Swift3 - String 字符串、Array 数组、Dictionary 字典的使用

Swift相关知识，本随笔为 字符串、数组、字典的简单使用。

///***********************************************************************************************************/

///　　2016.12.29

///***********************************************************************************************************/

1、Swift3 ，字符串的简单使用,直接将代码贴过来，更方便查看

//  字符串 string
func stringTest() -> Void {
// 字符串
let str1 = "yiyi"
let str2 = "2222"
var str3 = String()//空string
var str4 = ""// 空string

// 字符（字符为 一 个）
let char1:Character = "d"

// 字符串长度
var strCount = str1.characters.count
strCount = str1.lengthOfBytes(using: String.Encoding.utf8)
print(String(format:"strCount == "),strCount)

// 字符串转换integer
print((str2 as NSString).integerValue)

// 字符串拼接
str3 = str1 + str2
//        str3 = "\(str1)\(str2)"
//        str3 = globalStr + String(str1)
print(String(format:"str3 == "),str3)

// 字符串与字符拼接
//        str4 = str1+String(char1)
str4 = "\(str1)\(char1)"
str4 = str1.appending(String(char1))// 其他类型转换string  String() exp:String(strCount)
print(String(format:""),str4)

//字符串与其他类型值的拼接
let int1 = 10
let int2 = 11.1
let str5 = String(format:"%i%.1f",int1,int2)
print(String(format:"str5 == "),str5)

// 字符串枚举 遍历每个字符
let s1 = "hello world!"
if strCount != 0 {
print("判断string长度不为0，不是空")
}
for c in s1.characters {
print(c)
}

// 字符串比较
let ss1 = "hello"
let ss2 = ",banana"
var ss3 = ss1+ss2
if ss1 == ss2 {
print("ss1=ss2")
}
if ss1+ss2 == ss3 {
print("ss1+ss2=ss3")
}
if ss1 > ss2 {// h大于b
print("ss1>ss2")
}
// 判断字符串是否包含字符串
if (ss3 .range(of: ss1) != nil) {
print("字符串包含子串")
}
　　　　　if ss3.hasPrefix("he") {}
　　　　　if ss3.hasSuffix("a") {}

// 字符串 大小写
print(ss3.uppercased())// HELLO,BANANA
print(ss3.capitalized)// Hello,Banana
print(ss3.lowercased())// hello,banana
/*
// 这两个用法没 明白
print(ss3.uppercased(with: Locale(identifier: "l")))// HELLO,BANANA
print(ss3.lowercased(with: Locale(identifier: "o")))// hello,banana
*/

// 截取 修剪 字符串
print(ss3.substring(from: ss3.characters.index(of: ",")!))//,banana 截取字符串从“,”开始
print(ss3.substring(to: ss3.characters.index(of: ",")!))//hello 截取字符串到“,”结束
print(ss3.unicodeScalars[ss3.unicodeScalars.startIndex ..< ss3.unicodeScalars.index(of: ",")!]);// hello
print(ss3[ss3.index(ss3.startIndex, offsetBy: 4)])// o  取字符串的某个字符
ss3.remove(at: ss3.characters.index(of: ",")!)// 去除字符串中特殊字符
print(ss3)// hellobanana

}

2、数组的简单使用

// 数组 array
func arrayTest() -> Void {
// 初始化
//        var array1:[Any] = []// 空 任意类型
//        var array2 = Array<Any>()
//        var array3:[String] = []// 空 string 类型
//        var array4 = Array<String>()
//        let array5 = Array<Any>(repeatElement("", count: 3))
var arr0 = ["what","test","swift","array"]
let arr1 = ["hyArr",1,"hySwift",3] as [Any]
var arr2 = [1,"2","swiftArr2",3,9,5] as [Any]
print(arr2[0], arr2[3], separator: "* ")

// arr0.count  数组count
print(String(format:"arr0 长度 == "),arr0.count)
// 判断数组是否为空
if arr1.isEmpty {
print("arr1数组是空")
}else {
print("arr1数组不空")
}
// arr1[arr1.count-2] 取数组的某个元素
print(arr1[arr1.count-2])// hySwift
//        print(arr1[0])// hyArr
//  public var first: Self.Iterator.Element? { get }
print(arr1.first!)// hyArr

