Day6-python基础之模块

yum
pip
apt-get

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编译源码    python setup.py build
安装源码    python setup.py install

yum install gcc

import random
import string
print(random.random())
print(random.randint(0,5))#0-5之间随机产生
print(random.randrange(0,5))#0-4之间随机产生

str_source = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
print(''.join(random.sample(str_source,5)))#随机生成5位a-zA-Z0-9

import random
checkcode = ''
for i in range(4):
current = random.randrange(0,4)
if current != i:
temp = chr(random.randint(65,90))
else:
temp = random.randint(0,9)
checkcode += str(temp)
print(checkcode)

import shutil
f1 = open("random mod.py")
f2 = open("random_new.py","w")
shutil.copyfileobj(f1,f2)

shutil.copy(r"C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day3\笔记","test")#拷贝文件和权限
shutil.copy2()#拷贝文件和状态信息
shutil.copyfile()
shutil.copytree(r"C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day3","day3_new")#递归去拷贝文件

shutil.make_archive(r"c:\day3",format="zip",root_dir=r"C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day3")#创建压缩包并返回文件路劲

#对压缩包的处理调用zipfile和tarfile处理
import zipfile
zip_obj  = zipfile.ZipFile(r"c:\zip_test.zip","w")
zip_obj.write("test")
zip_obj.write(r"C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day3")#把test和C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day3压缩到c:\zip_test.zip
zip_obj.close()

import tarfile
EXCLUDE_FILES = ['字典', '笔记', 'lyrics']
def exclude_function(tarinfo):
if tarinfo.name in  EXCLUDE_FILES and tarinfo.isdir():
print("filter...")
return None
else:
return tarinfo

tar = tarfile.open(r'c:\your.tar','w')
tar.add(r"C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\py_s15\day3",filter=exclude_function,arcname="alex")
tar.add(r"c:\zip_test.zip")
tar.close()

import shelve
d = shelve.open('shelve_test')
def stu_data(name,age):
print('register stu',name,age)
name = ['alex','rain','test']
info = {'name':'alex','age':22}
d['test'] = name
d['info'] = info
d['func'] = stu_data

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
root = tree.getroot()
print(root.tag)

#遍历xml文档
for child in root:
print(child.tag, child.attrib)
for i in child:
print(i.tag,i.text)

#只遍历year 节点
for node in root.iter('year'):
print(node.tag,node.text)

ConfigParser模块

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
'Compression': 'yes',
'CompressionLevel': '9'}

config['bitbucket.org'] = {}
config['bitbucket.org']['User'] = 'hg'
config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}
topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
topsecret['Host Port'] = '50022'     # mutates the parser
topsecret['ForwardX11'] = 'no'  # same here
config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11'] = 'yes'
with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
config.write(configfile)

import hashlib

m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(b"Hello")
m.update(b"It's me")
print(m.digest())
m.update(b"It's been a long time since last time we ...")

print(m.digest()) #2进制格式hash
print(len(m.hexdigest())) #16进制格式hash
'''
def digest(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return the digest value as a string of binary data. """
pass

def hexdigest(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return the digest value as a string of hexadecimal digits. """
pass

'''
import hashlib

# ######## md5 ########

hash = hashlib.md5()
hash.update('admin')
print(hash.hexdigest())

# ######## sha1 ########

hash = hashlib.sha1()
hash.update('admin')
print(hash.hexdigest())

# ######## sha256 ########

hash = hashlib.sha256()
hash.update('admin')
print(hash.hexdigest())

# ######## sha384 ########

hash = hashlib.sha384()
hash.update('admin')
print(hash.hexdigest())

# ######## sha512 ########

hash = hashlib.sha512()
hash.update('admin')
print(hash.hexdigest())

logging模块

debug()

info()

warning()

error()

critical() 5个级别，

import logging

logging.warning("user [alex] attempted wrong password more than 3 times")
logging.critical("server is down")

#输出
WARNING:root:user [alex] attempted wrong password more than 3 times
CRITICAL:root:server is down

import logging

logging.basicConfig(filename='example.log',level=logging.INFO)
logging.debug('This message should go to the log file')
logging.info('So should this')
logging.warning('And this, too')

import logging

#create logger
logger = logging.getLogger('TEST-LOG')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

# create console handler and set level to debug
ch = logging.StreamHandler()
ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

# create file handler and set level to warning
fh = logging.FileHandler("access.log")
fh.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
# create formatter
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

# add formatter to ch and fh
ch.setFormatter(formatter)
fh.setFormatter(formatter)

# add ch and fh to logger
logger.addHandler(ch)
logger.addHandler(fh)

# 'application' code
logger.debug('debug message')
logger.info('info message')
logger.warn('warn message')
logger.error('error message')
logger.critical('critical message')

import logging

from logging import handlers

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

log_file = "timelog.log"
#fh = handlers.RotatingFileHandler(filename=log_file,maxBytes=10,backupCount=3)
fh = handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=log_file,when="S",interval=5,backupCount=3)

formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(module)s:%(lineno)d %(message)s')

fh.setFormatter(formatter)

logger.addHandler(fh)

logger.warning("test1")
logger.warning("test12")
logger.warning("test13")
logger.warning("test14")

'.'     默认匹配除\n之外的任意一个字符，若指定flag DOTALL,则匹配任意字符，包括换行
'^'     匹配字符开头，若指定flags MULTILINE,这种也可以匹配上(r"^a","\nabc\neee",flags=re.MULTILINE)
'$'     匹配字符结尾，或e.search("foo$","bfoo\nsdfsf",flags=re.MULTILINE).group()也可以
'*'     匹配*号前的字符0次或多次，re.findall("ab*","cabb3abcbbac")  结果为['abb', 'ab', 'a']
'+'     匹配前一个字符1次或多次，re.findall("ab+","ab+cd+abb+bba") 结果['ab', 'abb']
'?'     匹配前一个字符1次或0次
'{m}'   匹配前一个字符m次
'{n,m}' 匹配前一个字符n到m次，re.findall("ab{1,3}","abb abc abbcbbb") 结果'abb', 'ab', 'abb']
'|'     匹配|左或|右的字符，re.search("abc|ABC","ABCBabcCD").group() 结果'ABC'
'(...)' 分组匹配，re.search("(abc){2}a(123|456)c", "abcabca456c").group() 结果 abcabca456c

'\A'    只从字符开头匹配，re.search("\Aabc","alexabc") 是匹配不到的
'\Z'    匹配字符结尾，同$
'\d'    匹配数字0-9
'\D'    匹配非数字
'\w'    匹配[A-Za-z0-9]
'\W'    匹配非[A-Za-z0-9]
's'     匹配空白字符、\t、\n、\r , re.search("\s+","ab\tc1\n3").group() 结果 '\t'

'(?P<name>...)' 分组匹配 re.search("(?P<province>[0-9]{4})(?P<city>[0-9]{2})(?P<birthday>[0-9]{4})","371481199306143242").groupdict("city") 结果{'province': '3714', 'city': '81', 'birthday': '1993'}

re.match 从头开始匹配
re.search 匹配包含
re.findall 把所有匹配到的字符放到以列表中的元素返回
re.splitall 以匹配到的字符当做列表分隔符
re.sub      匹配字符并替换