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Android仿微信朋友圈图片查看器

2016-12-28 14:55 836 查看
转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/allen315410/article/details/40264551

看博文之前,希望大家先打开自己的微信点到朋友圈中去,仔细观察是不是发现朋友圈里的有个“九宫格”的图片区域,点击图片又会跳到图片的详细查看页面,并且支持图片的滑动和缩放?这个功能是不是很常用呢?!那么我今天正好做了这个Demo,下面为大家讲解一下。首先按照惯例先看一下效果图吧,尤其不会录制gif动画(哎~没办法,模拟器不支持多点触控,刚好我的手机又没有Root,不能录屏,悲催啊,大家见谅,想要看真实效果的话,烦请移到博文最下方,点击下载源码,运行后再看效果哈~~),这里先就拿几张静态的图片顶替一下好了。见谅!

主页ListView的效果: 点击九宫格图片跳转到大图 多点触控,缩放图片







效果嘛,将就着看吧!实在看不明白就想想微信朋友圈,或者拖到下方,点击下载源码!这里,首先分析一下主界面吧,布局都是很简单的,主界面仅仅就是一个ListView的控件,ListView的Item上值得注意的是,Item上包含了一个GridView,这个GridView呗用作实现“九宫格”的效果,主界面布局就是一个ListView,这里不说了,我们先来看看ListView的Item的布局吧,以下是item_list.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:paddingBottom="5dp"

android:paddingTop="5dp" >

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/iv_avatar"

android:layout_width="50dp"

android:layout_height="50dp"

android:background="@drawable/ic_launcher"

android:scaleType="centerCrop" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/tv_title"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/iv_avatar"

android:text="爷,今天心情好!"

android:textSize="16sp" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/tv_content"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_below="@+id/tv_title"

android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"

android:layout_marginTop="3dp"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/iv_avatar"

android:text="今天又是雾霾!"

android:textSize="16sp" />

<com.example.imagedemo.NoScrollGridView

android:id="@+id/gridview"

android:layout_width="220dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_below="@id/tv_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"

android:layout_marginTop="3dp"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/iv_avatar"

android:columnWidth="70dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:horizontalSpacing="2.5dp"

android:numColumns="3"

android:stretchMode="columnWidth"

android:verticalSpacing="2.5dp" />

</RelativeLayout>

好了,大家看到了,布局也是极其简单的,但是有个问题就是ListView嵌套进了GridView,那么就会出现一个问题,导致GridView显示的不全,那么该怎么解决这个问题呢?其实也简单,就是重写一个GridView,测量一下GridView的高度,再设置上去。具体解决方案请看上篇博文ListView嵌套GridView显示不全解决方法或者源码,如下NoScrollGridView.Java

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package com.example.imagedemo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.widget.GridView;

/**

* 自定义的“九宫格”——用在显示帖子详情的图片集合 解决的问题:GridView显示不全,只显示了一行的图片,比较奇怪,尝试重写GridView来解决

*

* @author lichao

* @since 2014-10-16 16:41

*

*/

public class NoScrollGridView extends GridView {

public NoScrollGridView(Context context) {

super(context);

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}

public NoScrollGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}

public NoScrollGridView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {

super(context, attrs, defStyle);

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

}

@Override

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

int expandSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(Integer.MAX_VALUE >> 2,

MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);

super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, expandSpec);

}

}

接下来看看ListView上面Item的实体是什么样的数据结构,这就显得非常简单了。

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public class ItemEntity {

private String avatar; // 用户头像URL

private String title; // 标题

private String content; // 内容

private ArrayList<String> imageUrls; // 九宫格图片的URL集合

public ItemEntity(String avatar, String title, String content,

ArrayList<String> imageUrls) {

super();

this.avatar = avatar;

this.title = title;

this.content = content;

this.imageUrls = imageUrls;

}

...

