IT必看：RMAN 增量备份实践

一、基础知识

大家对RMAN我想都有不少的了解，此处只想对增量备份进行一下学习与实践，也是因为工作中确实有这样的需求存在。增量备份分为两种：Differential 差异，Cumulative 累积。如果不指明增量备份参数，默认的增量备份为Differential差异。常规备份方案：1周1次0级备份，其余为差异增量1级备份。或者1周1次0级备份，后两天为差异1级备份，第三天累积1级备份，后面0级备份前再次差异1级备份。总而言知，你了解了备份原理，后面策略就你自己定了。I believe you that you can choose
correct policy.

（1）Differential Incremental Backups

     差异增量备份，就是备份最近1次增量备份（差异或者累积）或者0级全备份后的所有变化的数据块。

（2）Cumulative Incremental Backups

     累积增量备份，就是备份最近0级备份后的所有变化的数据块，所以占用空间是比较多些。

二、实验备份

 

（1）0级备份scripts：

#!/bin/bash

source /home/Oracle/.bash_profile

# Local variable

day=`date +%Y%m%d`

bk_dir=/rmanbackup/rman/TEST${day}

# Create backup directory

mkdir -p $bk_dir

# Incremental level 0 backup

rman target / log=$bk_dir/${day}.log <<EOF

RUN {

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '$bk_dir/%F';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=10G;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=10G;

BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE FILESPERSET 10 FORMAT '$bk_dir/db_%T_%U.bak' PLUS ARCHIVELOG FILESPERSET 20 DELETE ALL INPUT FORMAT '$bk_dir/arch_%T_%U.bak';

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;

}

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

EOF

 

（2）1级差异增量备份scripst：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

#!/bin/bash

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

# Local variable

day=`date +%Y%m%d`

bk_dir=/rmanbackup/rman/TEST${day}

# Create backup directory

mkdir -p bk_dir

# Differential Incremental level 1 backup

rman target / log=$bk_dir/${day}.log <<EOF

RUN {

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '$bk_dir/%F';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=10G;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=10G;

BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE FILESPERSET 10 FORMAT '$bk_dir/db_%T_%U.bak' PLUS ARCHIVELOG FILESPERSET 20 FORMAT '$bk_dir/arch_%T_%U.bak' DELETE ALL INPUT;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;

}

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

EOF

（3）1级累积增量备份scripst：

#!/bin/bash

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

# Local variable

day=`date +%Y%m%d`

bk_dir=/rmanbackup/rman/TEST${day}

# Create backup directory

mkdir -p bk_dir

# Cumulative Incremental level 1 backup

rman target / log=$bk_dir/${day}.log <<EOF

RUN {

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '$bk_dir/%F';

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch01 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=10G;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch02 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE=10G;

BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 CUMULATIVE DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE FILESPERSET 10 FORMAT '$bk_dir/db_%T_%U.bak' PLUS ARCHIVELOG FILESPERSET 20 FORMAT '$bk_dir/arch_%T_%U.bak' DELETE ALL INPUT;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch01;

RELEASE CHANNEL ch02;

}

ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE DISK;

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;

EOF