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47 监控系统基础及zabbix介绍、zabbix工作原理及安装配置、zabbix on CentOS7、zabbix配置

2016-12-17 15:18 931 查看
02 zabbix工作原理及安装配置

配置环境
node1192.168.1.120CentOS6.7
node2192.168.1.121CentOS6.7

1、安装配置zabbix

#安装前准备
[root@node1 ~]#yum -y install mysql-server mysq
[root@node1 ~]# mysql
mysql> CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8;
mysql> GRANT ALL on zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';
mysql>GRANT ALL on zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'node1' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> \q

#安装zabbix
[root@node1 ~]# cd zabbix-2.4/
[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# ls
zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-get-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-java-gateway-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-sqlite3-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-web-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-web-japanese-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-web-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-web-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# yum -y install zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# yum install zabbix-server-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-get-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-web-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm \
zabbix-web-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -y

#配置zabbix服务端
[root@node1 zabbix-2.4]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node1 zabbix]# ls
web zabbix_agentd.conf zabbix_agentd.d zabbix_server.conf
[root@node1 zabbix]# service httpd start
[root@node1 zabbix]# ls /etc/httpd/conf.d/
php.conf README welcome.conf zabbix.conf
[root@node1 zabbix]# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0/
[root@node1 zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0]# ls
create upgrades
[root@node1 zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0]# cd create/
[root@node1 create]# ls
data.sql images.sql schema.sql
[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < schema.sql
[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < images.sql
[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < data.sql
[root@node1 create]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_server.conf
修改
# DBHost=localhost

DBHost=192.168.1.120
修改
DBUser=zabbix

DBUser=zbxuser
修改
# DBPassword=

DBPassword=zbxpass
修改
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[root@node1 zabbix]# service zabbix-server start

配置zabbix web
[root@node1 zabbix]# cd
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/php.ini
修改
;date.timezone =

date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
[root@node1 ~]# service httpd restart
登录
http://192.168.1.120/zabbix/setup.php
配置Configure DB connection
Database type:MySQL
Database host:192.168.1.120
Database name:zabbix
User:zbxuser
Password:zbxpass
Zabbix server details
Host:192.168.1.120
Name:node1

默认登录用户名密码:admin/zabbix
2、监控主机
配置监控主机监控自己
[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
修改
Server=127.0.0.1

Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.120
修改
ServerActive=127.0.0.1

ServerActive=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.120
修改
Hostname=Zabbix server

Hostname=node1#主机名要使用DNS解析的域名,最好局域网中唯一
[root@node1 zabbix]# service zabbix-agent start

添加监控主机
1、Agentd端配置
[root@node1 ~]# scp -r zabbix-2.4/ node2:/root
[root@node2 zabbix-2.4]# yum -y install zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@node2 zabbix-2.4]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node2 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
修改
Server=127.0.0.1

Server=192.168.1.120
修改
ServerActive=127.0.0.1

ServerActive=192.168.1.120
修改
Hostname=Zabbix server

Hostname=node2
[root@node2 zabbix]# service zabbix-agent start
2、登录zaggix-agent配置
网址:http://192.168.1.131/zabbix/

2.1、Create host
Configuration->Hosts=>Create host



2.2、配置Hosts
2.2.1、Hosts=>Host



点击“Add”,完成添加主机!

03 zabbix on CentOS 7

1、安装zabbix
[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
添加
innodb_file_per_table = 1
skip_name_resolve = 1
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service
[root@node1 ~]# ls *rpm
epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
zabbix-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-get-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-java-gateway-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-sender-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-web-2.4.6-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@node1 ~]# yum install *rpm -y

2、配置zabbix
[root@node1 ~]# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> \q
[root@node1 ~]# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6/create/
[root@node1 create]# ls
data.sql images.sql schema.sql
[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < schema.sql
[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < images.sql
[root@node1 create]# mysql zabbix < data.sql