}

好了,有了ListView,那么不可避免的就是做Item上的数据适配了。继承一个BaseAdapter,代码如下,都比较简单:

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/**

* 首页ListView的数据适配器

*

* @author Administrator

*

*/

public class ListItemAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

private Context mContext;

private ArrayList<ItemEntity> items;

public ListItemAdapter(Context ctx, ArrayList<ItemEntity> items) {

this.mContext = ctx;

this.items = items;

}

@Override

public int getCount() {

return items == null ? 0 : items.size();

}

@Override

public Object getItem(int position) {

return items.get(position);

}

@Override

public long getItemId(int position) {

return position;

}

@Override

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

ViewHolder holder;

if (convertView == null) {

holder = new ViewHolder();

convertView = View.inflate(mContext, R.layout.item_list, null);

holder.iv_avatar = (ImageView) convertView

.findViewById(R.id.iv_avatar);

holder.tv_title = (TextView) convertView

.findViewById(R.id.tv_title);

holder.tv_content = (TextView) convertView

.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);

holder.gridview = (NoScrollGridView) convertView

.findViewById(R.id.gridview);

convertView.setTag(holder);

} else {

holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();

}

ItemEntity itemEntity = items.get(position);

holder.tv_title.setText(itemEntity.getTitle());

holder.tv_content.setText(itemEntity.getContent());

// 使用ImageLoader加载网络图片

DisplayImageOptions options = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()//

.showImageOnLoading(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // 加载中显示的默认图片

.showImageOnFail(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // 设置加载失败的默认图片

.cacheInMemory(true) // 内存缓存

.cacheOnDisk(true) // sdcard缓存

.bitmapConfig(Config.RGB_565)// 设置最低配置

.build();//

ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(itemEntity.getAvatar(),

holder.iv_avatar, options);

final ArrayList<String> imageUrls = itemEntity.getImageUrls();

if (imageUrls == null || imageUrls.size() == 0) { // 没有图片资源就隐藏GridView

holder.gridview.setVisibility(View.GONE);

} else {

holder.gridview.setAdapter(new NoScrollGridAdapter(mContext,

imageUrls));

}

// 点击回帖九宫格,查看大图

holder.gridview.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,

int position, long id) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

imageBrower(position, imageUrls);

}

});

return convertView;

}

/**

* 打开图片查看器

*

* @param position

* @param urls2

*/

protected void imageBrower(int position, ArrayList<String> urls2) {

Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, ImagePagerActivity.class);

// 图片url,为了演示这里使用常量,一般从数据库中或网络中获取

intent.putExtra(ImagePagerActivity.EXTRA_IMAGE_URLS, urls2);

intent.putExtra(ImagePagerActivity.EXTRA_IMAGE_INDEX, position);

mContext.startActivity(intent);

}

/**

* listview组件复用,防止“卡顿”

*

* @author Administrator

*

*/

class ViewHolder {

private ImageView iv_avatar;

private TextView tv_title;

private TextView tv_content;

private NoScrollGridView gridview;

}

}

这里有需要解释的地方了,看看listview上的图片处理,由于图片都是从网络获取的,为了避免图片过多造成OOM,那么这里加载图片的时候必不可少的需要做内存优化,图片的优化方式有很多,我这里采取了最简单最直接得方式,使用了开源的ImageLoader这个图片加载框架,这个框架简直是太优秀了,减少了开发者一系列不必要而且时常会出现的麻烦,关于ImageLoader并不是本篇博文需要讲解的知识,关于ImageLoader,欢迎在GitHub主页上下载,地址是https://github.com/nostra13/Android-Universal-Image-Loader,既然使用了ImageLoader这个框架,就不得不在程序上做一些初始化的操作,首先需要自定义一个全局的上下文Application类,将ImageLoader的相关属性初始化上去,直接看代码好了,见名知意:MyApplication.java

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public class MyApplication extends Application {

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

DisplayImageOptions defaultOptions = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder() //

.showImageForEmptyUri(R.drawable.ic_launcher) //

.showImageOnFail(R.drawable.ic_launcher) //

.cacheInMemory(true) //

.cacheOnDisk(true) //

.build();//

ImageLoaderConfiguration config = new ImageLoaderConfiguration//

.Builder(getApplicationContext())//

.defaultDisplayImageOptions(defaultOptions)//

.discCacheSize(50 * 1024 * 1024)//

.discCacheFileCount(100)// 缓存一百张图片

.writeDebugLogs()//

.build();//

ImageLoader.getInstance().init(config);

}

}

定义这个Application之后,需要在清单文件中配置一下,在Manifest.xml中的Application节点上添加:

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android:name="com.example.imagedemo.MyApplication"

此外由于ImageLoader是网络获取图片,又需要本地sdcard缓存图片,所以需要加上一下的权限,这是Imageloader标准权限:

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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />

再看看上面的Item上数据,里面有个GridView,显然这个GridView也是需要做数据适配的,这个数据反应的是从网络加载图片,比较简单,看代码NoScrollGridAdapter.java

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......

