Docker-compose命令详解

语法：

Define and run multi-container applications with Docker.

Usage:

docker-compose [-f=<arg>...] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS...]

docker-compose -h|--help

Options:

-f, --file FILE             Specify an alternate compose file (default: docker-compose.yml)

-p, --project-name NAME     Specify an alternate project name (default: directory name)

--verbose                   Show more output

-v, --version               Print version and exit

-H, --host HOST             Daemon socket to connect to

--tls                       Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify

--tlscacert CA_PATH         Trust certs signed only by this CA

--tlscert CLIENT_CERT_PATH  Path to TLS certificate file

--tlskey TLS_KEY_PATH       Path to TLS key file

--tlsverify                 Use TLS and verify the remote

--skip-hostname-check       Don't check the daemon's hostname against the name specified

in the client certificate (for example if your docker host

is an IP address)

Commands:

build              Build or rebuild services

config             Validate and view the compose file

create             Create services

down               Stop and remove containers, networks, images, and volumes

events             Receive real time events from containers

help               Get help on a command

kill               Kill containers

logs               View output from containers

pause              Pause services

port               Print the public port for a port binding

ps                 List containers

pull               Pulls service images

restart            Restart services

rm                 Remove stopped containers

run                Run a one-off command

scale              Set number of containers for a service

start              Start services

stop               Stop services

unpause            Unpause services

up                 Create and start containers

version            Show the Docker-Compose version information

-f 指定docker-compose.xml文件，默认是 docker-compose.xml ， 当一条命令有多个-f参数时，会做替换操作
-p 指定docker-compose的项目目录，也就是docker-compose.xml文件的存储目录

CLI Environment Variables

Usage: build [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:
--force-rm Always remove intermediate containers.
--no-cache Do not use cache when building the image.
--pull Always attempt to pull a newer version of the image.

当修改dockerfile或者docker-compose时，运行docker-compose build 重建镜像。 生成镜像后，可使用docker-compose up启动

config

Usage: config [options]

--quiet 只验证配置，不输出。
当配置正确时，不输出任何内容，当文件配置错误，输出错误信息。
--services 打印服务名，一行一个

验证和查看compose文件配置。

create

为服务创建容器.只是单纯的create，还需要使用start启动compose

Usage: create [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

--force-recreate 重新创建容器，即使他的配置和镜像没有改变，不兼容--no-recreate参数
.
不兼容--force-recreate参数

--no-build 不创建镜像，即使缺失.

--build                创建容器前，生成镜像.

down

Usage: down [options]

Options:

--rmi type 删除镜像，类型必须是:
'all': 删除compose文件中定义的所以镜像.
'local': 删除镜像名为空的镜像
--volumes
删除卷

attached to containers.

--remove-orphans    Remove containers for services not defined in the

file

停止和删除容器、网络、卷、镜像，这些内容是通过docker-compose up命令创建的. 默认值删除 容器 网络，可以通过指定 rmi volumes参数删除镜像和卷

events

Usage: events [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:
--json 输出事件日志，json格式

输出docker-compose 事件的日志，当执行docker-compose命令操作时，docker-compose even命令就会监控日志:

{

"service": "web",

"event": "create",

"container": "213cf75fc39a",

"image": "alpine:edge",

"time": "2015-11-20T18:01:03.615550",

}

exec

Usage: exec [options] SERVICE COMMAND [ARGS...]

Options:

-d                分离模式，后台运行命令.

--privileged      获取特权.

--user USER       指定运行的用户.

-T                禁用分配TTY. By default `docker-compose exec`

分配 a TTY.
--index=index 当一个服务拥有多个容器时，可通过该参数登陆到该服务下的任何服务，例如：docker-compose exec --index=1 web /bin/bash ，web服务中包含多个容器
of a service [default: 1]

和docker exec命令功能相同，可以通过service name登陆到容器中
e.g.

docker-compose
exec web sh

kill

Usage: kill [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:
-s SIGNAL 向容器发送信号. 默认是SIGKILL.

