

        </constructor-arg>

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

        <property name="locations" ref="propertyResources" />

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="MQJndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate">

        <property name="environment">

            <props>

                <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">${mq.java.naming.factory.initial}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">${mq.java.naming.provider.url}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>

                <prop key="userName">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>

                <prop key="password">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

二、整合多工程下的多个分散的Properties

应用场景：工程组中有多个配置文件，但是这些配置文件在多个地方使用，所以需要分别加载。

配置如下：

Xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">



    

    <bean id="dbResources" class="java.util.ArrayList">

        <constructor-arg>

        <list>

            <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-db.properties</value>

        </list>

        </constructor-arg>

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="mqResources" class="java.util.ArrayList">

        <constructor-arg>

        <list>

            <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-mq.properties</value>

        </list>

        </constructor-arg>

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="dbPropertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

        <property name="order" value="1" />

        <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />

        <property name="locations" ref="dbResources" />

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="mqPropertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">

        <property name="order" value="2" />

        <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />

        <property name="locations" ref="mqResources" />

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="rmsDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"

        p:driverClassName="${demo.db.driver}" p:url="${demo.db.url}" p:username="${demo.db.username}"

        p:password="${demo.db.password}" pp:maxActive="${demo.db.maxactive}"p:maxWait="${demo.db.maxwait}"

        p:poolPreparedStatements="true" p:defaultAutoCommit="false">

    </bean>



    

    <bean id="MQJndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate">

        <property name="environment">

            <props>

                <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">${mq.java.naming.factory.initial}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">${mq.java.naming.provider.url}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>

                <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>

                <prop key="userName">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>

                <prop key="password">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>

            </props>

        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

注意：其中order属性代表其加载顺序，而ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders为是否忽略不可解析的 Placeholder，如配置了多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer，则需设置为true。这里一定需要按照这种方式设置这两个参数。

三、Bean中直接注入Properties配置文件中的值

应用场景：Bean中需要直接注入Properties配置文件中的值。例如下面的代码中需要获取上述demo-remote.properties中的值：

Java代码

public class Client() {

    private String ip;

    private String port;

    private String service;

}

配置如下：

Xml代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</a>"

xmlns:xsi="<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance</a>"

xmlns:util="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util">http://www.springframework.org/schema/util</a>"

xsi:schemaLocation="

<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</a> <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd</a>

<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util">http://www.springframework.org/schema/util</a> <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd</a>">







<util:properties id="remoteSettings" location="file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties" />





<bean id="settings"

   class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">

   <property name="locations">

  <list>

    <value>file:/opt/rms/config/rms-mq.properties</value>

    <value>file:/opt/rms/config/rms-env.properties</value>

  </list>

   </property>

</bean>

</beans>

Client类中使用Annotation如下：

Java代码

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;



public class Client() {

    @Value("#{remoteSettings['remote.ip']}")

    private String ip;

    @Value("#{remoteSettings['remote.port']}")

    private String port;

    @Value("#{remoteSettings['remote.serviceName']}")

    private String service;

}

四、Bean中存在Properties类型的类变量

应用场景：当Bean中存在Properties类型的类变量需要以注入的方式初始化

1. 配置方式：我们可以用（三）中的配置方式，只是代码中注解修改如下

Java代码

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;



public class Client() {

    @Value("#{remoteSettings}")

    private Properties remoteSettings;

}

2. 配置方式：也可以使用xml中声明Bean并且注入

Xml代码

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;



public class Client() {

    //@Autowired也可以使用

    private Properties remoteSettings;



    //getter setter

}

上述的各个场景在项目群中特别有用，需要灵活的使用上述各种配置方式。

在很多情况下我们需要在配置文件中配置一些属性，然后注入到bean中，Spring提供了

org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer

类，可以方便我们使用注解直接注入properties文件中的配置。

下面我们看下具体如何操作：

首先要新建maven项目，并在pom文件中添加spring依赖，如下pom.xml文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>cn.outofmemory</groupId>
<artifactId>hellospring.properties.annotation</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>hellospring.properties.annotation</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<org.springframework-version>3.0.0.RC2</org.springframework-version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

要自动注入properties文件中的配置，需要在spring配置文件中添加

org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean

和

org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer

的实例配置：

如下spring配置文件appContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd ">
<!-- bean annotation driven -->
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.outofmemory.hellospring.properties.annotation">
</context:component-scan>
<bean id="configProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath*:application.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="properties" ref="configProperties" />
</bean>
</beans>

在这个配置文件中我们配置了注解扫描，和

configProperties

实例和

propertyConfigurer

实例。这样我们就可以在java类中自动注入配置了，我们看下java类中如何做：

package cn.outofmemory.hellospring.properties.annotation;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MySQLConnectionInfo {

@Value("#{configProperties['mysql.url']}")
private String url;
@Value("#{configProperties['mysql.userName']}")
private String userName;
@Value("#{configProperties['mysql.password']}")
private String password;

/**
* @return the url
*/
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}

/**
* @return the userName
*/
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}

/**
* @return the password
*/
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
}

自动注入需要使用@Value注解，这个注解的格式

#{configProperties['mysql.url']}

其中configProperties是我们在appContext.xml中配置的beanId，mysql.url是在properties文件中的配置项。

properties文件的内容如下：

mysql.url=mysql's url
mysql.userName=mysqlUser
mysql.password=mysqlPassword

最后我们需要测试一下以上写法是否有问题，如下App.java文件内容：

package cn.outofmemory.hellospring.properties.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
* Hello world!
*
*/
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("appContext.xml");
MySQLConnectionInfo connInfo = appContext.getBean(MySQLConnectionInfo.class);
System.out.println(connInfo.getUrl());
System.out.println(connInfo.getUserName());
System.out.println(connInfo.getPassword());
}
}

在main方法中首先声明了appContext，然后获得了自动注入的MySQLConnectionInfo的实例，然后打印出来，运行程序会输出配置文件中配置的值

内容来自用户分享和网络整理，不保证内容的准确性，如有侵权内容，可联系管理员处理

标签：

相关文章推荐

新的分享

章节导航