Override

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {

View view = View.inflate(ctx, R.layout.item_gridview, null);

ImageView imageView = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv_image);

DisplayImageOptions options = new DisplayImageOptions.Builder()//

.cacheInMemory(true)//

.cacheOnDisk(true)//

.bitmapConfig(Config.RGB_565)//

.build();

ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(imageUrls.get(position),

imageView, options);

return view;

}

......

这样,所有的数据适配就做好了,接下来就需要做图片查看器了,当我们点击ListView上Item里的“九宫格”——NoScrollGridView的某张图片的时候,需要把这个图片的url传给一个图片查看器,图片查看器里会根据传递进来的url去网络加载这张图片,那么其实图片查看器就是一个新的单独的Activity,这个Activity会包含一个ViewPager,用来管理多张图片的查看。image_detail_pager.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" >

<com.example.imagedemo.HackyViewPager

android:id="@+id/pager"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="@android:color/black" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/indicator"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="bottom"

android:background="@android:color/transparent"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="@string/viewpager_indicator"

android:textColor="@android:color/white"

android:textSize="18sp" />

</FrameLayout>

HackyViewPager.java

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public class HackyViewPager extends ViewPager {

private static final String TAG = "HackyViewPager";

public HackyViewPager(Context context) {

super(context);

}

public HackyViewPager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

super(context, attrs);

}

@Override

public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {

try {

return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);

} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {

// 不理会

Log.e(TAG, "hacky viewpager error1");

return false;

} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {

// 不理会

Log.e(TAG, "hacky viewpager error2");

return false;

}

}

}

ImagePagerActivity.java

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/**

* 图片查看器

*/

public class ImagePagerActivity extends FragmentActivity {

private static final String STATE_POSITION = "STATE_POSITION";

public static final String EXTRA_IMAGE_INDEX = "image_index";

public static final String EXTRA_IMAGE_URLS = "image_urls";

private HackyViewPager mPager;

private int pagerPosition;

private TextView indicator;

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.image_detail_pager);

pagerPosition = getIntent().getIntExtra(EXTRA_IMAGE_INDEX, 0);

ArrayList<String> urls = getIntent().getStringArrayListExtra(

EXTRA_IMAGE_URLS);

mPager = (HackyViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);

ImagePagerAdapter mAdapter = new ImagePagerAdapter(

getSupportFragmentManager(), urls);

mPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);

indicator = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.indicator);

CharSequence text = getString(R.string.viewpager_indicator, 1, mPager

.getAdapter().getCount());

indicator.setText(text);

// 更新下标

mPager.setOnPageChangeListener(new OnPageChangeListener() {

@Override

public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int arg0) {

}

@Override

public void onPageScrolled(int arg0, float arg1, int arg2) {

}

@Override

public void onPageSelected(int arg0) {

CharSequence text = getString(R.string.viewpager_indicator,

arg0 + 1, mPager.getAdapter().getCount());

indicator.setText(text);

}

});

if (savedInstanceState != null) {

pagerPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt(STATE_POSITION);

}

mPager.setCurrentItem(pagerPosition);

}

@Override

public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {

outState.putInt(STATE_POSITION, mPager.getCurrentItem());

}

private class ImagePagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter {

public ArrayList<String> fileList;

public ImagePagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm, ArrayList<String> fileList) {

super(fm);

this.fileList = fileList;

}

@Override

public int getCount() {

return fileList == null ? 0 : fileList.size();

}

@Override

public Fragment getItem(int position) {

String url = fileList.get(position);

return ImageDetailFragment.newInstance(url);

}

}

}

已知图片查看的界面是继承自FragmentActivity的,所以支持显示的界面必须需要Fragment来实现,那么就自定义个Frangment吧,用这个Fragment来从url中获取图片资源,显示图片。image_detail_fragment.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="@android:color/black" >

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/image"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:adjustViewBounds="true"

android:contentDescription="@string/app_name"

android:scaleType="centerCrop" />

<ProgressBar

android:id="@+id/loading"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:visibility="gone" />

</FrameLayout>

ImageDetailFragment.java

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/**

* 单张图片显示Fragment

*/

public class ImageDetailFragment extends Fragment {

private String mImageUrl;

private ImageView mImageView;

private ProgressBar progressBar;

private PhotoViewAttacher mAttacher;

public static ImageDetailFragment newInstance(String imageUrl) {

final ImageDetailFragment f = new ImageDetailFragment();

final Bundle args = new Bundle();

args.putString("url", imageUrl);

f.setArguments(args);

return f;