通过发送 SIGKILL 信号来强制停止服务容器。支持通过参数来指定发送的信号:

$ docker-compose kill -s SIGINT

logs

Usage: logs [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

--no-color 单色输出，不显示其他颜.
--follow
跟踪日志输出，就是可以实时查看日志
--timestamps
显示时间戳
--tail
从日志的结尾显示，--tail=200

显示日志输出.

pause

Usage: pause [SERVICE...]

暂停容器服务. docker-compose pause 暂停所有服务. docker-compose pause web，之后暂停web服务的容器。

unpause

Usage:
unpause [SERVICE...]

恢复容器服务. docker-compose unpause 恢复所有服务. docker-compose unpause web，之后恢复web服务的容器。

port

Usage: port [options] SERVICE PRIVATE_PORT

Options:

--protocol=proto  tcp or udp [default: tcp]

--index=index     index of the container if there are multiple

instances of a service [default: 1]

输出服务的共有端口.
# docker-compose port web 8080 -- 8080为容器内部端口
0.0.0.0:8884

ps

Usage: ps [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

-q    只显示ID

显示容器. 默认显示name、command、state、ports

pull

Usage: pull [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:
--ignore-pull-failures 忽略pull失败的镜像，继续pull其他镜像.

pull compose文件中所指明的镜像.

push

Usage: push [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

push-failures
忽略错误.

push compose文件中所指明的镜像

restart

Usage: restart [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:
-t, --timeout TIMEOUT      Specify a shutdown timeout in seconds. (default: 10)

Restarts services.

rm

Usage: rm [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

--force Don't ask to confirm removal
-v 期初加载到容器的任何匿名卷

-a, --all     Also remove one-off containers created by

docker-compose run

Removes stopped service containers. 如果服务在运行，需要先docker-compose stop 停止容器

By default, anonymous volumes attached to containers will not be removed. You can override this with

Docker
volume ls

.

Any data which is not in a volume will be lost.

run

Usage: run [options] [-e KEY=VAL...] SERVICE [COMMAND] [ARGS...]

.
-e KEY=VAL 设置环境变量参数，可以使用多次
--user=""
指定运行的用户
--no-deps
不启动link服务，只启动run的服务.
--rm
运行后删除容器，后台运行模式除外(-d).
p, --publish=[]
开放端口
--service-ports
compose文件中配置什么端口，就映射什么端口.

T
禁用TTY.

--workdir=""
设置工作目录

启动web服务器，并执行bash命令.

$ docker-compose run web bash

根据compose配置文件制定的端口，映射到主机:

$ docker-compose run --service-ports web python manage.py shell

指定端口映射到主机:

$ docker-compose run --publish 8080:80 -p 2022:22 -p 127.0.0.1:2021:21 web python manage.py shell

link db容器:

$ docker-compose run db psql -h db -U docker

不linke容器，单独启动指定容器:

$ docker-compose run --no-deps web python manage.py shell

scale

Usage: scale [SERVICE=NUM...]

设置服务的个数.

$ docker-compose scale web=2 worker=3

start

Usage: start [SERVICE...]

启动服务.

stop

Usage: stop [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

default: 10).

停止容器.

up

Usage: up [options] [SERVICE...]

Options:

-d                         后台运行，输出容器的名字.

Incompatible with --abort-on-container-exit.

--no-color 单色输出.

--no-deps                  不启动link服务.

--force-recreate 强制重新创建compose服务，即使没有任何改变。重新创建后启动容器

Incompatible with --no-recreate.

--no-recreate 如果容器已经存在，不重新创建.

Incompatible with --force-recreate.

--no-build 不创建重启，即使镜像不存在.

--build 重新创建镜像，然后生成容器.

--abort-on-container-exit  任何容器停止，自动停止所有容器.

Incompatible with -d.
--timeout TIMEOUT
超时时间. (default: 10)

--remove-orphans 移除compose文件中未定义服务的容器