[root@node1 create]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node1 zabbix]# ls
web zabbix_agentd.d zabbix_server.conf
zabbix_agentd.conf zabbix_java_gateway.conf
[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_server.conf
修改
# DBHost=localhost

DBHost=192.168.1.131
修改
DBUser=zabbix

DBUser=zbxuser
修改
# DBPassword=

DBPassword=zbxpass
[root@node1 zabbix]# systemctl start zabbix-server.service

3、配置zabbix-web
[root@node1 zabbix]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
[root@node1 conf.d]# vim zabbix.conf
修改
# php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga

php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
[root@node1 conf.d]# systemctl start httpd.service
访问
http://192.168.1.131/zabbix/setup.php
Configure DB connection
Database type MySQL
Database host 192.168.1.131
Database namezabbix
userzbxuser
passwordzbxpass

默认登录用户名密码:Admin/zabbix

4、监控服务器本机启用监控
[root@node1 conf.d]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node1 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
[root@node1 zabbix]# systemctl start zabbix-agent.service

04 zabbix配置入门

1、添加监控主机
[root@node2 ~]# ls *rpm
zabbix-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm zabbix-sender-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@node2 ~]# yum -y install *rpm
[root@node2 ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@node2 zabbix]# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
修改
Server=127.0.0.1

Server=192.168.1.120
修改
ServerActive=127.0.0.1

ServerActive=192.168.1.120
修改
Hostname=Zabbix server

Hostname=node2
[root@node2 zabbix]# service zabbix-agent start

#添加SNMP监控
[root@node2 zabbix]# yum -y install net-snmp
[root@node2 zabbix]# service snmpd start

2、监控项

#查找所有可用的Key
MariaDB [zabbix]> use zabbix;
MariaDB [zabbix]> SELECT key_,type FROM items;

注:type值为0的为zabbix_agent提供的

#获取指定主机的system.uname
[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "system.uname"
Linux node2 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64

#获取指定主机的网卡流出流量
[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "net.if.out[eno16777736]"
1375696
#获取指定主机的网卡流入流量
[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "net.if.in[eno16777736]"
36396519
#获取指定主机的CPU中断次数
[root@node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "system.cpu.intr"
7804460

1、添加items
1.1、Configuration=>Hosts,在主机中点击“items”=>"Create item",录入相关属性,“Add”


1.2、Create Item




1.3、添加items属性



单击“Add”

2、添加Graphs
2.1、 Configuration=>Hosts



2.2、Create graph



2.3、填写Graphs的各属性



3、创建Triggers
3.1、Configuration=>Hosts=>Triggers



3.2、Create Trigger



3.3、填写Triggers属性



4、配置通知方式
4.1、Administration=>Media types=>Createmedia type



4.2、配置通知属性



5、创建接收邮件用户
5.1、Administration=>Users=>users



5.2、Administration=>Users=>user



5.3、Administration=>Users=>Media



6、配置报警功能
6.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Creat eaction



6.2.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Action




Name: interrupts problem
Default message:
Trigger: {TRIGGER.NAME}
Trigger status: {TRIGGER.STATUS}
Trigger severity: {TRIGGER.SEVERITY}
Trigger URL: {TRIGGER.URL}
Item values:
1. {ITEM.NAME1} ({HOST.NAME1}:{ITEM.KEY1}):{ITEM.VALUE1}
2. {ITEM.NAME2} ({HOST.NAME2}:{ITEM.KEY2}):{ITEM.VALUE2}
3. {ITEM.NAME3} ({HOST.NAME3}:{ITEM.KEY3}):{ITEM.VALUE3}
Original event ID: {EVENT.ID}

FROM: mail.magedu.com

6.2.2、Configuration=>Actions=>Conditions



6.3.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Operations=New




6.3.2、配置New属性






[root@node1 ~]# yum -y install hping3
[root@node1 ~]# hping 192.168.1.132 --faster

05 zabbix基本配置入门
1、修改zabbix显示语言
1.1、点击屏幕右上角的“Profile”



1.2、修改显示语言




[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
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