// 遍历数组
for i in 0..<arr1.count {
print(arr1[i])
}
// 包含
if arr0 .contains("test") {
print("数组包含 test")
}else {
print("数组不包含 test")
}

// 删除元素
//        arr2 .remove(at: 4)
//        arr2 .removeSubrange(1..<3)// 删除 1、2 两个元素
//        arr2 .removeLast()
//        arr2 .removeFirst()
arr2 .removeAll()
print(arr2)

// 添加元素
arr2 .append("new1")// ["new1"]
arr2.append(contentsOf: ["Shakia", "William"])
print(arr2)
arr2 = arr1 + arr2// ["hyArr", 1, "hySwift", 3, "new1"]
arr2 = arr1
arr2 .insert("insertElement", at: 3)//["hyArr", 1, "hySwift", "insertElement", 3, "new1"]

// 更换
if let i = arr0.index(of: "test") {
arr0[i] = "测试"
}
arr2[0] = "domy"
print(arr2)

// 数组排序
var sortArr = [3,5,1,0,8,0]
sortArr.sort(by: >)
print(String(format:"排序后："),sortArr)// 排序后： [8, 5, 3, 1, 0, 0]

// 二维数组
let tArr1 = [["tSwift","haha"],1,[3,2]] as [Any]
let subArr1 = tArr1[0]
print(subArr1)

///  Array => NSArray
///  苹果的例子
/// Description:
/// The following example shows how you can bridge an `Array` instance to
/// `NSArray` to use the `write(to:atomically:)` method. In this example, the
/// `colors` array can be bridged to `NSArray` because its `String` elements
/// bridge to `NSString`. The compiler prevents bridging the `moreColors`
/// array, on the other hand, because its `Element` type is
/// `Optional<String>`, which does *not* bridge to a Foundation type.
let colors = ["periwinkle", "rose", "moss"]
let moreColors: [String?] = ["ochre", "pine"]

let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: "names.plist")
(colors as NSArray).write(to: url as URL, atomically: true)
// true

(moreColors as NSArray).write(to: url as URL, atomically: true)
// error: cannot convert value of type '[String?]' to type 'NSArray'

/// Array 的更多其他用法点进去查看方法文档
}

3、字典的简单使用

// 字典 dictionary
func dictionaryTest() -> Void {
// 创建字典
var dict = [200:"ok",400:"error"]// [key:value]
var emptyDict: [String: Any] = [:]// 空字典 var emptyDict: [Int: String] = [:]
emptyDict = ["key1":"value1","key2":2]

// Getting and Setting Dictionary Values
print(dict[200]!)// ok
print(emptyDict["key1"]!)// value1
// 添加键值对
emptyDict["key3"] = "value3"
print(emptyDict)// ["key2": 2, "key3": "value3", "key1": "value1"]
// 更新键值对的value
emptyDict["key2"] = "updateValue2"
print(String(format:("更换value后：")),emptyDict)

var interestingNumbers = ["primes": [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15],
"triangular": [1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28],
"hexagonal": [1, 6, 15, 28, 45, 66, 91]]
//  排序
for key in interestingNumbers.keys {
interestingNumbers[key]?.sort(by: >)
}
print(interestingNumbers["primes"]!)
/// print(interestingNumbers)
/// ["hexagonal": [91, 66, 45, 28, 15, 6, 1],
/// "primes": [15, 13, 11, 7, 5, 3, 2],
/// "triangular": [28, 21, 15, 10, 6, 3, 1]]

// 遍历字典
let imagePaths = ["star": "/glyphs/star.png",
"portrait": "/images/content/portrait.jpg",
"spacer": "/images/shared/spacer.gif"]
for (key, value) in imagePaths {
print("The path to '\(key)' is '\(value)'.")
}

/// search a dictionary's contents for a particular value
//        let glyphIndex = imagePaths.index {
//            $0.value.hasPrefix("/glyphs")
//        }
//        print(imagePaths[glyphIndex!].value)// /glyphs/star.png
//        print(imagePaths[glyphIndex!].key)// star
let glyphIndex = imagePaths.contains {
$0.value.hasPrefix("/glyphx")
}
print(glyphIndex)// ture

/// Bridging Between Dictionary and NSDictionary
// imagePaths as NSDictionary
print("keys:\((imagePaths as NSDictionary).allKeys) ,values:\((imagePaths as NSDictionary).allValues)")

}