}

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

mImageUrl = getArguments() != null ? getArguments().getString("url")

: null;

}

@Override

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,

Bundle savedInstanceState) {

final View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.image_detail_fragment,

container, false);

mImageView = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.image);

mAttacher = new PhotoViewAttacher(mImageView);

mAttacher.setOnPhotoTapListener(new OnPhotoTapListener() {

@Override

public void onPhotoTap(View arg0, float arg1, float arg2) {

getActivity().finish();

}

});

progressBar = (ProgressBar) v.findViewById(R.id.loading);

return v;

}

@Override

public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

ImageLoader.getInstance().displayImage(mImageUrl, mImageView,

new SimpleImageLoadingListener() {

@Override

public void onLoadingStarted(String imageUri, View view) {

progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

}

@Override

public void onLoadingFailed(String imageUri, View view,

FailReason failReason) {

String message = null;

switch (failReason.getType()) {

case IO_ERROR:

message = "下载错误";

break;

case DECODING_ERROR:

message = "图片无法显示";

break;

case NETWORK_DENIED:

message = "网络有问题,无法下载";

break;

case OUT_OF_MEMORY:

message = "图片太大无法显示";

break;

case UNKNOWN:

message = "未知的错误";

break;

}

Toast.makeText(getActivity(), message,

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);

}

@Override

public void onLoadingComplete(String imageUri, View view,

Bitmap loadedImage) {

progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);

mAttacher.update();

}

});

}

}

写到这里,此篇博文也宣告结束了。需要提出的是,我这里的图片查看器实现的图片的缩放效果使用的是开源组件PhotoView,关于PhotoView的github项目地址在这里,https://github.com/chrisbanes/PhotoView 需要点进去这个项目的网址,去下载源码,将源码全部拷贝到项目中来,使用也是相当方便的,demo如下:

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ImageView mImageView;

PhotoViewAttacher mAttacher;

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

// Any implementation of ImageView can be used!

mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_photo);

// Set the Drawable displayed

Drawable bitmap = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.wallpaper);

mImageView.setImageDrawable(bitmap);

// Attach a PhotoViewAttacher, which takes care of all of the zooming functionality.

mAttacher = new PhotoViewAttacher(mImageView);

}

// If you later call mImageView.setImageDrawable/setImageBitmap/setImageResource/etc then you just need to call

attacher.update();

刚开始这个图片查看器是我自己自定义View来实现的,其实需要实现图片的手势识别+多点触控+缩放,是可以使用矩阵Matrix来实现的,只不过这样显得特别的麻烦不说,而且极易出现BUG,这对于某些“急功近利”的项目来说,是个不好的兆头。所以,我这里摒弃了我用Matrix自定义的效果,改用github大牛为我们写好的开源组件,这样效率就上去了,大家也可以用Matrix自己去实现一下图片的多点触摸缩放的效果,关于Matrix的学习,请参加我以前的博文,Android自定义控件——3D画廊和图像矩阵。其实关于android上的图片缩放真没什么其它的方式,唯一能使用的还是Matrix这个类,不信先来瞧瞧Github大牛写的开源组件PhotoView是怎么实现的,查看以下部分源码:

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// These are set so we don't keep allocating them on the heap

private final Matrix mBaseMatrix = new Matrix();

private final Matrix mDrawMatrix = new Matrix();

private final Matrix mSuppMatrix = new Matrix();

private final RectF mDisplayRect = new RectF();

private final float[] mMatrixValues = new float[9];

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/**

* Set's the ImageView's ScaleType to Matrix.

*/

private static void setImageViewScaleTypeMatrix(ImageView imageView) {

/**

* PhotoView sets it's own ScaleType to Matrix, then diverts all calls

* setScaleType to this.setScaleType automatically.

*/

if (null != imageView && !(imageView instanceof IPhotoView)) {

if (!ScaleType.MATRIX.equals(imageView.getScaleType())) {

imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.MATRIX);

}

}

}

以上只是PhotoView的部分源码,一目了然的发现它的实现也是基于Matrix的,时间与篇幅的局限性,大家需要更好的了解PhotoView的实现的话,就下载它的源码查看吧,要理解大神的想法是需要一些扎实的基础,关于PhotoView的具体实现细节,我也弄不太明白,可能是我对Matrix了解的不深刻吧,希望以后加强学习,也希望以后跟你们交流学习,共同进步!
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